ABSTRACT
El asma se caracteriza por su impacto deletéreo que incluye gran coste económico para el sistema de salud. En pacientes con asma mal controlada a pesar del tratamiento, se propone un régimen de mantenimiento con corticoides inhalados y formoterol. El objetivo del presente estudio observacional retrospectivo fue evaluar las modificaciones espirométricas tras el cambio del medicamento controlador en pacientes con asma moderada a severa asistidos en el Hospital Clínico de Magallanes de Punta Arenas, así como también cuantificar la modificación en el número de exacerbaciones graves (consulta a un servicio de urgencia y/u hospitalización por asma). Participaron 61 adultos con asma moderada a severa (mediana de edad: 60 años [rango: 21-87], mujeres: 69,4%; comorbilidad atópica/alérgica: 79%; otras comorbilidades: 46,8%) en los que se cambió el tratamiento con fluticasona/salmeterol 250/25 μg por budesónida/formoterol 160/4,5 μg. No se observaron cambios significativos en los índices espirométricos tras el cambio. Con el tratamiento inicial, el 46,9% presentó ≥ 1 visita a urgencias (total: 50 consultas). Tras el cambio por budesonida/formoterol, el 21% requirió al menos una visita a urgencias (total: 14 consultas; p < 0,01). La proporción de pacientes con ≥ 2 consultas a urgencias fue de 19,7% con el tratamiento basal y de 1,6% tras el cambio a budesonida/formoterol (p < 0,01). No se observaron diferencias significativas en la cantidad de hospitalizaciones. En este estudio del mundo real de pacientes con asma moderada a grave, el cambio del tratamiento a budesonida/formoterol se asoció con reducción significativa de las consultas a urgencias, a pesar de no detectarse cambios de significación estadística en los índices espirométricos habituales.
Asthma is characterized by its deleterious impact, including a high cost to the healthcare system. In patients with poorly controlled asthma despite treatment, a maintenance regimen of inhaled corticosteroids and formoterol is proposed. The aim of this retrospective, observational study was to evaluate the spirometric changes after switching the controller medication in patients with moderate to severe asthma attended in our institution ("Hospital Clínico de Magallanes"), as well as the variation in the number of severe exacerbations (consultation to an emergency department and/or hospitalization for asthma). Sixty-one adults with moderate to severe asthma (median age: 60 years-old [range: 21-87], women: 69.4%; atopic/allergic comorbidity: 79%; other comorbidities: 46.8%) in whom treatment with fluticasone/salmeterol 250/25 μg was switched to budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 μg participated in our study. No significant changes in spirometric parameters were observed after the replacement treatment. With the initial treatment, 46.9% patients presented ≥ 1 visit to the emergency department (total: 50 visits). After the switch to budesonide/formoterol, 21% required at least one emergency department visit (total: 14 consultations; p < 0.01). The proportion of patients with ≥ 2 emergency department visits was 19.7% with baseline treatment and 1.6% after switching to budesonide/formoterol (p < 0.01). No significant differences were observed in the number of hospitalizations. In this real-world study of moderate to severe asthma patients, switching to budesonide/formoterol was associated with a significant reduction in emergency department visits, despite no statistically significant changes in the usual spirometric parameters.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Asthma/drug therapy , Spirometry , Budesonide/administration & dosage , Formoterol Fumarate/administration & dosage , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Drug Administration Schedule , Forced Expiratory Volume , Retrospective Studies , Drug Therapy, Combination , Fluticasone-Salmeterol Drug Combination/administration & dosageABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Asthma, an inflammatory disease affecting more than 300 million patients in the world. Small airways are by far bigger than the large airway's one and constitutes the area most affected by asthma. Reaching the small airways represents a challenge for treatments because of the dimensions and structure of the bronchial lumen. Inhaled extrafine (ExF) combinations are needed to reach and treat them. This study aimed to assess the effect of extrafine Beclometasone dipropionate/Formoterol fumarate (BDP/FF) in the control of symptoms, lung function and lung inflammation in patients with asthma. METHODS: Retrospective study, carried out in 62 Mexican patients diagnosed with asthma and treated with two inhalations twice daily of ExF BDP/FF 100/6 µg (via pMDI) and with an Asthma Control Test (ACT) score ≤19 points. Moreover, from patient's files, we analysed ACT score, Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) and Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) both from their first consultation (baseline) and after one month of therapy. RESULTS: BDP/FF 100/6 µg ExF showed that ACT, 79% of patients achieved control of disease (ACT ≥ 20 points) and 14.5% of patients achieved total control of the disease (ACT = 25 points); Oscillometry values R5- R20 diminished by 41%, X5 by 18.1% and AX by 56.5% and FeNO decreased by 52% after one month of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: BDP/FF 100/6 µg extrafine improved asthma control after one month of treatment, and this was sustained for 3 months. Likewise, both the lung function, measured by IOS and inflammatory state, measured by FeNO, also significantly improved.
Subject(s)
Anti-Asthmatic Agents/administration & dosage , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/drug therapy , Beclomethasone/administration & dosage , Formoterol Fumarate/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Drug Combinations , Dry Powder Inhalers , Female , Humans , Inflammation , Male , Middle Aged , Oscillometry , Respiratory Function Tests , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Despite advances in asthma treatment, severe asthma (SA) still results in high morbidity and use of health resources. Our hypothesis was that SA patients would achieve adequate control with a systematic protocol, including oral corticosteroids, budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy and a multidisciplinary approach to improve adherence. METHODS: Non-controlled (NC) SA patients were enrolled to receive 2 weeks of oral corticosteroids and 12 weeks of formoterol + budesonide. Assessments included asthma control questionnaire (ACQ), asthma control test (ACT), daily symptom diary, lung function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaires. RESULTS: Of 51 patients, 13 (25.5%) achieved control. NC patients had higher utilization of health resources and higher exacerbation rates. Both controlled (C) and NC patients had significantly reduced ACQ scores after oral corticosteroid treatment. After 12 weeks, C patients continued improving. NC patients did not have significant changes. A similar pattern was found regarding lung function, use of rescue medication, and days free of symptoms. After 2 weeks of oral corticosteroids, an increase occurred in those who achieved the ACQ cut off; however, 53.8% of C patients had an ACQ < 1.57 versus 21.1% of NC patients (p = 0.03). Both groups had low HRQoL at baseline with improvement after intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Despite rigorous, optimized follow-up treatment, 75% of SA patients did not achieve adequate symptom control and presented with impaired quality of life. Conversely, application of a low-cost, easy to implement systematic protocol can prevent up to 25% of SA patients from up-titrating to new and complex therapies, thus reducing costs and morbidity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrial.gov on 22 February 2010 ( NCT01089322 ).
Subject(s)
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/administration & dosage , Asthma/drug therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Budesonide/administration & dosage , Formoterol Fumarate/administration & dosage , Quality of Life , Administration, Inhalation , Adult , Brazil , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Respiratory Function Tests , Severity of Illness Index , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
RESUMOObjetivo:analisar concepções de enfermeiros sobre Vigilância em Saúde da Criança (VSC) em unidades de saúde da família.Métodos:estudo qualitativo, com análise temática dos dados, fundamentada no paradigma da Vigilância em Saúde. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 13 enfermeiros atuantes em município do interior paulista.Resultados:os enfermeiros conceberam VSC como acompanhamento ativo, integral, programado, identificando riscos/vulnerabilidades, por meio de ações multiprofissionais, intersetoriais e dependentes da participação materna. Constatou-se desenvolvimento parcial dessas premissas na prática, por dificuldades como falta de participação materna nas ações propostas, indisponibilidade de tempo para discussão e adoção de medidas nas unidades e desarticulação entre níveis e setores no município.Conclusão:é necessário maior investimento político e técnico para assegurar a adoção desse modelo nos diferentes setores e níveis de atenção do município.
RESUMENObjetivo:analizar las concepciones de los enfermeros en la vigilancia de la salud de los niños en las unidades de salud de la familia.Método:estudio cualitativo con el análisis temático de los datos, basado en el paradigma de la Vigilancia de la Salud. Se realizaron entrevistas con 13 enfermeras en la ciudad interior.Resultados:las enfermeras concibió la vigilancia de la salud del niño y la vigilancia activa, total, la identifi cación de riesgos/vulnerabilidades, a través de acciones multidisciplinario, intersectorial y dependiente de la participación materna. Encontramos lo desarrollo parcial de estos supuestos en la práctica, debido a las difi cultades, como la falta de participación de la madre en las acciones propuestas, la falta de tiempo para el debate y la adopción de medidas en las unidades y la falta de conexión entre los niveles y sectores en el condado.Conclusión:es necesaria una mayor inversión política y técnica para asegurar la adopción de este modelo en diferentes sectores y niveles de atención del municipio.
ABSTRACTObjective:to analyze conceptions of nurses on child health surveillance in family health units.Method:a qualitative study with thematic analysis of the data, based on the paradigm of Health Surveillance. Interviews were conducted with 13 nurses in a countryside city in the state of Sao Paulo.Results:nurses conceived child health surveillance as an active monitoring, which should be comprehensive, identifying risks/vulnerabilities, through multidisciplinary and intersectoral actions that are dependent on maternal involvement. We found partial development of these assumptions in practice, due to diffi culties such as lack of maternal involvement in the proposed actions, lack of time for discussion and adoption of measures in the units and disarticulation between levels and sectors of the city.Conclusion:a greater political and technical investment is needed to ensure the adoption of this model in different sectors and levels of care of the city.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/pharmacokinetics , Bronchodilator Agents/pharmacokinetics , Budesonide/pharmacokinetics , Formoterol Fumarate/pharmacokinetics , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/pathology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Budesonide/administration & dosage , Drug Combinations , Feasibility Studies , Forced Expiratory Volume/drug effects , Formoterol Fumarate/administration & dosage , Oxygen , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiratory Function TestsABSTRACT
INTROCUCIÓN: el salmeterol y formoterol son medicamentos empleados en el tratamiento del asma, pertenecen al grupo de los agonistas ß2, los cuales son broncodilatadores . Se emplean de forma inhalada, generalmente en combinación con corticoides, como fluticasona, en casos en los que no se logra controlar el asma con otro tipo de medicamentos. POBLACIÓN: Niños menores de 18 años con asma persistente en tratamiento con costicoesteroide inhalado. INTERVENCIÓN: Salmeterol, Formoterol. COMPARACIÓN: Beclometasona, Placebo. RESULTADOS: Control de síntomas y volumen espiratorio forzado. CONCLUSIONES: Efectividad: Formoterol o Salmeterol en comparación con el tratamiento de primera línea con beclometasona y placebo, son más efectivos para la mejoría de síntomas del asma y el aumento del volumen espiratorio forzado. No hay diferencias entre ambos ß2 agonistas de acción prolongada en términos de efectividad y seguridad. No hay evidencia de efectividad sobre salmeterol o formoterol combinados en comparación con administrarlos de forma separada.