ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Facial contouring procedures become popular in recent years, but there has been no bibliometric analysis focused on this field. OBJECTIVE: Construct visualization maps and analyze the hotspots and current trends in this field using bibliometric analysis. METHODS: Publications on facial contouring procedures were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2003 to 2022. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and "Bibliometrix" R package were used to analyze data. RESULTS: Seven hundred and twenty-one publications on facial contouring procedures between 2003 and 2022 were included. The United States was the leading country both in publications (206) and citations (3941). Shanghai Jiao Tong University was the institution with the greatest contribution (35 publications with 379 citations). Hu J (17 publications) from China had the most outputs, while the most cited author was Rohrich RJ (321 citations) from the United States. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery (135 documents) published the most research, and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery was the most cited journal (2755 citations). The most cited article focused on virtual surgical planning in mandibular reconstruction. Keywords co-occurrence analysis identified five clusters centered on "reconstruction," "augmentation," "reduction malarplasty," "face rejuvenation," and "orthognathic surgery," separately. "Hyaluronic acid," "facial feminization," and "orthognathic surgery" might be related to trend topics. CONCLUSIONS: The research on facial contouring procedures is booming. In the past 2 decades, hotspots in this field included: facial defects reconstruction, facial augmentation cosmetology, facial skeletal contour plasty, and facial rejuvenation surgery. The following aspects may be trend frontiers: precision and personalization, combined treatments, transgender facial contour, and facial contour shaping with fat and hyaluronic acid.
Subject(s)
Bibliometrics , Face , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Humans , Face/surgery , Cosmetic Techniques/trends , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Social media has fostered a landscape where trends, ideals, and beauty standards have significantly proliferated. Images of flawless skin, sculpted features, and curated aesthetics inundate user feeds, potentially shaping their self-perceptions and aspirations. The rise of influencers, dermatologist social media engagement, and beauty campaigns sharing skincare routines and product recommendations wield substantial influence over individual appearance-related decisions. AIMS: The main aim of this study is to determine the pattern of behavior in using social media to seek dermatological procedures and skin care routine. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide, online cross-sectional study targeting the general Saudi population. Our survey aimed to understand participant social media behaviors and gather insights into skincare products, cosmetic procedures, and makeup habits. RESULTS: Gender-related differences emerged in seeking skincare advice. Females preferred dermatologists on social media (p < 0.001) and beauty influencers (p < 0.001), whereas men leaned towards pharmacists (p < 0.001). Women displayed stronger engagement with dermatologist social media reputation regarding non-cosmetic concerns (p < 0.001), education (p < 0.001), and social media impact on cosmetic decisions (p = 0.001). They frequently sought dermatologists on social media before appointments (p = 0.001), whereas men emphasized dermatologists' fame (p = 0.024). Common cosmetic barriers included high costs (62.5%), complications (40.3%), and trust issues (40.2%). Women underwent various cosmetic procedures (p < 0.05), influenced by social media in their decisions and skincare routines. CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals significant gender-based disparities in seeking skincare advice. Women rely on social media, clinics, friends, and beauty influencers, whereas men prefer pharmacists. Additionally, women depend on dermatologists' social media reputation and conduct thorough pre-appointment research. Their heightened social media engagement links to skincare practices and influences cosmetic procedure considerations based on age and usage frequency.
Subject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques , Skin Care , Social Media , Humans , Social Media/statistics & numerical data , Saudi Arabia , Female , Male , Cross-Sectional Studies , Adult , Middle Aged , Skin Care/methods , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Cosmetic Techniques/psychology , Sex Factors , Young Adult , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data , Dermatologists/statistics & numerical data , Dermatologists/psychology , Adolescent , Public Opinion , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Pharmacists/psychology , Pharmacists/statistics & numerical data , AgedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Dermal fillers augment soft tissues by replacing lost volume in the skin or subcutaneous fat. Dentists and other professionals utilize or recommend facial fillers for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes. AIMS: This study aims to investigate public awareness regarding using nonsurgical facial dermal fillers in Saudi Arabia. METHODS AND MATERIAL: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire distributed to a total of 400 males and females through social media platforms. The participants reside in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were employed for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 256 participants completed the survey, including 204 females and 51 males, with a mean age of 33.86 (SD = 10.5) years. Among the participants, 88 (34.4%) reported using facial fillers. Among them, only 46 (18%) were frequent consumers. Knowledge regarding correctly using facial fillers was generally high, especially for the lips (240, 94%), chin augmentation (203, 79.3%), and face lifting (226, 88.3%). However, participants' knowledge needed improvement in other areas. Most participants were aware of the side effects, except for visual impairment (83, 32.4%) and blockage of the vessels (128, 50%). CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlighted a remarkable level of knowledge among participants regarding the uses of fillers. However, participants demonstrated low awareness of all possible side effects associated with the treatment. Participants had valid reasons for undergoing facial treatments. However, constraints preventing them from pursuing fillers included fear of unexpected results and financial limitations.
Subject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques , Dermal Fillers , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Female , Cross-Sectional Studies , Saudi Arabia , Dermal Fillers/administration & dosage , Adult , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Middle Aged , Young Adult , FaceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The field of aesthetic medicine has expanded substantially in the past decade, with significant practitioner diversification and departure from core-specialty supervision. The increased autonomy of nonphysician practitioners in a rapidly evolving field has raised accentuated the importance of scientific literacy and practice-based learning standards in the delivery of aesthetic medical care. OBJECTIVE: To assess the degree of scientific literacy among aesthetic medicine practitioners of different educational and training backgrounds in the United States and abroad. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 52 national and international aesthetic medicine practitioners employing a validated, 28-item, scientific literacy tool. RESULTS: The average score for all participants was 76% (SD = 18%, range = 43%-100%). Physician practitioners scored higher in all competencies compared non-physicians (86% vs 68%, p < 0.001), with a greater discrepancy among US practitioners (95% vs 71%, p < 0.001). Competencies relating to identification of bias/confounding variables, graphical data representation, and statistical inference/correlation showed the lowest proficiency. Practitioners with a doctorate or equivalent degree were significantly more likely to report frequent engagement with medical literature than non-physicians ( p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: There exists a significant disparity in scientific literacy between physician and nonphysician aesthetic medicine practitioners. This gap underscores the need for enhanced educational programs and continuous professional development to ensure safe and effective patient care in the evolving field of aesthetic medicine.
Subject(s)
Clinical Competence , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , United States , Female , Male , Surgery, Plastic/education , Adult , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data , EstheticsSubject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques/adverse effects , Dermal Fillers/adverse effects , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology , Hyaluronic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing/statistics & numerical data , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermal Fillers/administration & dosage , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/etiology , Humans , Hyaluronic Acid/administration & dosage , Hyaluronic Acid/adverse effects , Lip , Time FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Injecting dermal fillers in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRDs) is controversial. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the attitudes of patients with AIIRDs regarding the use of dermal fillers and the side effects of those who underwent them. METHODS: Patients with AIIRDs who attended a rheumatology outpatient clinic between 2016 and 2018 filled in a questionnaire about their attitudes toward dermal filler injections. The questionnaire evaluated information received from professionals and the factors that influenced their decision of whether or not to undergo the procedures. RESULTS: Overall, 194 patients with AIIRDs (mean age 56.5 ± 14.0, 99% women) responded. Forty-two of them had previously undergone the injections and intended to repeat them (Group A), 37 had not received filler injections but intended to do so (Group B), and 114 who had never undergone them did not intend to undergo them. The major motivation for undergoing filler injections was social. Patients treated with dermal fillers refrained from informing their rheumatologist about their injections. They were, however, highly satisfied with the procedure and reported negligible side effects. CONCLUSION: The use of dermal fillers was apparently safe and well received by patients with AIIRDs. Physicians' recommendations to refrain from injecting them with dermal fillers should be reconsidered and evaluated in clinical studies.
Subject(s)
Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Cosmetic Techniques/psychology , Dermal Fillers/administration & dosage , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Autoimmune Diseases/immunology , Cosmetic Techniques/adverse effects , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermal Fillers/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Intention , Male , Middle Aged , Rheumatic Diseases/immunology , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data , Young AdultSubject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Cosmetic Techniques/trends , Eye/anatomy & histology , Masks/standards , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Botulinum Toxins/administration & dosage , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/transmission , Communicable Disease Control/standards , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermal Fillers/administration & dosage , Esthetics , Female , Humans , Male , Pandemics/prevention & control , RejuvenationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising is a prominent type of health care communication. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the impact of DTC advertisements on consumer opinion. METHODS: A total of 203 participants were recruited from dermatology clinics at an urban academic center. Participants viewed 2 cosmetically oriented DTC advertisements, and prequestionnaires and postquestionnaires were administered to assess consumer opinion. RESULTS: Postquestionnaire data highlight a 18.8% and 24.6% increase in participants reporting using commercials as an information source (p < .001) and seeking out additional medical knowledge (p < .001), respectively. After watching the advertisements, there was a 14.4% increase in participants who believed advertisements facilitate better discussions between patients and physicians (p < .001) and a 33% increase in patients reporting they would discuss the procedures with their doctors (p < .001). Of the participants, 60% believed the advertisements did not provide enough information about the possible risks of the product and 39.4% believed a physician was not required to perform cosmetic procedures. CONCLUSION: Direct-to-consumer advertisements instill meaningful information to patients and promote patient-physician communication. They also seem to exaggerate the benefits while making the procedures seem simple and without risks, suggesting trained medical professionals are not needed for administration.
Subject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques/psychology , Direct-to-Consumer Advertising , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Adult , Attitude , Cosmetic Techniques/economics , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Physician-Patient Relations , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical dataSubject(s)
Botulinum Toxins, Type A/adverse effects , Cosmetic Techniques/adverse effects , Dermal Fillers/adverse effects , Lasers, Semiconductor/adverse effects , Low-Level Light Therapy/adverse effects , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Combined Modality Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermal Fillers/administration & dosage , Face , Female , Humans , Low-Level Light Therapy/instrumentation , Low-Level Light Therapy/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultSubject(s)
COVID-19 , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermatologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Fellowships and Scholarships , Aftercare/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19/epidemiology , Clinical Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Dermatologic Surgical Procedures/education , Dermatology/education , Education, Distance , Employment/statistics & numerical data , Fellowships and Scholarships/standards , Humans , SARS-CoV-2 , Societies, Medical , Surveys and Questionnaires , United StatesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recent changes to the plastic surgery residency training requirements along with a general call for expanded education in cosmetic surgery have encouraged many institutions to incorporate resident aesthetic clinics into their curricula. Although the safety and satisfaction rates of resident aesthetic clinics have been well-studied, their financial viability has not. This study reviews the financial viability of the resident aesthetic clinic at the authors' institution through a cost analysis. METHODS: Billing data were analyzed for all patient visits to the resident aesthetic clinic of the authors' institution during calendar year 2018. Data were extracted, including type and anatomical location of each procedure, charges collected, and supplies used. A financial analysis was performed based on fixed and variable costs and gross revenue. RESULTS: A total of 100 unique patients were seen in the clinic over a 1-year period, resulting in 53 operations. This included 15 face, four breast, and 34 body contouring procedures. In addition, 160 cosmetic injections were performed. The gross revenue was $69,955 and the net revenue was $36,600. CONCLUSIONS: The resident aesthetic clinic at the authors' institution proved to be financially viable. The authors encourage other institutions to more closely examine the financial state of their resident aesthetic clinics as well. Furthermore, the authors hope that this analysis demonstrates to other programs that, with certain practice models, cost should not be a barrier to initiating and maintaining this valuable training tool.
Subject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques/economics , Internship and Residency/economics , Plastic Surgery Procedures/economics , Student Run Clinic/economics , Surgery, Plastic/education , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Costs and Cost Analysis/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Internship and Residency/organization & administration , Internship and Residency/statistics & numerical data , Plastic Surgery Procedures/education , Plastic Surgery Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Student Run Clinic/organization & administration , Student Run Clinic/statistics & numerical data , Surgery, Plastic/organization & administrationSubject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques/trends , Nurse Practitioners/organization & administration , Physician Assistants/organization & administration , Professional Role , Surgery, Plastic/trends , Cosmetic Techniques/economics , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Esthetics , Humans , Medicare/economics , Nurse Practitioners/statistics & numerical data , Nurse Practitioners/trends , Physician Assistants/statistics & numerical data , Physician Assistants/trends , Surgery, Plastic/economics , Surgery, Plastic/organization & administration , Surgery, Plastic/statistics & numerical data , United StatesSubject(s)
Beauty Culture/trends , Cosmetic Techniques/trends , Dermatology/trends , Information Seeking Behavior , Beauty Culture/statistics & numerical data , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermatology/statistics & numerical data , Geography , Humans , United States , Web Browser/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Patients use social media to find information about cosmetic procedures, yet dermatologists historically lack a social media presence. Misleading information from nonexperts is potentially harmful. OBJECTIVE: To identify the top influencers posting about nonsurgical cosmetic procedures on Instagram, verify their credentials, and analyze their content to empower dermatologists to effectively join the online conversation, combat harmful misinformation, and preserve the expertise and influence of board-certified dermatologists. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Using the Klear marketing platform, Instagram influencers with more than 50,000 followers were identified. Influence rating, top posts, and other metrics were extracted using proprietary algorithms. RESULTS: Ninety nine influencers were identified. Of the top 10, 70% were board-certified plastic surgeons. Physicians not board-certified in a core cosmetic specialty had the highest influencer rating and number of followers. The most popular posts were of before and after photographs and personal posts. CONCLUSION: Dermatologists may be able to increase their Instagram footprint by posting frequently, especially of before and after and personal photographs, using hashtags, Instagram live and Instagram television, and Instagram stories. It is important for the dermatology community to find a way to ethically navigate social media to have a seat at the table and meet patients where they are.
Subject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermatologists/statistics & numerical data , Information Dissemination/methods , Marketing of Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Social Media/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Cosmetic Techniques/economics , Dermatologists/economics , Female , Humans , Male , Social Media/economics , Young AdultSubject(s)
Body Dissatisfaction/psychology , COVID-19/psychology , Cosmetic Techniques/standards , Cosmetics/supply & distribution , Botulinum Toxins/administration & dosage , Botulinum Toxins/supply & distribution , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/virology , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Cosmetics/administration & dosage , Dermal Fillers/administration & dosage , Dermal Fillers/supply & distribution , Health Occupations/ethics , Humans , Patient Safety , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , State Medicine/organization & administrationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The reallocation of health care resources to focus on the acute care needs of COVID-19 patients leads to a delay and deferral of outpatient surgical procedures such as Mohs surgery. OBJECTIVE: Planning for the resumption of regular outpatient surgical care and preparing for future surges in COVID-19 cases requires identifying surrogate markers of health care demand. MATERIALS AND METHODS: United States national and state-based Google search data for "Mohs surgery" and other common elective surgical and cosmetic procedures were evaluated. These were compared with national and state-wide COVID-19 case number and death data from the Johns Hopkins University. Pearson correlation coefficients were generated to assess the association between COVID-19 cases and deaths with Google search trends. RESULTS: Search volume for "Mohs surgery" and other elective surgical and cosmetic procedures significantly decreased as the number of new deaths from COVID-19 increased. Statistically significant inverse correlation was noted between "Mohs surgery" search volume and new COVID-19 deaths on a national and state-based level. CONCLUSION: Search metric analysis may be used as part of a big data model to help predict health care demand during the reopening phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Attitude to Health , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Elective Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Mohs Surgery/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , United States/epidemiologySubject(s)
COVID-19 , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dermatology/statistics & numerical data , Patient Preference/statistics & numerical data , Adult , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , SARS-CoV-2 , Surveys and Questionnaires , United StatesSubject(s)
Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Cosmetic Techniques/trends , Neuromuscular Agents/administration & dosage , Adult , Age Factors , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/standards , Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic , Cosmetic Techniques/standards , Cosmetic Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Esthetics , Face , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuromuscular Agents/standards , Patient Satisfaction , Rejuvenation , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Since the approval of Sculptra Aesthetic, the amount of sterile water used to reconstitute the product has gradually increased in clinical practice. A retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate patient safety associated with a larger reconstitution volume, and to investigate specific parameters for how Sculptra Aesthetic is used in a real-world clinical setting. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the safety of Sculptra Aesthetic when using a reconstitution volume of 7 to 10 mL, via collection of adverse events related to the product or injection procedure reported in medical records. METHODS: This was a multi-center, retrospective chart review conducted in the US. Medical records for subjects treated in the facial area with Sculptra Aesthetic reconstituted to 7–10 mL were reviewed to obtain information about demographics, treatment data, and adverse events. Each injector completed a questionnaire regarding reconstitution and injection procedures generally used. RESULTS: There were 4483 treatments performed in 1002 subjects; nearly half (48%) had 3 or 4 treatments during the studied period. Subjects most commonly received treatment in the midface/cheek area (97%), temple (94%), and jawline (54%). All injectors indicated adding lidocaine to the solution, resulting in total volumes of 8–10 mL. Adverse events were reported by 3.6% of subjects, all mild in intensity. Nodules were reported by 4 subjects (0.4%). CONCLUSION: The low number of AEs reported in this retrospective chart review suggests that facial aesthetic treatment with PLLA reconstituted to a final volume of 8–10 mL, including anesthetics, is associated with a favorable risk benefit ratio. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(1):18-22. doi:10.36849/JDD.5631.