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1.
Carbohydr Polym ; 343: 122447, 2024 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39174126

ABSTRACT

Polysaccharides and polyphenols are bioactive components that co-exist in many plant foods. Their binary interaction in terms of the structure-function relationships, however, has not been well clarified. This study elucidated the correlation between the structural and physiological properties of galactomannan (GM) -catechin monomer complexes and GM with different branching or molecular weight (Mw). Results indicated that locus bean gum with lower branching degree (Gal/Man is 0.259) bound more readily to EGCG with adsorption rate of 19.42 %. EGCG and ECG containing galloyl groups were more inclined to form hydrogen bonds with GMs, significantly improving the adsorption by GMs. The introduction of EGCG could enhance the antioxidant activity and starch digestion inhibition of GM, which positively correlated with the adsorption capacity of EGCG. The guar gum (GG) with higher Mw (7384.3 kDa) could transport 71.51 % EGCG into the colon, while the retention rate of EGCG reaching the colon alone was only 46.33 %. Conversely, GM-EGCG complex with lower Mw (6.9 kDa) could be readily utilized by gut microbiota, and increased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study elucidated the structure-properties relationship of GM-EGCG complexes, and provide a new idea for the development and precision nutrition of polysaccharides-polyphenol complexes fortified functional foods.


Subject(s)
Catechin , Galactans , Galactose , Mannans , Molecular Weight , Plant Gums , Mannans/chemistry , Mannans/pharmacology , Galactose/analogs & derivatives , Galactose/chemistry , Catechin/analogs & derivatives , Catechin/chemistry , Catechin/pharmacology , Plant Gums/chemistry , Plant Gums/pharmacology , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/pharmacology , Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Animals , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects , Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Volatile/chemistry , Adsorption , Starch/chemistry , Starch/analogs & derivatives , Colon/drug effects , Colon/metabolism , Mice , Male
2.
Food Res Int ; 192: 114809, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39147506

ABSTRACT

Legumes are abundant sources of proteins, and white common bean proteins play an important role in air-water interface properties. This study aims to investigate the technical-functional properties of white common bean protein isolate (BPI) as a function of pH, protein concentration, and guar gum (GG) presence. BPI physicochemical properties were analyzed in terms of solubility, zeta potential, and mean particle diameter at pH ranging from 2 to 9, in addition to water-holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), and thermogravimetric analysis. Protein dispersions were evaluated in terms of dynamic, interfacial, and foam-forming properties. BPI showed higher solubility (>80 %) at pH 2 and above 7. Zeta potential and mean diameter ranged from 15.43 to -34.08 mV and from 129.55 to 139.90 nm, respectively. BPI exhibited WHC and OHC of 1.37 and 4.97 g/g, respectively. Thermograms indicated decomposition temperature (295.81 °C) and mass loss (64.73 %). Flow curves indicated pseudoplastic behavior, with higher η100 values observed in treatments containing guar gum. The behavior was predominantly viscous (tg δ > 1) at lower frequencies, at all pH levels, shifting to predominantly elastic at higher frequencies. Equilibrium surface tension (γeq) ranged from 43.87 to 41.95 mN.m-1 and did not decrease with increasing protein concentration under all pH conditions. All treatments exhibited ϕ < 15°, indicating predominantly elastic surface films. Foaming properties were influenced by higher protein concentration and guar gum addition, and the potential formation of protein-polysaccharide complexes favored the kinetic stability of the system.


Subject(s)
Galactans , Mannans , Phaseolus , Plant Gums , Plant Proteins , Solubility , Surface Properties , Plant Gums/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Plant Proteins/chemistry , Phaseolus/chemistry , Particle Size , Water/chemistry
3.
Carbohydr Res ; 542: 109204, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38981322

ABSTRACT

The hexasaccharide arabinan domain of Mycobacterial Arabinogalactan was provided with the versatile methodology toward ß-selective arabinofuranosylation directed by B(C6F5)3, demonstrating the effectiveness of the ß-arabinofuranosylation strategy. Derivatization of the amino moiety at the reducing end are essential prerequisites for elucidating the biosynthetic pathway and conjugating of this compound to a protein carrier for vaccine generation.


Subject(s)
Galactans , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/chemical synthesis , Oligosaccharides/chemical synthesis , Oligosaccharides/chemistry , Carbohydrate Sequence , Mycobacterium/chemistry , Polysaccharides
4.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 276(Pt 1): 133866, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39009268

ABSTRACT

Hydrogels are becoming increasingly significant in tissue engineering because of their numerous benefits, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and their ability to provide a supportive structure for cell proliferation. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of a new multimaterial hydrogel with 3D-printing capabilities composed of copper nanoparticle-reinforced gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and guar gum-based biomaterials intended for tissue engineering applications. Combining CuNPs aims to enhance the hydrogel's antibacterial properties, mechanical strength, and bioactivity, which are essential for successful tissue regeneration. Hydrogels are chemically cross-linked with glyoxal and analyzed through different assessments to examine the compressive behavior, surface morphology, sorbing capacity, biocompatibility, thermal stability, and degradation properties. The results demonstrated that including CuNPs significantly improved the hydrogel's compressive modulus (4.18 MPa) for the hydrogel with the CuNPs and provided better antibacterial activity against common pathogens with controlled degradation. All the hydrogels exhibited a lower coefficient of friction, which was below 0.1. In vitro cell culture studies using chondrocytes indicated that the CuNPs-loaded hydrogel supported cell proliferation and growth of chondrogenic genes such as collagen type II (COL2) and aggrecan (ACAN). The biocompatibility and enhanced mechanical properties of the multimaterial hydrogel make it a promising candidate for developing customized, patient-specific tissue engineering scaffolds.


Subject(s)
Copper , Galactans , Gelatin , Hydrogels , Mannans , Plant Gums , Polyvinyl Alcohol , Tissue Engineering , Galactans/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , Mannans/pharmacology , Polyvinyl Alcohol/chemistry , Plant Gums/chemistry , Gelatin/chemistry , Tissue Engineering/methods , Copper/chemistry , Copper/pharmacology , Hydrogels/chemistry , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Animals , Humans , Chondrocytes/drug effects , Chondrocytes/cytology
5.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 275(Pt 2): 133517, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38960251

ABSTRACT

Reducing the risk of wound infection is an urgent issue health priority. Antibacterial polysaccharide-based hydrogels have attracted great attention for infectious wounds, attributed to their safe antimicrobial performance and natural non-toxicity and biodegradability advantages. In this study, the "all-in-one" self-adaptive and injectable cationic guar gum (CG)-based polysaccharide hydrogels (FA-TOB/CG) loaded with bioactive complexes were developed for infectious wound healing. The constructed antioxidant and antibacterial ferulic acid (FA)-tobramycin (TOB) bioactive complexes (FA-TOB) were used as the cross-linking agent and introduced into the CG matrix to construct the FA-TOB/CG hydrogel with a three-dimensional porous structure. The sterilization rates of FA-TOB/CG hydrogel against S. aureus and E. coli reached 98 % and 80 % respectively. In addition, the FA-TOB/CG also exhibits enhanced antioxidant performances (DPPH: > 40 %; ABTS: > 90 %; ·OH: > 50 %). More importantly, FA-TOB/CG hydrogel also showed the ability to sustain the release of FA and TOB. These superiorities of the FA-TOB/CG hydrogel enabled it to provide a moist wound environment and promote wound healing by eliminating bacteria, modulating the local inflammatory response, and accelerating collagen deposition and vascular regeneration. Thus, this study may enlarge a new sight for developing multifunctional dressings by incorporating bioactive complexes into polysaccharide hydrogels for infected wounds.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Antioxidants , Galactans , Hydrogels , Mannans , Plant Gums , Wound Healing , Mannans/chemistry , Mannans/pharmacology , Plant Gums/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/pharmacology , Hydrogels/chemistry , Hydrogels/pharmacology , Wound Healing/drug effects , Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Bandages , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Coumaric Acids/chemistry , Coumaric Acids/pharmacology , Cations/chemistry , Mice , Injections
6.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 275(Pt 1): 133490, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38960257

ABSTRACT

Sandy soils are suffering from water loss and desertification, which severely restrict the development of local agriculture. In this work, an eco-friendly hydrogel composed of borax and locust bean gum was synthesized to enhance the water retention capacity of sandy soil and support agricultural development in arid regions. Locust bean gum/borax hydrogel with a 3D network structure exhibited great water-absorbing capacity (130.29 g/g) within 30 min. After mixing 0.9 wt% hydrogel with sandy soil, the maximum soil water content, water retention time, soil porosity and soil organic matter were increased by 32.03 %, 14 days, 38.9 % and 8.64 g/kg respectively. Little effect on soil microorganisms revealed barely toxicity. Furthermore, the hydrogel was confirmed to be biodegradable at 43.47 % after 4 weeks. According to the study, locust bean gum/borax hydrogel possesses good water absorbing capacity, soil water retention ability, soil optimization ability and low adverse environmental impact. Together, it is inferred that the hydrogel can improve the water retention capacity of sandy soil in arid areas, promoting plant growth in arid areas.


Subject(s)
Galactans , Hydrogels , Mannans , Plant Gums , Soil , Water , Plant Gums/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , Soil/chemistry , Water/chemistry , Hydrogels/chemistry , Porosity , Sand/chemistry , Biodegradation, Environmental , Soil Microbiology , Borates
7.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 275(Pt 1): 133619, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38964694

ABSTRACT

Locust bean gum (LBG), a polysaccharide-based natural polymer, is being widely researched as an appropriate additive for various products, including food, gluten-free formulations, medicines, paper, textiles, oil well drilling, cosmetics, and medical uses. Drug delivery vehicles, packaging, batteries, and catalytic supports are all popular applications for biopolymer-based materials. This review discusses sustainable food packaging and drug delivery applications for LBG. Given the benefits of LBG polysaccharide as a source of dietary fiber, it is also being investigated as a potential treatment for many health disorders, including colorectal cancer, diabetes, and gastrointestinal difficulties. The flexibility of LBG polysaccharide allows it to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, a crucial characteristic of biomaterials, and the film-forming properties of LBG are critical for food packaging applications. The extraction process of LBG plays an important role in properties such as viscosity and gel-forming properties. Moreover, there are multiple factors such as temperature, pressure, pH, etc. The LBG-based functional composite film is effective in improving the shelf life as well as monitoring the freshness of fruits, meat and other processed food. The LBG-based hydrogel is excellent carrier of drugs and can be used for slow and sustainable release of active components present in drugs. Thus, the primary goal of this review was to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the literature with a focus on the composition, properties, processing, food packaging, and medicine delivery applications of LBG polysaccharides. Thus, we investigated the chemical composition, extraction, and characteristics of LBG polysaccharides that underlie their applications in the food packaging and medicine delivery fields.


Subject(s)
Drug Delivery Systems , Food Packaging , Galactans , Mannans , Plant Gums , Polysaccharides , Plant Gums/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , Food Packaging/methods , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Humans , Drug Carriers/chemistry
8.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 275(Pt 2): 133687, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38972650

ABSTRACT

Herein, the design and fabrication of an anticancer nanoplatform (LBG/PRA-NG) based on locust bean gum-stabilized nanogold and functionalized with Phyllanthus reticulatus anthocyanins was described. LBG/PRA-NG was prepared in an eco-friendly, one-pot approach at room temperature, mediated by the anthocyanins and gum as bio-reductant and stabilizer, respectively. The nanostructure was elaborately characterized by FESEM, TEM, UV-visible, DLS, Zeta potential, FTIR, XRD, TGA/DTG, and XPS analysis. Its anticancer attributes were examined based on cytotoxicity on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, as well as the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. The results revealed the successful formation of a homogenous and highly stable nanocomposite (LBG/PRA-NG), with quasi-spherical shape, small size (14.73 nm), Zeta potential and PDI values of -58.30 mV and 0.237, respectively. The presence of a plasmonic peak at 525 nm was indicative of AuNPs. Compared to the galactomannan and anthocyanin, LBG/PRA-NG exhibited superior antioxidative properties with IC50 values of 35.44 µg/mL against DPPH and 24.55 µg/mL against ABTS+. Notably, LBG/PRA-NG also demonstrated enhanced anticancer properties relative to LBG and anthocyanins, with IC50 values of 16.17 µg/mL and 25.06 µg/mL against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Meanwhile, the normal cells (HEK-293 and L929) resisted the innocuous effects of LBG/PRA-NG. Furthermore, treatment of breast cancer cells with LBG/PRA-NG drastically elevated the intracellular ROS levels. This suggested that the anticancer activity of LBG/PRA-NG may be mediated via amplification of ROS/oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Altogether, these findings indicate the remarkable potential of LBG/PRA-NC in the development of anticancer therapy.


Subject(s)
Anthocyanins , Antineoplastic Agents , Antioxidants , Galactans , Gold , Mannans , Metal Nanoparticles , Plant Gums , Humans , Plant Gums/chemistry , Plant Gums/pharmacology , Mannans/chemistry , Mannans/pharmacology , Anthocyanins/chemistry , Anthocyanins/pharmacology , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Antioxidants/chemistry , Gold/chemistry , Gold/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , MCF-7 Cells , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Nanocomposites/chemistry
9.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 275(Pt 2): 133740, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38986986

ABSTRACT

Coffee beverage is a source of dietary fiber composed by arabinogalactans, which can also be associated to proteins and phenolic compounds, originating melanoidins. Human colonic in vitro fermentations of coffee fractions, one rich in melanoidins (Mel) and the other in its parental polysaccharide arabinogalactans (AG), were performed in order to evaluate the metabolites produced by microbiota, namely short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), phenolic compounds, and bile acids. After 48 h of fermentation, a higher fermentability of the carbohydrate fraction of AG (62 %) than that of Mel (27 %) was observed, resulting in a SCFA content of 63 mM and 22 mM, respectively. Supplementation with AG and Mel fractions decreased the acetate:propionate ratio from 4.7 (in the absence of coffee fractions) to 2.5 and 3.5, respectively, suggesting a potential inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis. The fermentation of coffee fractions yielded dihydroferulic and dihydrocaffeic acids, known to have antioxidant properties. In the presence of Mel, it was observed a decrease (from 0.25 to 0.16 mg/mL) in the production of secondary bile acids, whose high content is associated to the development of several diseases, such as colorectal cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular.


Subject(s)
Bile Acids and Salts , Coffee , Colon , Fermentation , Galactans , Polymers , Humans , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/metabolism , Coffee/chemistry , Colon/metabolism , Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Polymers/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism , Phenols/metabolism
10.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 151: 109753, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38977111

ABSTRACT

Bimetallic (Au/Ag) nanoparticles (BNPs) have shown enhanced antibacterial activity compared to their monometallic counterparts. Sulfated galactans (SG) are a naturally occurring polymer commonly found in red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri. They are biocompatible and biodegradable and environmentally friendly. In this study, we utilized SG in combination with BNPs to develop composite materials that potentially enhance antibacterial activity against shrimp pathogens Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi, compared to BNPs or SG alone. BNPs were coated with sulfated galactan (SGBNPs) and characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-vis spectroscopy analysis revealed that the surface plasmon peaks of BNPs and SGBNPs appeared at 530 nm and 532 nm, respectively. Zeta potential measurements showed that SGBNPs had a negative charge of -32.4 mV, while the BNPs solution had a positive charge of 38.7 mV. TEM images demonstrated the spherical morphology of both BNPs and SGBNPs with narrow size distributions (3-10 nm). Analysis of the FTIR spectra indicated that SG maintained its backbone structure in SGBNPs, but some functional groups were altered. Notably, SGBNPs showed superior antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against V. parahaemolyticus and V. harveyi compared to SG and BNPs. Furthermore, treatment with SGBNPs significantly down-regulated the expression of virulence-related genes (toxR, cpsQ, and mfpA) for V. parahaemolyticus 3HP compared to the respective control, bacteria treated with BNPs or SG. Diets supplemented with SGBNPs, BNPs, or SG showed no detrimental impact on the growth of shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Shrimp fed with SGBNPs-supplemented feed showed significantly higher survival rates than those fed with BNPs-supplemented feed when infected with 3HP after being on the supplemented feed for seven days and a subsequent number of fifteen days. These findings collectively demonstrate the benefit of using SG capped Au-Ag BNPs as an antibacterial agent for the prevention and control of Vibrio sp. Infection in shrimp while reducing the risk of environmental contamination.


Subject(s)
Galactans , Metal Nanoparticles , Penaeidae , Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Vibrio , Animals , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/drug effects , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/physiology , Penaeidae/immunology , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/pharmacology , Vibrio/drug effects , Vibrio/physiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Silver/pharmacology , Silver/chemistry , Gold/chemistry , Gold/pharmacology
11.
Chemosphere ; 363: 142783, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38972459

ABSTRACT

Previous studies have shown that larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), need a source of moisture to grow and perform well. Currently, much research has been oriented towards the effect of dry feed on larval growth and performance. The effect of different wet feeds as moisture source on the performance traits of T. molitor larvae has not been thoroughly investigated yet. This study aims to investigate in laboratory trials the effect of various gelling agents (agar, carrageenans, guar gum, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, modified starch, and pectin) on the growth and performance of T. molitor larvae. A number of 50 newly emerged larvae obtained from the rearings of the LEAZ were inserted in plastic vials together with 4 g of wheat bran as dry feed. Additionally, 1 g of gelling agents was provided 3 times per week as moisture sources. Carrot slices served as control. Larval survival and weight were recorded weekly until the appearance of the first pupa. Dry feed was replenished when depleted. Our data showed that gelling agents efficiently supported the growth of T. molitor larvae, in terms of larval survival and weight, as well as feed utilization expressed as FCR. Interestingly, carrageenans seem to be the most appropriate gelling agent for T. molitor larvae rearing as it can enhance their weight and is also able to reduce their development time and their specific growth rate.


Subject(s)
Daucus carota , Larva , Tenebrio , Animals , Larva/growth & development , Tenebrio/growth & development , Daucus carota/growth & development , Daucus carota/chemistry , Animal Feed , Plant Gums/chemistry , Gels , Carrageenan/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Mannans , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry , Alginates/chemistry , Agar/chemistry
12.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 276(Pt 2): 133940, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39025179

ABSTRACT

In this work, the hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HP-ß-CD)/Epicatechin (EC) clathrate compounds were rapidly prepared based on an ultrasound-mediated method, and Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Locust bean gum (LBG) nanofibers loaded clathrate compounds were fabricated by electrostatic spinning (ELS) for fruit packaging. The results of infrared spectrum and crystal type analysis proved that clathrate compounds were successfully prepared. With the addition of clathrate compounds, the diameter of fibers increased from 553.43 to 1273.47 nm, and hydrogen bonds were formed between clathrate compounds and fibrous membranes, which improved the thermal stability, reduced the crystallinity, and enhanced the hydrophilicity and gas permeability of fibrous membranes. The fibrous membranes indicated sustained release of EC for 240 h, retaining the activity of EC and demonstrating good bacteriostatic ability in vitro and in vivo. The test results showed that the antibacterial fibrous membranes prepared in this work have a positive application prospect for fruit packaging.


Subject(s)
2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin , Food Packaging , Fruit , Galactans , Mannans , Nanofibers , Plant Gums , Polyesters , Plant Gums/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Food Packaging/methods , Nanofibers/chemistry , Polyesters/chemistry , Fruit/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
13.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 275(Pt 2): 133168, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38950801

ABSTRACT

Softness is a crucial criterion in assessing the comfort and usability of tissue paper. Flexible fibers contribute to the softness of the tissue paper by allowing the sheets to conform to the contours of the skin without feeling rough or abrasive. This study focuses on developing innovative CGG/APAM/PDA hydrogels with interpenetrating networks consisting of cationic guar gum, anionic polyacrylamide, and polydopamine for cellulase immobilization, aimed at improving bamboo fiber flexibility. Cellulase biomolecules are efficiently immobilized on CGG/APAM/PDA hydrogels through the Schiff base reaction. Immobilized cellulases have a wider pH applicability than free cellulases, good storage stability, and can maintain high relative activity at relatively high temperatures. The treatment of bamboo fibers with immobilized cellulase results in a significant increase in flexibility, reaching 6.90 × 1014 N·m2, which is 7.18 times higher than that of untreated fibers. The immobilization of cellulases using CGG/APAM/PDA hydrogels as carriers results in a substantial enhancement of storage stability, pH applicability, and inter-fiber bonding strength, as well as the capacity to sustain high relative enzymatic activity at elevated temperatures. The immobilization of cellulase within CGG/APAM/PDA interpenetrating network hydrogels presents a viable strategy for enhancing bamboo fiber flexibility, thereby expanding the accessibility of tissue products.


Subject(s)
Acrylic Resins , Cellulase , Enzymes, Immobilized , Galactans , Hydrogels , Indoles , Mannans , Plant Gums , Polymers , Plant Gums/chemistry , Hydrogels/chemistry , Acrylic Resins/chemistry , Cellulase/chemistry , Cellulase/metabolism , Enzymes, Immobilized/chemistry , Enzymes, Immobilized/metabolism , Indoles/chemistry , Polymers/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Temperature , Sasa/chemistry
14.
Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi ; 40: e20240017, 2024 Jul 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39043473

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This work is aimed to formulate and evaluate Mucoadhesive Microspheres contain Amoxicillin for the effective use in the treatment of H.Pylori. METHODS: Microspheres were prepared using Emulsification-cross linking technique. To this guar gum (GG) and sodium alginate (SA) was dissolved in 200 ml of water and allowed to swell for 24 h at room temperature. And separately chitosan (CH) was dissolved in 2% (v/v) glacial acetic acid and this also kept for 24 h to swell or dissolve properly. After 24 h this swelled mixture was mixed under magnetic stirrer (Remi, India) at specific stirring rate for 1 h in order to find homogeneous mass of both the gum. Then slurry of chitosan also was homogenized for half an hour. The drug, Amoxicillin (1g) was then added to the chitosan solution and mixed homogeneously. RESULTS: The aim of the study was to formulate and evaluate microspheres, for SR of the chosen drug. The particle size of microspheres was in the range of 200-500 µ, maximum mucoadhesive property observed was 57.41% for Optimized formulation F-9, Drug release 68.52% till 8 h, and the maximum entrapment was 94.87% for F-9 formulation. The work also aims to study various parameters affecting the behavior of microspheres in oral dosage form. CONCLUSION: Drugs with short half life that are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are eliminated rapidly from the blood flow. To avoid this, the oral SR was developed as this formulation released the drug slowly into the GIT and maintained a stable drug concentration in the serum for a longer duration of time.


Subject(s)
Alginates , Amoxicillin , Chitosan , Mannans , Microspheres , Plant Gums , Amoxicillin/administration & dosage , Amoxicillin/pharmacokinetics , Amoxicillin/chemistry , Chitosan/chemistry , Plant Gums/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , Alginates/chemistry , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Galactans/chemistry , Particle Size
15.
Carbohydr Polym ; 342: 122324, 2024 Oct 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39048213

ABSTRACT

The system of polysaccharides from Schizymenia dubyi (Nemastomatales) was investigated. It contains a mixture of hybrid dl galactans (SH-S) and carrageenan-like polysaccharides, which were separated by means of precipitation with KCl at high concentrations. The structural features of the carrageenan-like fraction (SH-I) were investigated by methylation analysis, desulfation, uronic acid reduction, and NMR spectroscopy. It was concluded that the structure has the typical alternance α-(1 â†’ 3), ß-(1 â†’ 4) of d-galactose units, with most of the 3-linked units sulfated in O-2 (and some in O-4), and most of the 4-linked units sulfated in O-3, and substituted in O-2 by single stubs of ß-d-glucuronic acid (partly sulfated in each of the three available positions). This substituent has been only seldom found in red seaweed galactans. Rheological studies of 5 % and 10 % w/v SH, SH-S and SH-I aqueous systems, either without ions, or in KCl or CaCl2 solution gave thickening behaviors. Their random coil conformations justify the pseudoplastic behavior observed in the viscosity versus shear rate curves. As SH-S and SH-I are both contained in SH, an interpenetrating network could form in SH between the glucurono-carrageenan and the agaran, as inferred from the mechanical spectra recorded in water, especially with potassium ion.


Subject(s)
Carrageenan , Rheology , Carrageenan/chemistry , Viscosity , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Galactans/chemistry , Rhodophyta/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
16.
Carbohydr Polym ; 342: 122417, 2024 Oct 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39048243

ABSTRACT

RSA-1 is a polysaccharide obtained from Raphani semen with a relatively clear structure and anti-colon cancer activity. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were applied to characterise the complex chain structure of RSA-1. Subsequently, the inhibitory effect on colon cancer growth through apoptosis induction in colon cancer cells was explored. The findings indicate that the main chain of RSA-1 consists of →3)-ß-D-Galp-(1 â†’ and 3,6)-ß-D-Galp-(1 â†’ substituted at C-6 with branched α-L-Araf side chains. RSA-1 disrupts the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and thus inhibits the viability of colon cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, it inhibits colon cancer migration by attenuating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Notably, RSA-1 exhibited negligible impact on the growth of human intestinal epithelial cells within a relevant concentration range. This study establishes a theoretical foundation and provides technical support for the prospective development and application of RSA-1 as a dual-purpose anti-colon cancer drug and functional food.


Subject(s)
Colonic Neoplasms , Galactans , Humans , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/pharmacology , Galactans/isolation & purification , Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
17.
Int J Pharm ; 661: 124450, 2024 Aug 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38986968

ABSTRACT

Wounds pose a formidable challenge in healthcare, necessitating the exploration of innovative tissue-healing solutions. Traditional wound dressings exhibit drawbacks, causing tissue damage and impeding natural healing. Using a Microwave (MW)-)-assisted technique, we envisaged a novel hydrogel (Hg) scaffold to address these challenges. This hydrogel scaffold was created by synthesizing a pH-responsive crosslinked material, specifically locust bean gum-grafted-poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc)], to enable sustained release of c-phycocyanin (C-Pc). Synthesized LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) was fine-tuned by adjusting various synthetic parameters, including the concentration of monomers, duration of reaction, and MW irradiation intensity, to maximize the yield of crosslinked LBG grafted product and enhance encapsulation efficiency of C-Pc. Following its synthesis, LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) was thoroughly characterized using advanced techniques, like XRD, TGA, FTIR, NMR, and SEM, to analyze its structural and chemical properties. Moreover, the study examined the in-vitro C-Pc release profile from LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) based hydrogel (HgCPcLBG). Findings revealed that the maximum release of C-Pc (64.12 ± 2.69 %) was achieved at pH 7.4 over 48 h. Additionally, HgCPcLBG exhibited enhanced antioxidant performance and compatibility with blood. In vivo studies confirmed accelerated wound closure, and ELISA findings revealed reduced inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1ß, TNF-α) within treated skin tissue, suggesting a positive impact on injury repair. A low-cost and eco-friendly approach for creating LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) and HgCPcLBG has been developed. This method achieved sustained release of C-Pc, which could be a significant step forward in wound care technology.


Subject(s)
Acrylamide , Galactans , Hydrogels , Mannans , Plant Gums , Polymerization , Wound Healing , Plant Gums/chemistry , Mannans/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Wound Healing/drug effects , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Animals , Hydrogels/chemistry , Acrylamide/chemistry , Male , Acrylates/chemistry , Delayed-Action Preparations , Drug Liberation , Microwaves , Rats , Acrylamides
18.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 96(3): e20230073, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38896737

ABSTRACT

In this study, the Box-Behnken experimental planning was used to optimize the extraction of polysaccharides from the cell wall of Rhizopus microspore var. oligosporus, with analysis of the quantitative effects of parameters pH, temperature and extraction time for polysaccharide yield. The optimal conditions for extraction were determined by the regression equation and evaluation of the response surface graphs, which indicated: pH 13, temperature of 120ºC and time of 60 min, with maximum yield around 18.5%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated typical polysaccharide signals. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and monosaccharide analysis indicated a ß(1,3) ß(1,6) glucogalactan. The polysaccharide exhibited an average molecular weight of 120 kDa and a polymerization degree of 741. Antioxidant assays in vitro revealed the potential of polysaccharide in elimination of ABTS+ radical and hydroxyl radicals. EC50 values for free radical elimination were 7.69 and 17.8 mg/mL, for ABTS+ and hydroxyls, respectively. The polysaccharides showed potential for α-amylase inhibition with an EC50 of 1.66 mg/mL. The results suggest that ß(1,3) ß(1,6) glucogalactan from Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus can be used in biotechnological applications.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Rhizopus , alpha-Amylases , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , alpha-Amylases/antagonists & inhibitors , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Galactans/isolation & purification , Galactans/pharmacology , Galactans/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Enzyme Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
19.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 273(Pt 1): 132825, 2024 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38852724

ABSTRACT

Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn (liquorice) has been widely used for therapeutic purposes to treat digestive disorders, immunomodulatory disorders, inflammatory disorders, diabetes, viral infections, and cancer. Liquorice contains a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including glycyrrhizin, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Several factors compromise their therapeutic efficacy, such as poor pharmacokinetic profiles and physicochemical properties. Therefore, to improve its overall effectiveness, liquorice solid dispersion (LSD) was incorporated into biopolymer-based guar gum-grafted-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (Guar gum-g-AMPS) hydrogels designed for controlled delivery via the oral route and characterized. The qualitative analysis of LSD revealed 51 compounds. Hydrogel structural properties were assessed for their effect on swelling and release. The highest swelling ratio (6413 %) and drug release (84.12 %) occurred at pH 1.2 compared to pH 7.4 (swelling ratio of 2721 % and drug release of 79.36 %) in 48 h. The hydrogels exhibited high porosity (84.23 %) and biodegradation (9.30 % in 7 days). In vitro hemolysis tests have demonstrated the compatibility of the hydrogel with blood. CCK-8 assay confirmed the biocompatibility of the synthesized hydrogel using osteoblasts and RIN-m5f cells. LSD exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity when loaded into hydrogels after being subjected to protein denaturation experiments. Moreover, LSD-loaded hydrogels have good antioxidant and antibacterial properties.


Subject(s)
Delayed-Action Preparations , Drug Liberation , Galactans , Hydrogels , Mannans , Plant Gums , Plant Gums/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Galactans/pharmacology , Hydrogels/chemistry , Hydrogels/pharmacology , Mannans/chemistry , Mannans/pharmacology , Glycyrrhiza/chemistry , Humans , Animals , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Drug Carriers/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Cell Line
20.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 273(Pt 1): 132824, 2024 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38857736

ABSTRACT

Herein, we synthesized hydrogel films from crosslinked polyethylene oxide (PEO) and guar gum (GG) which can offer hydrophilicity, antibacterial efficacy, and neovascularization. This study focuses on synthesis and material/biological characterization of rosemary (RM) and citric acid (CA) loaded PEO/GG hydrogel films. Scanning Electron Microscopy images confirmed the porous structure of the developed hydrogel film matrix (PEO/GG) and the dispersion of RM and CA within it. This porous structure promotes moisture adsorption, cell attachment, proliferation, and tissue layer formation. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) further validated the crosslinking of the PEO/GG matrix, as confirmed by the appearance of C-O-C linkage in the FTIR spectrum. PEO/GG and PEO/GG/RM/CA revealed similar degradation and release kinetics in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium, Simulated Body Fluid, and Phosphate Buffer Saline (degradation of ∼55 % and release of ∼60 % RM in 168 h.). The developed hydrogel film exhibited a zone of inhibition against Escherichia. coli (2 mm) and Staphylococcus. aureus (9 mm), which can be attributed to the presence of RM in the hydrogel film. Furthermore, incorporating CA in the hydrogel film promoted neovascularization, as confirmed by the Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. The developed RM and CA-loaded PEO/GG-based hydrogel films offered suitable in-vitro properties that may aid in potential wound healing applications.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Drug Liberation , Galactans , Hydrogels , Mannans , Plant Gums , Polyethylene Glycols , Mannans/chemistry , Galactans/chemistry , Plant Gums/chemistry , Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry , Hydrogels/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Kinetics , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Chorioallantoic Membrane/drug effects , Drug Carriers/chemistry
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