Nature relatedness as a potential factor to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in Ecuadorian children.

BACKGROUND: Nature relatedness can be associated with health-related outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the associations of nature relatedness with physical activity and sedentary behavior. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 9-12 year old children living in Cuenca, Ecuador, was conducted between October 2018 and March 2019. Questionnaires were used to evaluate physical activity (PAQ-C), out-of-school sedentary behavior, nature relatedness and wellbeing. Associations of nature relatedness with physical activity, and sedentary behavior were evaluated using linear regression models or tobit regressions adjusted by age, sex, school type, wellbeing, and body mass index z-score. RESULTS: A total of 1028 children were surveyed (average age:10.4±1.22 years, 52% female.). Nature relatedness was positively associated with physical activity (ß = 0.07; CI 95%: 0.05-0.09; p < 0.001) and non-screen-related sedentary leisure (ß = 3.77 minutes; CI 95%: 0.76-6.68; p < 0.05); it was negatively associated with screen time (ß = -5.59 minutes; CI 95%: -10.53-0.65; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that nature relatedness is associated with physical activity and some sedentary behaviors among Ecuadorian school-age children. The promotion of nature relatedness has the potential to improve health.

Ateneo General de la Residencia: Niños pequeños: construyendo caminos hacia grandes pasos / Residence General Atheneaum: Little children: Building paths to big steps

A partir de diferentes interrogantes que surgieron en el interior del Equipo de Psicopedagogía del Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en relación al abordaje en niños pequeños, se consideró pertinente ahondar y reflexionar sobre la práctica con ellos. Dado el Aislamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio (ASPO) en el marco de la pandemia por COVID-19, el funcionamiento de la Unidad de Salud Mental sufrió modificaciones en la forma de dar respuesta a la demanda y a las necesidades de cada paciente y su familia. Sin embargo, se considera que la esencia y la forma de pensar continúa a pesar de las adversidades. Para ahondar en esta temática, se organiza el escrito en tres partes: Se escriben algunos conceptos centrales en relación a la clínica con niños pequeños, se profundiza en aspectos que se consideran fundamentales a tener en cuenta al realizar una evaluación, y por último, se abordan los modos de intervenir propios del Equipo de Psicopedagogía. (AU)

Adaptação cultural do Questionário de Alimentação Infantil (QAI) para uso no Brasil / Cultural adaptation of the Infant Feeding Questionnaire (IFQ) for use in Brazil

Para compor ações de cuidado à criança, a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Criança, Eixo Estratégico II - Aleitamento Materno e Alimentação Complementar Saudável - defende a nutrição adequada e o acesso a alimentos seguros e nutritivos como direito da criança para atingir padrões altos de saúde. Considerando a importância de ofertar alimentos saudáveis para crescimento e desenvolvimento oportunos às crianças brasileiras, as evidências científicas sobre a necessidade de promover hábitos de vida benéficos e pela ausência de instrumentos nacionais validados que investigam conhecimento de pais sobre alimentação saudável de seus filhos, este estudo teve o objetivo de realizar a adaptação cultural, no Brasil, do Questionário de Alimentação Infantil (QAI), para uso com pais de crianças em idade pré-escolar. Realizou-se um estudo metodológico foi desenvolvido em um município de médio porte do nordeste paulista entre março e setembro de 2018. Para alcance do objetivo, percorreram-se as etapas propostas por referencial que envolveu padronização idiomática do instrumento; avaliação por comitê de especialistas; retrotradução; painel de pacientes; versão adaptada do instrumento e teste piloto. Realizou-se a padronização idiomática para manter a compreensão do instrumento quando adaptado culturalmente na mesma língua, mas em países distintos. Esta foi avaliada por dois profissionais de língua portuguesa, que resultou em duas versões, posteriormente sintetizadas em uma única versão. Sete juízes compuseram o comitê de especialistas que validaram esta versão, com concordância acima de 80% para 54 das 55 afirmações do QAI. Acataram-se as alterações por não interferirem no QAI e após aprovação da autora. Procedeu-se à retrotradução, também com alterações necessárias para a realidade brasileira e após autorização da autora. Para a validação semântica, 30 pais (painel de pacientes) de crianças matriculadas em Centros de Convivência Infantil (CCI) responderam itens do QAI que foi subdividido em cinco grupos de 11 afirmações cada. Verificou-se compreensão de todos os itens, à exceção de um deles que não faz parte da realidade brasileira; também alterado com autorização da autora, resultando na versão adaptada. Então, conduziu-se o estudo piloto com 55 pais de outras CCI; eles assinalaram, no QAI, verdadeiro ou falso para todas as 55 afirmações. Para análise, utilizou-se o coeficiente de Kuder-Richardson (KR20) e obteve-se correlação dos itens com o total, com veracidade para valores superiores a 0,7. Da validação semântica, identificaram-se percentuais acima de 92% para boa compressão dos itens do QAI. Do estudo piloto, obtiveram-se valores entre 0,72 e 0,76 para os 55 itens do questionário, ou seja, boa consistência, o que confirma a fidedignidade da versão brasileira. A versão adaptada culturalmente do QAI no Brasil é fidedigna e válida para avaliar o conhecimento dos pais quanto à alimentação saudável de crianças em idade pré-escolar. E seu uso tem potencial para contribuir para atuação de profissionais com crianças nessa faixa etária e oportunizar a identificação de melhores práticas na alimentação infantil que favoreçam crescimento e desenvolvimento saudáveis. E, ainda, estimular, nas famílias brasileiras, formação e manutenção de hábitos saudáveis, podendo ser um redutor dos quadros de sobrepeso e obesidade infantil no país

In order to compose childcare actions, National Policy for Comprehensive Child Health Care, in its strategic axis II - Breastfeeding and Complementary Healthy Eating - advocates adequate nutrition and access to safe and nutritious food as a child's right to achieve high standards of health. By considering the importance of offering healthy food for growth and development of Brazilian children, scientific evidence about the need to promote beneficial lifestyle habits and the absence of validated national instruments that investigate parents' knowledge about their children's healthy eating, this study had the objective of carrying out the cultural adaptation, in Brazil, of the Infant Feeding Questionnaire (IFQ), for use with parents of children of preschool age. A methodological study was carried out in a medium-sized municipality in the northeast of São Paulo between March and September 2018.To reach the objective, we go through the steps proposed by referential that involved idiomatic standardization of the instrument; expert committee review; retro translation; patient panel; adapted version of the instrument and pilot test. We also performed language standardization in order to maintain understanding of the instrument when culturally adapted in the same language but in different countries. Two Portuguese-speaking professionals evaluated this version and resulting in two versions, which was later synthesized in a single one. The Committee of experts consisted of seven professionals who validated this version with agreement above 80% for 54 of the 55 statements of the IFQ. We accepted the changes because they did not interfere with the IFQ and we obtained the author's approval. Back translation was performed, also with necessary changes to the Brazilian reality and after authorization by the author. For the semantic validation, 30 parents (panel of patients) of children of children enrolled in Child Living Centers (CLC) answered items from the IFQ, which was subdivided into five groups of 11 statements each. Understanding of all items was verified, except for one that is not part of the Brazilian reality; also changed with permission of the author, resulting in the adapted version. Then, we conducted a pilot study with 55 parents from other CLC; they pointed out true or false for all 55 statements in the IFQ. For analysis we used the Kuder-Richardson coefficient (KR20) and a correlation between the items and the total was found with truth for values greater than 0.7. From the semantic validation, we identified percentages above 92% for good compression of the IFQ items. The results of the pilot study indicated values between 0.72 and 0.76 for the 55 questionnaire items. This demonstrated good consistency, which confirms the reliability of the Brazilian version. The culturally adapted version of the IFQ in Brazil is reliable and valid for assessing parent's knowledge of healthy eating in preschool children. Its use has the potential to contribute whit professionals who work with children in this age group and to enable those professionals in order to identify best practices in infant feeding that favor healthy growth and development. It also stimulates, in Brazilian families, the formation and maintenance of healthy habits and may be a reduction of overweight and childhood obesity in the country

A Core Outcome Set for Pediatric Critical Care.

OBJECTIVES: More children are surviving critical illness but are at risk of residual or new health conditions. An evidence-informed and stakeholder-recommended core outcome set is lacking for pediatric critical care outcomes. Our objective was to create a multinational, multistakeholder-recommended pediatric critical care core outcome set for inclusion in clinical and research programs. DESIGN: A two-round modified Delphi electronic survey was conducted with 333 invited research, clinical, and family/advocate stakeholders. Stakeholders completing the first round were invited to participate in the second. Outcomes scoring greater than 69% "critical" and less than 15% "not important" advanced to round 2 with write-in outcomes considered. The Steering Committee held a virtual consensus conference to determine the final components. SETTING: Multinational survey. PATIENTS: Stakeholder participants from six continents representing clinicians, researchers, and family/advocates. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Overall response rates were 75% and 82% for each round. Participants voted on seven Global Domains and 45 Specific Outcomes in round 1, and six Global Domains and 30 Specific Outcomes in round 2. Using overall (three stakeholder groups combined) results, consensus was defined as outcomes scoring greater than 90% "critical" and less than 15% "not important" and were included in the final PICU core outcome set: four Global Domains (Cognitive, Emotional, Physical, and Overall Health) and four Specific Outcomes (Child Health-Related Quality of Life, Pain, Survival, and Communication). Families (n = 21) suggested additional critically important outcomes that did not meet consensus, which were included in the PICU core outcome set-extended. CONCLUSIONS: The PICU core outcome set and PICU core outcome set-extended are multistakeholder-recommended resources for clinical and research programs that seek to improve outcomes for children with critical illness and their families.

Sistema de seguridad en la administración de fármacos en servicios pediátricos hospitalarios / Security system in the administration of drugs in hospital pediatric services

Introducción: La administración de fármacos es una práctica cotidiana de mucha responsabilidad ética, social y jurídica, que depende en gran proporción de la implementación de un sistema de seguridad. Objetivo: Evaluar el sistema de seguridad en la administración de fármacos en servicios pediátricos hospitalarios. Métodos: Investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal realizado en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque de Perú en 2016. Se estudió el universo de enfermeras que laboran en los servicios de hospitalización pediátricos y emergencias, 84 en total. A todas se les aplicó una adaptación del Cuestionario de Autoevaluación del Sistema de Seguridad en la Administración de Fármacos de los hospitales de España. Se calcularon valores absolutos y porcentajes para evaluar el nivel de implementación del sistema. De cada dimensión del cuestionario se hallaron los valores promedios, desviación estándar y valores mínimo y máximo. Resultados: El 40,5 por ciento de las enfermeras consideraron que el sistema de seguridad en la administración de fármacos en las áreas pediátricas se ha implementado parcialmente. Entre las 10 dimensiones de cuestionario, los valores promedios más altos correspondieron a factores del entorno (31,4± 8,3) y competencia y formación profesional (31,4± 8,9). Los promedios más bajos correspondieron a la educación del paciente y familia (9,0 ± 3,5), e información sobre los medicamentos (13,2± 3,8). Conclusiones: El sistema de seguridad en la administración de fármacos en unidades pediátricas del estudio se ha implementado parcialmente. Las dimensiones más críticas son la información sobre el fármaco y al familiar, aspectos que deben ser considerados en un plan de mejora(AU)

Introduction: The administration of drugs is a daily practice that implies big ethical, social and legal responsibilities which depend in a large proportion of a security system´s implementation. Objective: To evaluate the security system in the administration of drugs in hospital pediatric services. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional research carried out at the Regional Hospital Lambayeque of Peru in 2016. It was studied the sample group of nurses (84 in total) working in the pediatric hospitalization and emergencies services. It was applied to all of them an adaptation of the Self-assessment Questionnaire on the Security System in the Administration of drugs in hospitals in Spain. Absolute values and percentages were calculated to assess the level of implementation of the system. For each dimension of the questionnaire, there were found the mean values, the standard deviation, and the minimum and maximum values. Results: 40.5 percent of the nurses considered that the security system in drugs administration in the pediatric areas has been partially implemented. Among the 10 dimensions of the questionnaire, the highest average values corresponded to environment´s factors (31.4 ± 8.3) and to competence and profesional training (31.4 ± 8.9). The lowest averages corresponded to the education of the patient and the family (9.0 ± 3.5), and information on the medicines (13.2 ± 3.8). Conclusions: The security system in the administration of drugs in pediatric units has been implemented partially. The most critical dimensions are the information on the drugs and the family related ones which are aspects that must be considered in an improvements plan(AU)

Guía de medidas generales de bioseguridad en centros de atención de niños, niñas y adolescentes / Guide to general biosafety measures in child and adolescent care centers

La guía enumera y describe las normas generales de seguridad para instituciones de educación, atención y cuidados de niños, niñas y adolescentes que darán soporte a la seguridad interna de cada una de ellas. Incluye recomendaciones sobre los protocolos internos para ingreso, permanencia y retiro de niños, padres, trabajadores y visitantes.

Child mental health care in the context of the Family Health Strategy: an evaluative study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate child's mental health care in the context of the Family Health Strategy, from the professionals' perspective. METHODS: A qualitative case study type, using the Fourth Generation Assessment as a methodological reference. Fourteen professionals from two teams of the Family Health Strategy of Porto Alegre/RS were the participants. Data collection extended from May to August 2018, and consisted of observations and interviews through the dialectical hermeneutic circle, and of analysis through the Constant Comparative Method. RESULTS: The analytical category emerged of Mental Health Care for Children related to home visit, care network, advice, team meeting and space in the medical agenda. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the FHS is an important psychosocial care space and that, at the same time, presents weaknesses in cross-sectorial work and needs support from the mental health services network to accompanying children and families.

Messages clés et actions pour la prévention et le contrôle de la COVID-19 dans les école: mars 2020 / Mensajes y acciones importantes para la prevención y el control del COVID-19 en las escuelas: marzo de 2020 / Key messages and actions for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in schools: March 2020

L'épidémie de maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19) a été déclarée « urgence de santé publique de portée internationale ¼ (USPPI), et le virus touche désormais de nombreux pays et territoires. Bien que beaucoup d'inconnues subsistent concernant le virus à l'origine de la COVID-19, nous savons que celui-ci se transmet par contact direct avec les gouttelettes respiratoires produites par une personne infectée (lorsque celle-ci tousse ou éternue). Une personne peut également être infectée si elle est en contact avec des surfaces contaminées ou si elle se touche le visage (par exemple, les yeux, le nez ou la bouche). Tandis que la COVID-19 continue de se propager, il est essentiel que les communautés prennent des mesures visant à éviter la transmission du virus et à réduire les impacts de l'épidémie, et qu'elles soutiennent les mesures de lutte contre celle-ci.

El brote de enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) ha sido declarado emergencia de salud pública de importancia internacional (ESPII) y el virus se ha propagado a numerosos países y territorios. Aunque el virus que ocasiona el COVID-19 todavía es, en gran parte, desconocido, se sabe que se transmite por el contacto directo con las gotas de la respiración que una persona infectada puede expulsar al toser y estornudar. Además, las personas pueden infectarse al tocar superficies contaminadas con el virus y luego tocarse la cara (por ejemplo, los ojos, la nariz o la boca). Mientras el COVID-19 se siga propagando, es importante que las comunidades tomen medidas para prevenir su transmisión, reducir la repercusión del brote y adoptar medidas de control. La protección de los niños y de los centros educativos es especialmente importante. Es necesario tomar precauciones para prevenir la potencial propagación del COVID-19 en los entornos escolares; sin embargo, hay que tener cuidado de no estigmatizar a los estudiantes y a los miembros del personal que hayan podido estar expuestos al virus. Es importante recordar que el COVID-19 no entiende de fronteras, etnias, condiciones de discapacidad, edad o género. Los centros educativos han de seguir siendo entornos acogedores, respetuosos, inclusivos y solidarios para todos. Las escuelas pueden tomar medidas para impedir la propagación en los centros si algunos estudiantes o miembros del personal han estado expuestos al virus, pero es fundamental minimizar en todo momento cualquier alteración q

BABY-LED WEANING, AN OVERVIEW OF THE NEW APPROACH TO FOOD INTRODUCTION: INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific literature on Baby-Led Weaning with an integrative literature review to identify risks and benefits. DATA SOURCE: The databases used were: National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS - Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and Virtual Health Library (BVS - Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) in December 2017. The inclusion criteria established were publications in English with the descriptor "baby-led weaning" in the heading, abstract, or keywords, classified as original articles, of primary nature, and available online and in full. We excluded review articles, editorials, letters to the editor, critical commentaries, and books on the subject, as well as articles not available in full and duplicates. DATA SUMMARY: We identified 106 articles, of which 17 met the selection criteria. The Baby-Led Weaning method was significantly associated with the baby's satiety, the start of complementary feeding, and adequacy of weight gain. On the other hand, choking and the intake of micronutrients were negatively associated, however with no statistical differences. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the benefits found, the risks still deserve attention and should be investigated with longitudinal randomized controlled studies to ensure the safety of the method when practiced exclusively.

Baby-led weaning, an overview of the new approach to food introduction: integrative literature review / Baby-led weaning, panorama da nova abordagem sobre introdução alimentar: revisão integrativa de literatura

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the scientific literature on Baby-Led Weaning with an integrative literature review to identify risks and benefits. Data source: The databases used were: National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS - Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and Virtual Health Library (BVS - Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) in December 2017. The inclusion criteria established were publications in English with the descriptor "baby-led weaning" in the heading, abstract, or keywords, classified as original articles, of primary nature, and available online and in full. We excluded review articles, editorials, letters to the editor, critical commentaries, and books on the subject, as well as articles not available in full and duplicates. Data summary: We identified 106 articles, of which 17 met the selection criteria. The Baby-Led Weaning method was significantly associated with the baby's satiety, the start of complementary feeding, and adequacy of weight gain. On the other hand, choking and the intake of micronutrients were negatively associated, however with no statistical differences. Conclusions: Despite the benefits found, the risks still deserve attention and should be investigated with longitudinal randomized controlled studies to ensure the safety of the method when practiced exclusively.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a literatura científica referente ao desmame guiado pelo bebê (Baby-Led Weaning) por meio de revisão integrativa de literatura a fim de identificar riscos e benefícios. Fonte de dados: As bases de dados utilizadas foram: National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS); e a busca foi realizada em dezembro de 2017. Os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos foram publicações em inglês com o descritor "baby-led weaning" no título, resumo ou palavras-chave em artigos classificados como originais de natureza primária, disponibilizados online e na íntegra. Excluíram-se artigos de revisão, editoriais, cartas ao editor, comentários críticos e livros abordando o assunto, assim como artigos não disponíveis na íntegra e duplicatas. Síntese dos dados: Identificaram-se 106 artigos, dos quais 17 faziam parte do critério de seleção. O método Baby-Led Weaning teve associação significativa com a saciedade do bebê, início da alimentação complementar e adequação de ganho de peso. Já o engasgo e a ingestão de micronutrientes foram associados negativamente, contudo sem diferenças estatísticas. Conclusões: Apesar dos benefícios apontados, os riscos ainda merecem atenção por meio de pesquisas longitudinais controladas e randomizadas para fornecer mais segurança para a sua prática de forma exclusiva.

Child mental health care in the context of the Family Health Strategy: an evaluative study / Cuidado en salud mental infantil en el contexto de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia: estudio evaluativo / Cuidado em saúde mental infantil no contexto da Estratégia da Saúde da Família: estudo avaliativo

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate child's mental health care in the context of the Family Health Strategy, from the professionals' perspective. Methods: A qualitative case study type, using the Fourth Generation Assessment as a methodological reference. Fourteen professionals from two teams of the Family Health Strategy of Porto Alegre/RS were the participants. Data collection extended from May to August 2018, and consisted of observations and interviews through the dialectical hermeneutic circle, and of analysis through the Constant Comparative Method. Results: The analytical category emerged of Mental Health Care for Children related to home visit, care network, advice, team meeting and space in the medical agenda. Conclusions: The results show that the FHS is an important psychosocial care space and that, at the same time, presents weaknesses in cross-sectorial work and needs support from the mental health services network to accompanying children and families.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la atención de salud mental a niños en el contexto de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia (ESF), desde la perspectiva de los profesionales. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, del tipo estudio de casos, en el que se utilizó la Evaluación de Cuarta Generación como referencial metodológico. Catorce profesionales de dos equipos de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia de Porto Alegre/RS participaron en el estudio. La recolección de datos se registró entre mayo y agosto de 2018, consistió en observaciones y entrevistas a través del círculo hermenéutico dialéctico, y en análisis a través del Método Comparativo Constante. Resultados: Surgió la categoría analítica de Atención de salud mental a niños en relación con: visita domiciliaria, red de atención, asesoramiento, reunión de equipo y espacio en la agenda médica. Conclusiones: Los resultados demuestran que la ESF es un importante espacio de atención psicosocial, al mismo tiempo que presenta debilidades en el trabajo intersectorial y necesita el apoyo de la red de servicios de salud mental para acompañar a los niños y a las familias.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o cuidado em saúde mental à criança no contexto da Estratégia de Saúde da Família - ESF, a partir da perspectiva dos profissionais. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, tipo estudo de caso, utilizou-se a Avaliação de Quarta Geração como referencial metodológico. Participaram 14 profissionais de duas equipes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Porto Alegre/RS. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre maio e agosto de 2018, consistiu em observação e entrevista através do círculo hermenêutico dialético, e análise através do Método Comparativo Constante. Resultados: Emergiu a categoria analítica Cuidado de Saúde Mental destinado à Criança relacionada visita domiciliar, rede de cuidados, matriciamento, reunião de equipe e espaço na agenda médica. Conclusões: Os resultados demonstram que a ESF se constitui em um importante espaço de cuidado psicossocial, ao mesmo tempo encontra fragilidades no trabalho intersetorial e necessita de apoio da rede de serviços de saúde mental para o acompanhamento de crianças e famílias.

Qualidade microbiológica de produtos de origem animal encaminhados para alimentação escolar / Microbiological quality of animal products sent to school feeding

Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos (DTA) estão associadas ao consumo de alimentos e água contaminados por microrganismos patogênicos, sendo alguns desses grupos utilizados como indicadores dos cuidados higiênico-sanitários e empregados nos produtos de origem animal (POA). O objetivo foi avaliar a qualidade higiênico-sanitária dos POA encaminhados para alimentação escolar no município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. As coletas foram realizadas no posto de distribuição da Secretaria de Educação. Foram coletadas cinco amostras de todos os lotes de leite UHT, bebida láctea e filés de frango que deram entrada no período de onze meses, totalizando cinquenta e cinco amostras. Os produtos foram avaliados quanto aos padrões microbiológicos da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Além dessas análises foram realizadas pesquisa da presença de Campylobacter e de Salmonella nos produtos de frango. Foi aplicada uma lista de verificação das boas práticas de armazenamento. Todas as amostras estavam dentro dos padrões microbiológicos admitidos pela ANVISA, entretanto Salmonella foi detectada em quatro amostras de filés de frango. Campylobacter não foi isolado de nenhuma amostra. As condições de armazenamento foram consideradas ruins, apresentando 72,4% de não conformidades, especialmente nos quesitos temperatura e condições de armazenamento. A presença de Salmonella pode oferecer risco à saúde das crianças que venham a consumir filé de frango.(AU)

Foodborne Diseases (FBD) are associated with the consumption of food and water contaminated by pathogenic micro-organisms. Some groups of micro-organisms are used as indicators of employment sanitary hygienic care employees in animal products. The objective was to evaluate the sanitary hygienic quality of animal products sent to school feeding pellets. Samples were collected in the distribution station of the Department of Education in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brasil. Five samples were collected from all batches of UHT milk, milk drinks and chicken fillets which were received in the period of eleven months, reaching fifty-five samples. Products were evaluated for the microbiological standards of the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). In addition to these analyzes were performed for the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in chicken products. A checklist of good storage practices was applied. All samples were within the microbiological standards accepted by ANVISA, however Salmonella was detected in four samples of chicken fillet. Campylobacter was not isolated from any sample. The storage conditions were considered bad, presenting 72.4% of nonconformities, especially in the temperature and storage conditions. The presence of Salmonella can pose a risk to the health of children that will consume chicken fillet.(AU)

Assessing Child Health and Health Care in the U.S. Virgin Islands Using the National Survey of Children's Health.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the health and health care experiences of children in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), assess differences by household poverty status, and provide comparisons to the general U.S. child population. METHODS: Data are from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health, which included 2342 USVI children, aged 0-17 years. Parent-reported measures of health status and health conditions, behavioral characteristics, and health care access and utilization were assessed. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated and compared by household poverty status using Chi square tests. RESULTS: Overall, 31.3% of USVI children lived in households below 100% of the federal poverty level (FPL). Children in these low-income households were more likely to have public insurance (33.0% vs. 8.4%) and unmet health needs (11.6% vs. 6.3%) as compared to those in households with incomes ≥ 100% FPL (all p < 0.01). They were also less likely to have a medical home (22.5% vs. 42.2%), including a usual source of sick care (p < 0.01). Compared with U.S. children in general, USVI children had lower rates of preventive medical visits, preventive dental visits, and care received in a medical home. CONCLUSIONS: USVI children experience challenges in accessing and utilizing health care services, particularly those in low-income households, and fare worse than U.S. children on many of these measures. These findings will serve as a baseline comparison for an upcoming survey of maternal and child health to be conducted in eight U.S. territories including the USVI.

In Sickness and Health: Views on Child Health From a Mayan Village.

INTRODUCTION: Guatemala is the only country in Central America with a majority indigenous population. Most indigenous Mayans prefer to seek health advice from family members. It is important to understand the beliefs of Mayan caregivers. The purpose of this study was to examine indigenous ways of explaining health and illness in the context of one Mayan village. METHOD: We applied a qualitative descriptive design in summer 2017. Interviews were conducted in Spanish with 10 Mayan caregivers, who were primarily female, between ages 19 and 50 years, in Guatemala. The sample was drawn from families who received a water filter the previous year. RESULTS: Health was explained by access to food, including local herbs, and clean water. Illness was explained by bodily symptoms and behavioral changes. DISCUSSION: Findings align with several United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and suggest a need to strategize with global partners.