Subject(s)
Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology , Hepatitis D, Chronic/epidemiology , Hepatitis Delta Virus/isolation & purification , Massive Hepatic Necrosis/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Hepacivirus/isolation & purification , Hepatitis Antibodies/isolation & purification , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification , Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis , Hepatitis B, Chronic/virology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis C, Chronic/diagnosis , Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology , Hepatitis D, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis D, Chronic/diagnosis , Hepatitis D, Chronic/virology , Hepatitis Delta Virus/genetics , Hepatitis Delta Virus/immunology , Humans , Indigenous Peoples/statistics & numerical data , Male , Massive Hepatic Necrosis/diagnosis , Massive Hepatic Necrosis/virology , Middle Aged , RNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Venezuela/epidemiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Massive Hepatic Necrosis/epidemiology , Massive Hepatic Necrosis/history , Coronary Care Units/history , Coronary Care Units/trends , Liver Diseases/epidemiology , Liver Transplantation/methods , Liver Transplantation/history , Liver Diseases/etiology , Liver Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Estudiar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de 43 casos de hepatitis aguda, 5 casos de hepatitis fulminante y uno de hepatitis crónica causados por el virus de la hepatitis E (VHE), detectados en un periodo de 7 ańos. Pacientes Cuarenta y nueve (35 varones y 14 mujeres) pacientes atendidos entre 2004 y 2011 en el Hospital Ramón y Cajal, en la Comunidad de Madrid. El diagnóstico se realizó por detección de anticuerpos IgG e IgM anti-VHE y ARN VHE en suero. Se consideró el diagnóstico de hepatitis E aguda cuando el paciente presentaba un cuadro clínico compatible con hepatitis aguda y se detectó IgM anti-VHE y/o ARN VHE en suero; la hepatitis E crónica se definió por la presencia de ARN del VHE en suero por un periodo de tiempo mayor de 6 meses, y el fallo hepático fulminante E cuando se observó un deterioro severo de la función hepática asociado encefalopatía en presencia de IgM anti-VHE y/o ARN VHE en suero. RESULTADOS: La edad media fue de 46,67 y 49,6 ańos en los enfermos con hepatitis aguda y fulminante, respectivamente. Entre los antecedentes epidemiológicos, 13 referían viaje a zonas endémicas, 4 tenían contacto con animales, 4 tenían esteatosis hepática relacionada con consumo de alcohol, 3 consumían regularmente productos de herbolario y 2 bebían agua de arroyos. DISCUSIÓN: El VHE origina hepatitis aguda autolimitada, aunque el 36,73% requirieron hospitalización. Sin embargo, el 10,2% comenzaron con hepatitis fulminante, necesitando trasplante hepático. La hepatitis E crónica es excepcional en inmunocompetentes. El aumento de incidencia es debido a la mayor facilidad de diagnóstico en estos últimos ańos
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and epidemiological profiles of in 43cases of acute hepatitis, 5 cases of fulminant hepatitis, and one of chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis E virus (HEV), detected over a 7-year period. PATIENTS: Forty-nine individuals (33male and 10female) treated between 2004 and 2011 in the Hospital Ramón y Cajal (Comunidad de Madrid, Spain). The diagnosis was made by the detection of IgG and IgM anti-HEV and RNA HEV in serum samples. Acute hepatitis E was defined by the presence of IgM anti-HEV and/or RNA HEV in serum, and chronic hepatitis E if the ARN was detectable more than 6months. Fulminant hepatitis E was diagnosed if encephalopathy was observed in addition to IgM anti-HEV and/or RNA HEV in serum. RESULTS: The median age was 46.67 and 49.6years in acute hepatitis E and fulminant hepatitis E, respectively. The risk factors recorded were travel to endemic areas in 13 patients, 4 were in contact with animals, 4suffered from hepatic steatosis due to alcohol consumption, 3consumed uncontrolled foods, and 2drank water from streams. DISCUSSION: HEV is the cause of acute self-limited hepatitis, although 36.73% of the studied cases had to be hospitalised. However a small number of patients, 10.2%, had fulminant hepatitis requiring liver transplant. Chronic hepatitis E is very infrequent in immunocompetent individuals. The increase in incidence of hepatitis E is due to the introduction of better diagnostic tests in recent year
