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1.
Osteoporos Int ; 35(6): 1019-1027, 2024 Jun.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38448781

Bone mineral density measured at the ultra-distal forearm site was associated with any fracture, as well as distal radius fracture in women from a longitudinal cohort study. PURPOSE: Femoral neck (BMDhip) and lumbar spine (BMDspine) bone mineral density (BMD) are routinely used to assess fracture risk. More data are needed to understand how ultra-distal forearm BMD (BMDUDforearm) may assist fracture prediction. METHODS: Using a Lunar DPX-L, Geelong Osteoporosis Study women (n = 1026), aged 40-90 years, had BMD measured. Incident low-trauma fractures were radiologically verified. Using Cox proportional hazard models, hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for BMDUDforearm as a continuous variable (expressed as a one-unit decrease in T-score) and a categorical variable (normal/osteopenia/osteoporosis). Areas under receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) curves were calculated. Analyses were conducted for any fracture and distal radius fractures. RESULTS: During 14,270 person-years of follow-up, there were 318 fractures (85 distal radius). In adjusted models, continuous BMDUDforearm was associated with any (HR 1.26;95%CI 1.15-1.39) and distal radius fractures (HR 1.59;95%CI 1.38-1.83). AUROCs for continuous BMDUDforearm, 33% forearm(BMD33%forearm), BMDhip, BMDspine, and FRAX without BMD were similar for any fracture (p > 0.05). For distal radius fracture, the AUROC for BMDUDforearm was higher than other sites and FRAX (p < 0.05). In adjusted models, those with osteoporosis had a higher likelihood of any fracture (HR 2.12; 95%CI 1.50-2.98). For distal radius fractures, both osteopenia and osteoporosis had a higher risk (HR 4.31; 95%CI 2.59-7.15 and 4.81; 95%CI 2.70-8.58). AUROCs for any fracture were similar for categorical BMD at all sites but lower for FRAX (p < 0.05). For distal radius fractures, the AUROC for BMDUDforearm, was higher than other sites and FRAX (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ultra-distal forearm BMD may aid risk assessments for any distal radius fractures.


Absorptiometry, Photon , Bone Density , Forearm , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal , Osteoporotic Fractures , Radius Fractures , Humans , Female , Bone Density/physiology , Aged , Osteoporotic Fractures/physiopathology , Osteoporotic Fractures/epidemiology , Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology , Middle Aged , Radius Fractures/epidemiology , Radius Fractures/physiopathology , Radius Fractures/etiology , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Forearm/physiopathology , Forearm/physiology , Absorptiometry, Photon/methods , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/physiopathology , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/complications , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/epidemiology , Risk Assessment/methods , Incidence , Femur Neck/physiopathology , Longitudinal Studies
2.
J Orthop Res ; 42(7): 1509-1518, 2024 Jul.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38414415

This study aimed to investigate deformity patterns that cause clinical impairments and determine the acceptable range of deformity in the treatment of forearm diaphyseal fractures. A three-dimensional (3D) deformity analysis based on computed bone models was performed on 39 patients with malunited diaphyseal both-bone forearm fractures to investigate the 3D deformity patterns of the radius and ulna at the fracture location and the relationship between 3D deformity and clinical impairments. Clinical impairments were evaluated using forearm motion deficit. Cutoff values of forearm deformities were calculated by performing receiver operating characteristic analysis using the deformity angle and the limited forearm rotation range of motion (less than 50° of pronation or supination) resulting in activities of daily living (ADL) impairment as variables. The extension, varus, and pronation deformities most commonly occurred in the radius, whereas the extension deformity was commonly observed in the ulna. A positive correlation was observed between pronation deficit and extension deformity of the radius (R = 0.41) and between supination deficit and pronation deformity of the ulna (R = 0.44). In contrast, a negative correlation was observed between pronation deficit and pronation deformity of the radius (R = -0.44) and between pronation deficit and pronation deformity of the ulna (R = -0.51). To minimize ADL impairment, radial extension deformity should be <18.4°, radial rotation deformity <12.8°, and ulnar rotation deformity <16.6°. The deformities in the sagittal and axial planes of the radius and in the axial plane of the ulna were responsible for the limited forearm rotation.


Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adolescent , Aged , Range of Motion, Articular , Radius Fractures/physiopathology , Forearm/abnormalities , Forearm/physiopathology , Ulna Fractures/complications , Ulna Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Ulna Fractures/physiopathology , Pronation , Supination , Activities of Daily Living , Ulna/abnormalities , Radius/abnormalities , Radius/diagnostic imaging
3.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 13509, 2022 08 05.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35931722

Each year 65% of young athletes and 25% of physically active adults suffer from at least one musculoskeletal injury that prevents them from continuing with physical activity, negatively influencing their physical and mental well-being. The treatment of musculoskeletal injuries with the adhesive elastic kinesiology tape (KT) decreases the recovery time. Patients can thus recommence physical exercise earlier. Here, a novel KT based on auxetic structures is proposed to simplify the application procedure and allow personalization. This novel KT exploits the form-fitting property of auxetics as well as their ability to simultaneously expand in two perpendicular directions when stretched. The auxetic contribution is tuned by optimizing the structure design using analytical equations and experimental measurements. A reentrant honeycomb topology is selected to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach. Prototypes of auxetic KT to treat general elbow pains and muscle tenseness in the forearm are developed.


Athletes , Athletic Injuries/psychology , Athletic Injuries/therapy , Athletic Tape , Kinesiology, Applied/methods , Musculoskeletal System/injuries , Adult , Athletes/psychology , Athletic Injuries/physiopathology , Exercise/physiology , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Kinesiology, Applied/education , Wounds and Injuries/physiopathology , Wounds and Injuries/psychology , Wounds and Injuries/therapy
4.
J Fam Pract ; 70(6): 303, 2021 07.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34431778

THE COMPARISON: A Elbow and forearm with erythematous, well-demarcated, pink plaques with mild micaceous scale in a 42-year-old White woman. B Elbow and forearm with violaceous, well-demarcated plaques with micaceous scale and hyperpigmented patches around the active plaques in a 58-year-old Black man.


Elbow/physiopathology , Forearm/physiopathology , Psoriasis/diagnosis , Psoriasis/physiopathology , Skin Pigmentation , Adult , Black or African American , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psoriasis/epidemiology , United States/epidemiology , White People
5.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 13897, 2021 07 06.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34230504

This study aimed to compare the contact area, mean pressure, and peak pressure of the radiocapitellar joint (RCJ) in the upper limb after transradial amputation with those of the normal upper limb during elbow flexion and forearm rotation. Testing was performed using ten fresh-frozen upper limbs, and the transradial amputation was performed 5 cm proximal to the radial styloid process. The specimens were connected to a custom-designed apparatus for testing. A pressure sensor was inserted into the RCJ. The biomechanical indices of the RCJ were measured during elbow flexion and forearm rotation in all specimens. There was no significant difference in the contact area between the normal and transradial amputated upper limbs. However, in the upper limbs after transradial amputation, the mean pressure was higher than that in the normal upper limbs at all positions of elbow flexion and forearm rotation. The peak pressure was significantly higher in the upper limbs after transradial amputation than in the normal upper limbs, and was especially increased during pronation at 45° of elbow flexion. In conclusion, these results could cause cartilage erosion in the RCJ of transradial amputees. Thus, methods to reduce the pressure of the RCJ should be considered when a myoelectric prosthesis is developed.


Amputation, Surgical , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Motion , Pressure , Radius/physiopathology , Radius/surgery , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Computer Simulation , Female , Femur/physiopathology , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Range of Motion, Articular , Rotation
6.
J Pediatr Orthop ; 41(Suppl 1): S1-S5, 2021 Jul 01.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34096530

BACKGROUND: While management recommendations for distal radius fractures in both young and skeletally mature patients have been generally well-established, controversy still exists regarding optimal management in adolescent patients approaching skeletal maturity. Thus, the goal of this review is to analyze relevant literature and provide expert recommendations regarding the management of distal radius fractures in this patient population. METHODS: A PubMed search was performed to identify literature pertaining to distal radius fractures in adolescent patients, defined as 11 to 14 years in girls and 13 to 15 years in boys. Relevant articles were selected and summarized. RESULTS: Distal radius fractures demonstrate significant potential for remodeling of angular deformity and bayonet apposition, even in patients older than 12 years of age. Rotational forearm range of motion and functional outcomes are acceptable with up to 15 degrees of residual angulation. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning reduces fracture redisplacement but has a high associated complication rate. There is no literature comparing plate versus pin fixation of distal radius fractures in the pediatric population, but in adults plate fixation is associated with higher cost with no improvement in long-term functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Remodeling can still be expected to occur in adolescent patients, and even with residual deformity functional outcomes after distal radius fractures are excellent. Up to 15 degrees of residual angulation can be accepted before considering operative management. Smooth pins should be considered over plates as first-line operative management for unstable fractures that fail nonoperative treatment.


Bone Nails , Bone Plates , Forearm , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Radius Fractures/surgery , Adolescent , Adolescent Development , Bone Remodeling , Female , Forearm/growth & development , Forearm/physiopathology , Fracture Fixation, Internal/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Humans , Male , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Range of Motion, Articular , Recovery of Function
7.
J Pediatr Orthop ; 41(Suppl 1): S14-S19, 2021 Jul 01.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34096532

INTRODUCTION: The transition from pediatric to adolescent fractures can lead to uncertainty on what level of surgical correction is warranted as remodeling is limited in these older patients. DISCUSSION: Adolescent diaphyseal radial shaft fractures present several unique challenges; the radial bow must be restored to preserve forearm rotation and there are several clinical scenarios where plating, even in the skeletally immature child, is strongly recommended and will have more reliable results over flexible intramedullary nails. In addition, judging how much angulation, rotation, and displacement will remodel in the older child can be a challenging decision, even for experienced pediatric orthopaedists. CONCLUSION: This overview discusses parameters for acceptable alignment in these fractures, when surgical fixation should be considered, and circumstances where plating should be considered over flexible nails.


Forearm , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Patient Selection , Radius Fractures/surgery , Radius , Adolescent , Age Factors , Bone Nails , Bone Plates , Child , Child Development , Female , Forearm/growth & development , Forearm/physiopathology , Fracture Fixation, Internal/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/instrumentation , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/methods , Humans , Male , Radius/growth & development , Radius/surgery
8.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 12: 568454, 2021.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34122326

Background: Bone parameters derived from HR-pQCT have been investigated on a parameter-by-parameter basis for different clinical conditions. However, little is known regarding the interrelationships of bone parameters and the spatial distribution of these interrelationships. In this work: 1) we investigate compartmental interrelationships of bone parameters; 2) assess the spatial distribution of interrelationships of bone parameters; and 3) compare interrelationships of bone parameters between postmenopausal women with and without a recent Colles' fracture. Methods: Images from the unaffected radius in fracture cases (n=84), and from the non-dominant radius of controls (n=98) were obtained using HR-pQCT. Trabecular voxel-based maps of local bone volume fraction (L.Tb.BV/TV), homogenized volumetric bone mineral density (H.Tb.BMD), homogenized µFEA-derived strain energy density (H.Tb.SED), and homogenized inter-trabecular distances (H.Tb.1/N) were generated; as well as surface-based maps of apparent cortical bone thickness (Surf.app.Ct.Th), porosity-weighted cortical bone thickness (Surf.Ct.SIT), mean cortical BMD (Surf.Ct.BMD), and mean cortical SED (Surf.Ct.SED). Anatomical correspondences across the parametric maps in the study were established via spatial normalization to a common template. Mean values of the parametric maps before spatial normalization were used to assess compartmental Spearman's rank partial correlations of bone parameters (e.g., between H.Tb.BMD and L.Tb.BV/TV or between Surf.Ct.BMD and Surf.app.Ct.Th). Spearman's rank partial correlations were also assessed for each voxel and vertex of the spatially normalized parametric maps, thus generating maps of Spearman's rank partial correlation coefficients. Correlations were performed independently within each group, and compared between groups using the Fisher's Z transformation. Results: All within-group global trabecular and cortical Spearman's rank partial correlations were significant; and the correlations of H.Tb.BMD-L.Tb.BV/TV, H.Tb.BMD-H.Tb.1/N, L.Tb.BV/TV-H.Tb.1/N, Surf.Ct.BMD-Surf.Ct.SED and Surf.Ct.SIT-Surf.Ct.SED were significantly different between controls and fracture cases. The spatial analyses revealed significant heterogeneous voxel- and surface-based correlation coefficient maps across the distal radius for both groups; and the correlation maps of H.Tb.BMD-L.Tb.BV/TV, H.Tb.BMD-H.Tb.1/N, L.Tb.BV/TV-H.Tb.1/N, H.Tb.1/N-H.Tb.SED and Surf.app.Ct.Th - Surf.Ct.SIT yielded small clusters of significant correlation differences between groups. Discussion: The heterogeneous spatial distribution of interrelationships of bone parameters assessing density, microstructure, geometry and biomechanics, along with their global and local differences between controls and fracture cases, may help us further understand different bone mechanisms of bone fracture.


Bone Density/physiology , Bone and Bones , Colles' Fracture , Aged , Biomechanical Phenomena , Bone and Bones/pathology , Bone and Bones/physiopathology , Bone and Bones/ultrastructure , Carpal Bones/diagnostic imaging , Carpal Bones/pathology , Carpal Bones/physiopathology , Carpal Bones/ultrastructure , Case-Control Studies , Colles' Fracture/diagnosis , Colles' Fracture/etiology , Colles' Fracture/pathology , Colles' Fracture/physiopathology , Female , Forearm/diagnostic imaging , Forearm/physiopathology , Forearm Injuries/diagnosis , Forearm Injuries/pathology , Forearm Injuries/physiopathology , Humans , Middle Aged , Minnesota , Porosity , Radius/diagnostic imaging , Radius/pathology , Radius/physiopathology , Radius/ultrastructure , Spatial Analysis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Wrist Joint/diagnostic imaging , Wrist Joint/pathology , Wrist Joint/physiopathology , Wrist Joint/ultrastructure
10.
BMC Anesthesiol ; 21(1): 164, 2021 05 29.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34051737

BACKGROUND: An increase in blood flow in the forearm arteries has been reported after brachial plexus block (BPB). However, few studies have quantitatively analysed the blood flow of the forearm arteries after BPB or have studied only partial haemodynamic parameters. The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively assess blood flow changes in the distal radial artery (RA) and ulnar artery (UA) after BPB performed via a new costoclavicular space (CCS) approach using colour Doppler ultrasound. METHODS: Thirty patients who underwent amputated finger replantation and received ultrasound-guided costoclavicular BPB were included in the study. The haemodynamic parameters of the RA and UA were recorded before the block and 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min after the block using colour Doppler ultrasound to determine the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (Vmean), pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and area. The volumetric flow rate (VFR) was calculated using the formula Q = area×Vmean. The aforementioned parameters were compared not only before and after the BPB but also between the RA and UA. RESULTS: Compared with those of the respective baselines, there was a significant increase in the PSV, EDV, Vmean, area, and VFR and a significant decrease in the PI and RI of the RA and UA 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min post-block. The increase 30 min post-block in EDV (258.68 % in the RA, 279.63 % in the UA) was the most notable, followed by that in the Vmean (183.36 % in the RA, 235.24 % in the UA), and the PSV (139.11 % in the RA, 153.15 % in the UA) changed minimally. The Vmean and VFR of the RA were significantly greater than those of the UA before the BPB; however, there was no significant difference in the VFR between the RA and UA after the BPB. CONCLUSIONS: A costoclavicular BPB can increase blood flow in the forearm arteries. The RA had a higher volumetric flow rate than the UA before the BPB; however, the potential blood supply capacity of the UA was similar to that of the RA after a BPB. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/searchproj.aspx, clinical trial number: ChiCTR 1900023796, date of registration: June 12, 2019).


Brachial Plexus Block/methods , Forearm/blood supply , Radial Artery/drug effects , Ropivacaine/pharmacology , Ulnar Artery/drug effects , Adult , Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology , Blood Flow Velocity/drug effects , Female , Forearm/diagnostic imaging , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Radial Artery/diagnostic imaging , Radial Artery/physiopathology , Ulnar Artery/diagnostic imaging , Ulnar Artery/physiopathology , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/methods , Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods
12.
PLoS One ; 16(4): e0250868, 2021.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33930065

Current literature suggests that greater than 50% of survivors of a stroke cannot accurately perceive where their upper extremity is positioned. Our recent work demonstrates that the extent to which this perception is affected can depend on how the task is performed. For example, individuals with stroke who have a deficit in mirroring the position of their passively-placed paretic forearm during a between-arms task may accurately reproduce the position of their actively-controlled paretic forearm during a single-arm task. Moreover, the ability of individuals with various types of unilateral lesions to locate their thumb can depend on whether they reach for their paretic thumb or non-paretic thumb. Consequently, we investigated to what extent the accuracy of individuals post-hemiparetic stroke in mirroring forearm positions on a between-arms task is influenced by various conditions. Eighteen participants with hemiparetic stroke rotated their reference forearm to a target position, and then rotated their opposite forearm to concurrently mirror the position of their reference forearm. This task was performed when participants referenced each forearm (paretic, non-paretic) at two target positions (extension, flexion) for two modes of limb control (passive, active). We quantified for every testing scenario of each participant their position-mirroring error. The number of times for which participants were classified as having a deficit was least when mirroring forearm positions at the flexed position when referencing their non-paretic forearm. Additionally, the difference in the magnitude of errors when participants referenced each arm was greater during active than passive movements. Findings from this study provide further evidence that the accuracy with which individuals post stroke perceive the position of their limbs can depend on how a task is performed. Factors to consider include whether movements are active versus passive, which limb is referenced, and where the limb is positioned.


Forearm/physiopathology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Paresis/physiopathology , Stroke/pathology , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Movement , Range of Motion, Articular
13.
Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc ; 55(2): 181-183, 2021 Mar.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33847583

The posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) is the terminal branch of the radial nerve. The symptoms of PIN palsy vary markedly according to its types. In this report, we present the case of a 61-years-old male patient with an unusual manifestation of non-traumatic novel type of PIN palsy. A complicated course was involved in the diagnosis of this disease. The operation was performed after verification of PIN palsy. Recovery of symptoms was observed in a follow-up conducted three years later. Additionally, the electromyography examination returned to normal.


Decompression, Surgical/methods , Nerve Compression Syndromes , Radial Nerve , Radial Neuropathy , Electromyography/methods , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nerve Compression Syndromes/diagnosis , Nerve Compression Syndromes/physiopathology , Nerve Compression Syndromes/surgery , Paralysis/diagnosis , Paralysis/etiology , Paralysis/surgery , Radial Nerve/injuries , Radial Nerve/physiopathology , Radial Neuropathy/diagnosis , Radial Neuropathy/physiopathology , Radial Neuropathy/surgery , Recovery of Function , Treatment Outcome
15.
J Tissue Viability ; 30(2): 155-160, 2021 May.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33741206

[Aim] Because painful skin tears frequently occur in older patients, the prevention of skin tears is fundamental to improve their quality of life. However, a risk assessment tool for skin tears has not been established yet in Japan. Therefore, we aimed to propose a risk scoring tool for skin tears in Japanese older adult. [Methods] We conducted a prospective cohort study with 6-month follow-up in two long-term care hospitals in Japan. A total of 257 inpatients were recruited. Patient and skin characteristics were collected at baseline, and the occurrence of forearm skin tears were examined during follow-up. To develop a risk scoring tool, we identified risk factors, and converted their coefficients estimated in the multiple logistic regression analysis into simplified scores. The predictive accuracy of the total score was evaluated. [Results] Of 244 participants, 29 developed forearm skin tears during the follow-up period, a cumulative incidence of 13.5%. Senile purpura, pseudoscar, contracture, and dry skin were identified as risk factors for skin tears. Their weighted scores were 6, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the total score was 0.806. At a cut-off score of 12, the sensitivity was 0.86, and the specificity was 0.67. [Conclusion] Our forearm skin tear risk scoring tool showed high accuracy, whereas specificity was low. This tool can contribute to prevent forearm skin tears in Japanese older adults.


Forearm/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Skin/injuries , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Female , Forearm/abnormalities , Humans , Incidence , Japan/epidemiology , Lacerations/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life/psychology , Skin Aging/physiology
16.
Surg Radiol Anat ; 43(5): 721-726, 2021 May.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33398519

PURPOSE: The flexor carpi radialis brevis (FCRB) is a supernumerary musculotendinous structure of the wrist that has been the focus of some interest in the last decade. While its anatomy is well known, its in vivo function remains unknown as it has never been studied. METHODS: Eleven cases of FCRB underwent a multimodal ultrasound consisting of B-mode, color Doppler and shear wave elastography. RESULTS: A pennate shape was observed in all cases and the mean value of the cross-sectional area was 0.8 cm2 (SD 0.3 cm2). Young's modulus was significantly (p < 0.01) different between the resting position and active flexion or passive extension. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that the FCRB shows biomechanics of a typical skeletal muscle and is voluntarily controlled by flexing the wrist. Absent in other vertebrate taxa, the FCRB probably plays a role in active stability of the wrist in Human.


Anatomic Variation , Forearm/abnormalities , Muscle, Skeletal/abnormalities , Wrist/abnormalities , Adult , Biomechanical Phenomena , Elasticity Imaging Techniques , Female , Forearm/diagnostic imaging , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color , Wrist/diagnostic imaging , Wrist/physiopathology , Young Adult
17.
Neurol Res ; 43(6): 511-519, 2021 Jun.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33402052

Purpose: To investigate the impact of shoulder subluxation (SS) on peripheral nerve conduction and function of the hemiplegic upper extremity (HUE) in poststroke patients.Methods: Thirty post-stroke patients were selected (SS group: 15 patients, non-SS group: 15 patients, respectively). Evaluation of nerve conduction in upper limbs: the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude and latency of suprascapular, axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar nerves; the motor and sensory conduction velocity and the sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude of median, ulnar, and radial nerves. The Brunnstrom stage scale was used to evaluate the HUE motor function.Results: Compared with the healthy side, the CMAP and SNAP amplitudes of tested nerves on the HUE in both groups were lower, and the CMAP latency of the suprascapular, axillary and musculocutaneous nerves on the HUE in the SS group was longer (P < 0.05). Compared with the HUE in non-SS group, the CMAP amplitude of tested nerves (except ulnar) was decreased more (P < 0.05), the motor conduction velocity of the median nerve was lower (P < 0.05), and the Brunnstrom stage of the HUE was lower in SS group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Stroke may lead to extensive abnormal nerve conduction on the HUE, and SS may aggravate the abnormality, which may disturb the recovery of upper limb function.


Action Potentials/physiology , Forearm/innervation , Hemiplegia/physiopathology , Neural Conduction/physiology , Peripheral Nerves/physiopathology , Shoulder/physiopathology , Stroke/physiopathology , Aged , Electromyography , Female , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies
18.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 2631, 2021 01 29.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33514788

The mechanical muscular oscillations are rarely the objective of investigations regarding the identification of a biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether or not this specific motor output differs between PD patients and controls. The novelty is that patients without tremor are investigated performing a unilateral isometric motor task. The force of armflexors and the forearm acceleration (ACC) were recorded as well as the mechanomyography of the biceps brachii (MMGbi), brachioradialis (MMGbra) and pectoralis major (MMGpect) muscles using a piezoelectric-sensor-based system during a unilateral motor task at 70% of the MVIC. The frequency, a power-frequency-ratio, the amplitude variation, the slope of amplitudes and their interlimb asymmetries were analysed. The results indicate that the oscillatory behavior of muscular output in PD without tremor deviates from controls in some parameters: Significant differences appeared for the power-frequency-ratio (p = 0.001, r = 0.43) and for the amplitude variation (p = 0.003, r = 0.34) of MMGpect. The interlimb asymmetries differed significantly concerning the power-frequency-ratio of MMGbi (p = 0.013, r = 0.42) and MMGbra (p = 0.048, r = 0.39) as well as regarding the mean frequency (p = 0.004, r = 0.48) and amplitude variation of MMGpect (p = 0.033, r = 0.37). The mean (M) and variation coefficient (CV) of slope of ACC differed significantly (M: p = 0.022, r = 0.33; CV: p = 0.004, r = 0.43). All other parameters showed no significant differences between PD and controls. It remains open, if this altered mechanical muscular output is reproducible and specific for PD.


Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Myography , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Tremor/diagnosis , Acceleration , Aged , Arm/diagnostic imaging , Arm/physiopathology , Female , Forearm/diagnostic imaging , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/diagnostic imaging , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Tremor/diagnostic imaging , Tremor/physiopathology
19.
Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) ; 82: 105277, 2021 02.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33513456

BACKGROUND: McArdle sign is a phenomenon of impaired gait and muscle weakness that occurs with neck flexion, immediately reversible with neck extension. A recent report measured the specificity of this sign for multiple sclerosis by measuring differences in peak torque of the extensor digitorum between neck extension and flexion. METHODS: This substudy included 73 participants (29 multiple sclerosis, 20 non-multiple sclerosis myelopathies, 5 peripheral nerve disorders, and 19 healthy controls). The effect of neck position was assessed on muscle stiffness and neuromechanical error of the extensor digitorum. FINDINGS: Patients with multiple sclerosis had greater neuromechanical error (sum of squared error of prediction) compared to controls (P = 0.023) and non-multiple sclerosis myelopathies (P = 0.003). Neuromechanical error also provided improved sensitivity/specificity of McArdle sign. Peak torque, muscle stiffness, and neuromechanical error could distinguish multiple sclerosis from other myelopathies with 80% specificity and 97% sensitivity (AUC = 0.95). INTERPRETATION: A decrease in muscle stiffness and neuromechanical error in neck flexion compared to extension are additional indicators for a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Analysis of muscle stiffness may provide insights into the pathophysiology of this specific clinical sign for multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, muscle stiffness may provide an additional accurate, simple assessment to evaluate multiple sclerosis therapeutic interventions and disease progression.


Forearm/physiopathology , Glycogen Storage Disease Type V/physiopathology , Mechanical Phenomena , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Adult , Biomechanical Phenomena , Female , Gait , Humans , Male , Young Adult
20.
Burns ; 47(3): 684-691, 2021 05.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32917474

INTRODUCTION: Even after reconstructive surgery, it is still difficult for patients with severe burns to achieve independent eating activity. In this project, we customized the forearm pronation's assistant tableware to assist in improvement with eating activities. METHODS: From January 2017 to December 2018, 28 patients with severe burns including the hands were recruited. For the patient's independent eating activities, we customized forearm pronation's tableware (forks and spoons). We compared modified Barthel index (MBI) and Visual analogue scale (VAS) of satisfaction under three conditions: no auxiliary tableware, ADL universal cuff, or forearm pronation tableware; to compare the duration and the weight of food spilled during lunch when the patients wore the ADL universal cuff or the forearm pronation's tableware. Differences in MBI (rank data) were tested by the Friedman test, differences in VAS (normal distribution) were tested with One-way ANOVA (Bonferroni), differences in the duration and the weight (normal distribution data) were tested by paired sample t test. RESULTS: After wearing the forearm pronation's assistant tableware, MBI VAS both increased more than when the patients did not wear the auxiliary tableware (all p<0.05). When the subjects wore forearm pronation tableware, the duration of lunch significantly decreased and the quality of eating activity significantly improved compared to the ADL universal cuff in eating activity (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: After wearing the forearm pronation's assistant tableware, the patients with severe burns completely or almost completely accomplished independent eating, the duration was decreased, and during eating activity the quality and the satisfaction were improved. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical trial registry, ChiCTR1800019963.


Burns/complications , Forearm/abnormalities , Pronation/physiology , Activities of Daily Living , Adult , Female , Forearm/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods
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