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1.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(32): e39270, 2024 Aug 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39121255

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor, especially the giant one from the abdominal pelvic cavity. We report on a rare case of a giant SFT of the abdominal pelvic cavity to review the existing literature in detail to improve the diagnosis and treatment of SFT. PATIENT CONCERNS: The patient is a 52-year-old female who presented with 2 weeks of abdominal distension. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging showed a giant mass (>20 cm) in the abdominal pelvic cavity, considered a mesenchymal tumor. She denies a history of tumor disease. DIAGNOSES: A whole abdomen bulge and a mass of about 18 cm × 10 cm on the right side and middle side were found in the physical examination after admission. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography revealed a giant cystic-solid mass located on the middle and right side of the abdominal pelvic cavity, measuring approximately 20.4 cm × 11.7 cm, with multiple cystic changes and necrosis and compression of adjacent organs and tissues, and marked inhomogeneous enhancement. INTERVENTIONS: The patient underwent an open abdominal pelvic cavity giant tumor operation to achieve a radical resection, and did not undergo chemotherapy or radiotherapy. OUTCOMES: The patient underwent open complete resection of a giant abdominal pelvic tumor with no complications and was diagnosed as SFT according to the pathology, immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor tested positive for CD34(+), STAT-6(+), and Ki-67 (10%). Abdominal computed tomography scans were performed 6 months after resection, and no signs of recurrence or metastasis were found. LESSONS: The clinical symptoms and imaging features of giant abdominal pelvic cavity SFT are not typical. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult and has the potential for malignancy. Based on the results of the current study, there is no standard treatment strategy around the world and the therapeutic effect of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is relatively limited. Thus, complete surgical resection and close clinical follow-up are advocated.


Subject(s)
Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Female , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Abdominal Neoplasms/pathology , Abdominal Neoplasms/surgery , Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pelvic Neoplasms/surgery , Pelvic Neoplasms/pathology , Pelvic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pelvic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Abdominal Cavity/pathology , Abdominal Cavity/diagnostic imaging , Abdominal Cavity/surgery
2.
Acta Neurochir (Wien) ; 166(1): 320, 2024 Aug 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39093339

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Meningeal solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) and haemangiopericytoma (HPC) are uncommon tumours that have been merged into a single entity in the last 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. To describe the epidemiology of SFT/HPC operated in France and, to assess their incidence. METHODS: We processed the French Brain Tumour Database (FBTDB) to conduct a nationwide population-based study of all histopathologically confirmed SFT/HPC between 2006 and 2015. RESULTS: Our study included 399 SFT/HPC patients, operated in France between 2006 and 2015, in one of the 46 participating neurosurgical centres. The incidence reached 0.062, 95%CI[0.056-0.068] for 100,000 person-years. SFT accounted for 35.8% and, HPC for 64.2%. The ratio of SFT/HPC over meningioma operated during the same period was 0.013. SFT/HPC are about equally distributed in women and men (55.9% vs. 44.1%). For the whole population, mean age at surgery was 53.9 (SD ± 15.8) years. The incidence of SFT/HPC surgery increases with the age and, is maximal for the 50-55 years category. Benign SFT/HPC accounted for 65.16%, SFT/HPC of uncertain behaviour for 11.53% and malignant ones for 23.31%. The number of resection progresses as the histopathological behaviour became more aggressive. 6.7% of the patients with a benign SFT/HPC had a second surgery vs.16.6% in case of uncertain behaviour and, 28.4% for malignant SFT/HPC patients. CONCLUSION: Meningeal SFT and HPC are rare CNS mesenchymal tumours which both share common epidemiological characteristics, asserting their merging under a common entity. SFT/HPC incidence is less that one case for 1 billion per year and, for around 100 meningiomas-like tumours removed, one SFT/HPC may be diagnosed. SFT/HPC are equally distributed in women and men and, are mainly diagnosed around 50-55 years. The more aggressive the tumour, the higher the probability of recurrence.


Subject(s)
Hemangiopericytoma , Meningeal Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , France/epidemiology , Hemangiopericytoma/epidemiology , Hemangiopericytoma/pathology , Hemangiopericytoma/surgery , Hemangiopericytoma/diagnosis , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Meningeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Meningeal Neoplasms/pathology , Meningeal Neoplasms/surgery , Meningeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/epidemiology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Incidence , Young Adult , Meningioma/epidemiology , Meningioma/pathology , Meningioma/surgery , Meningioma/diagnosis , Adolescent , Aged, 80 and over , Child
3.
Cesk Patol ; 60(2): 120-123, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39138014

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumour is a relatively rare soft tissue fibroblastic tumour, accounting for approximately 2% of soft tissue tumours. It has been described primarily as a tumour of the pleural cavity; however, up to 70% of cases occur elsewhere, in any anatomical location, which can make diagnosis difficult. If this is the diagnosis being considered, the STAT6 antibody is currently available with high sensitivity and specificity. In this paper we describe the case of a 72-year-old female patient, followed up and treated by an outpatient endocrinologist for a multinodular euthyroid goitre for several years. Due to complete nodular remodelling of the left lobe of the thyroid gland and sonographic findings of several small nodules in the right lobe of the thyroid gland, total thyroidectomy was recommended to the patient. The operation was performed at the ENT department in Jindrichuv Hradec Hospital. Material from the operation was subsequently sent for histopathological examination. Several hyperplastic colloid nodules and a small oncocytic adenoma were detected microscopically in the right lobe of the thyroid gland. In the left lobe, an imprecisely delineated, greyish-white lesion measuring 2 x 1.8 x 1.5 cm was observed on the section. Microscopically, the tumour consisted of spindle-shaped cells in a focally hyalinised stroma. In the immunohistochemical examination, tumour cells reacted positively with the CD34 antibody, and negatively with antibodies against thyroglobulin, cytokeratins (CK AE1/AE3) and S100 protein. Further immunohistochemical examinations (Bcl2, CD99, STAT6) with positive results were supplemented upon consultation at a higher facility. Based on morphology and the results of the immunohistochemical examinations, the tumour was diagnosed as a solitary fibrous tumour of the thyroid gland. This is a relatively unusual finding in this location; according to literature, only a few dozen cases have been described.


Subject(s)
Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Thyroid Neoplasms , Humans , Female , Aged , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery
4.
World J Surg Oncol ; 22(1): 179, 2024 Jul 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38982409

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare fibroblastic mesenchymal tumor that mostly involves the pleura and infrequently involves extra-pleural sites. De novo SFT of the kidney is uncommon, and malignant SFT is extremely rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 51-year-old man with a large malignant SFT in the left kidney. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of SFT based on typical morphology, nuclear STAT6 expression, and NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion. The malignant subtype was determined by a large tumor size (≥ 15 cm) and high mitotic counts (8/10 high-power fields). KRAS mutation was identified by DNA sequencing. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) was diffusely and strongly expressed in tumor cells, however, hypoglycemia was not observed. Hyperglycemia and high adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration were observed one month after surgery. Hormone measurements revealed normal blood cortisol and aldosterone levels, and increased urinary free cortisol level. A pituitary microadenoma was identified using brain magnetic resonance imaging, which may be responsible for the promotion of hyperglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: We report a case of renal malignant SFT with a KRAS mutation, which was previously unreported in SFT and may be associated with its malignant behavior. Additionally, we emphasize that malignant SFT commonly causes severe hypoglycemia due to the production of IGF2. However, this effect may be masked by the presence of other lesions that promote hyperglycemia. Therefore, when encountering a malignant SFT with diffuse and strong IGF2 expression and without hypoglycemia, other lesions promoting hyperglycemia need to be ruled out.


Subject(s)
Hypoglycemia , Insulin-Like Growth Factor II , Kidney Neoplasms , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/metabolism , Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/genetics , Male , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/metabolism , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/genetics , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism , Kidney Neoplasms/genetics , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hypoglycemia/metabolism , Hypoglycemia/etiology , Hypoglycemia/pathology , Hypoglycemia/diagnosis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics , Prognosis , Mutation
5.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38858118

ABSTRACT

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management and prognostic features of solitary fibrous tumor(SFT) in nasal cavity, sinus and skull base. Methods:The clinical data of 12 patients with STF from nasal cavity, sinus and cranial base admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from April 2014 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 4 patients admitted to the department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery and 8 patients admitted to the department of skull base surgery The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, management and prognosis were analyzed. Results:Twelve patients were included in this research, including 7 males and 5 females. All patients received surgical treatment, and 4 patients also received postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. After follow-up for 12-60 months, 4 patients with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy had a good prognosis, and among 8 patients who did not receive radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 6 patients had good prognosis and 2 patients showed relapse. Four patients with a history of recurrence of SFT after surgery were admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment, in which 1 patient had relapse after surgery, and none had metastasis. Nasal cavity and sinus to skull base SFT is rare. The most effective treatment for this disease is surgical resection, and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation and long-term follow-up can achieve a better prognosis. En bloc resection is the key to treatment success.


Subject(s)
Nasal Cavity , Skull Base Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Male , Female , Nasal Cavity/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/therapy , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Skull Base Neoplasms/therapy , Prognosis , Skull Base , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Nose Neoplasms/therapy , Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/therapy
6.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform ; 95(6): 333-336, 2024 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38790123

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In the literature, central serous retinopathy (CSR) accompanying solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) in a pilot has not been reported. In airline pilots, mass effect-related symptoms such as diplopia, ptosis, etc., seen with orbital tumors may endanger flight safety.CASE REPORT: A 62-yr-old male commercial airline pilot presented with blurred vision in the right eye. He had been receiving treatment for 2 mo because of CSR. His visual acuity was 10/20 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left. During examination, ptosis and exophthalmos were noticed in the right eye. Ocular movements were free in all cardinal directions and there was downward displacement in the right eye. There was no diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 1.5- to 2-cm well-defined contrast-enhancing mass in the lateral extraconal orbit. His medical flight certificate was suspended for 3 mo due to decreased visual acuity and superior visual defect. Superior orbitotomy was performed without any complication. Ptosis and CSR had regressed 1 wk after surgery. All systemic and ophthalmological examinations met aviation medical certificate requirements. He returned to flight on the condition of being checked every 3 mo. At the 1-yr follow-up, there was no sign of recurrences of SFT or CSR.DISCUSSION: SFTs are slow-growing neoplasms that can manifest symptoms related to mass effect. In the current literature, there are no reported cases of the coexistence of orbital SFT and CSR or pilots able to resume flight duties only 1 wk after a successful orbitotomy and tumor resection surgery.Altinbas M, Ozpinar A, Akbaba M, Nacaroglu SA, Sargolzaeimoghaddam M, Sargolzaeimoghaddam M. Orbital solitary fibrous tumor in a commercial airline pilot. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(6):333-336.


Subject(s)
Aerospace Medicine , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Orbital Neoplasms , Pilots , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Male , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnostic imaging , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Orbital Neoplasms/surgery , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnosis , Visual Acuity/physiology , Vision Disorders/etiology
7.
BMJ Case Rep ; 17(4)2024 Apr 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38649243

ABSTRACT

A male in his 20s, a tobacco chewer, presented to the outpatient department with a history of painless, slowly progressive swelling in the floor of the mouth. After a thorough history and clinical examination, MRI was done and the tumour was completely excised. Histopathological examination revealed the mass to be a solitary fibrous tumour, confirmed with immunohistochemical markers. On subsequent follow-ups, the patient was found to be asymptomatic with no clinical signs of recurrence.


Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mouth Floor , Mouth Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Male , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnostic imaging , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/surgery , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mouth Floor/pathology , Adult , Young Adult
9.
Clin J Gastroenterol ; 17(3): 396-400, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38472638

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm most often arising from the pleura and rarely in extra-pleural locations, including the gastrointestinal tract. We describe two cases of a SFT presenting as submucosal colonic lesion and review the literature on this lesion. One submucosal lesion was localized in the cecum and was 10 mm in size. The second lesion presented as a 17 mm submucosal rectal lesion. Both lesions presented as well-circumscribed submucosal lesions arranged in short fascicles, blending with abundant collagenous stroma. In both cases, the spindle cells were positive for CD34, STAT6 and CD99, and molecular studies showed NAB2:STAT6 fusion supporting the diagnosis of SFT. Both patients are alive and well 10 and 5 years post-excision, respectively. In conclusion, SFT can occur in the colon as a submucosal lesion and should be included in the differential diagnosis of colonic mesenchymal lesions.


Subject(s)
Colonic Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnostic imaging , Male , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Female , STAT6 Transcription Factor/analysis , STAT6 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Aged , Antigens, CD34/analysis , Antigens, CD34/metabolism , Colonoscopy , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Intestinal Mucosa/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Repressor Proteins
11.
Diagn Cytopathol ; 52(10): 598-602, 2024 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38488743

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare fibroblastic tumor with spindle cell morphology, which is characterized by a prominent branching vasculature and a NAB2-STAT6 gene rearrangement. SFT may occur in any anatomical site and may involve salivary glands, including the parotid gland. We present a young female with a primary parotid SFT diagnosed as "neoplasm-Salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP)" per the Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with surgical pathology follow-up. Cytomorphology of SFT is diverse and overlaps with more common entities causing a diagnostic challenge. Non-diagnostic FNA results are not uncommon. Thankfully, the majority of SFTs involving the salivary gland can be identified as "neoplasm" on FNA. The Neoplasm-SUMP subcategory is considered for the majority of cases, which would warrant a diagnostic excision with clear surgical margins, which is also curative in most cases. The Neoplasm-SUMP also perfectly encompasses the neoplastic behavior of SFT, which runs on a scale from indolent to malignant.


Subject(s)
Parotid Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Female , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Parotid Neoplasms/pathology , Parotid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Adult , Parotid Gland/pathology , Cytology
12.
Pathol Res Pract ; 256: 155240, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38492357

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms constituting less than 2% of all soft tissue tumors. They typically originate in the thoracic cavity, mainly in the pleura, but can also occur in other various sites such as lung parenchyma, pericardium, and bronchus. In this study, a 49-year-old non-smoking female with a history of allergies presented to our pulmonary clinic with a chronic cough. An explorative bronchoscopy revealed an intrabronchial mass in the left superior bronchi, and a 68 Ga-DOTATOC positron emission computed tomography suggested a carcinoid tumor. Subsequent pulmonary segmentectomy unveiled a well-circumscribed polypoid lesion diagnosed as a low-grade bronchus SFT through histopathological and immunohistochemical assessments. The patient was asymptomatic after surgical excision and showed no other lesion during the 6-month follow-up. The endobronchial location of SFT is uncommon, with only a few reported cases in the literature, underscoring the necessity of considering various differential diagnoses, including carcinoid, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, endobronchial pleomorphic adenoma, hamartoma, leiomyoma, and metastasis, depending on location and imaging features. This report underscores the importance of careful histological and immunohistochemical evaluation in understanding and appropriately stratifying the risk associated with polypoid lesions.


Subject(s)
Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue , Soft Tissue Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Bronchi/pathology , Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue/diagnosis
13.
Oral Oncol ; 150: 106715, 2024 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38340546

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) represents an uncommon spindle cell sarcoma predominantly situated within soft tissue, with a notably infrequent occurrence in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In this report, we present a case involving a middle-aged male with a sizable solitary fibrous tumor affecting both the nasal and oral cavities.


Subject(s)
Nose Neoplasms , Paranasal Sinuses , Sarcoma , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis , Nose Neoplasms/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Paranasal Sinuses/pathology , Nasal Cavity/pathology , Sarcoma/pathology
14.
Diagn Pathol ; 19(1): 40, 2024 Feb 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38388450

ABSTRACT

Fat-forming solitary fibrous tumor is a rare and specific subtype of solitary fibrous tumor. In this case, a mass of 8.3 cm in diameter was found in a 59-year-old male patient's right retroperitoneum, as revealed by abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images. The tumor exhibited a well-circumscribed nature and histological features characterized by a combination of hemangiopericytomatous vasculature and mature adipose tissue, comprising around 70% of the total tumor composition. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed diffuse positive expression of STAT6 and CD34 in the tumor cells. Based on these findings, the final diagnosis was determined to be a fat-forming solitary fibrous tumor located in the retroperitoneum. It is important to consider other potential differential diagnoses, including angiomyolipoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, spindle cell lipoma, and atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma.


Subject(s)
Lipoma , Liposarcoma , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Lipoma/diagnosis , Lipoma/genetics , Liposarcoma/genetics , Liposarcoma/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/genetics , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
15.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol ; 150(2): 107, 2024 Feb 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38418608

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: As the form of World Health Organization Central Nervous System (WHO CNS) tumor classifications is updated, there is a lack of research on outcomes for intracranial combined solitary-fibrous tumor and hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC). This study aimed to explore conditional survival (CS) pattern and develop a survival prediction tool for intracranial SFT/HPC patients. METHODS: Data of intracranial SFT/HPC patients was gathered from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute. The patients were split into training and validation groups at a 7:3 ratio for our analysis. CS is defined as the likelihood of surviving for a specified period of time (y years), given that the patient has survived x years after initial diagnosis. Then, we used this definition of CS to analyze the intracranial SFT/HPC patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and best subset regression (BSR) were employed to identify predictive factors. The Multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to establish a novel CS-based nomogram, and a risk stratification system was developed using this model. RESULTS: From the SEER database, 401 patients who were diagnosed with intracranial SFT/HPC between 2000 and 2019 were identified. Among them, 280 were included in the training group and 121 were included in the internal validation group for analysis. Our study revealed that in intracranial SFT/HPC, 5-year survival rates saw significant improvement ranging from 78% at initial diagnosis to rates of 83%, 87%, 90%, and 95% with each successive year after surviving for 1-4 years. The LASSO regression and BSR identified patient age, tumor behavior, surgery and radiotherapy as predictors of CS-based nomogram development. A risk stratification system was also successfully constructed to facilitate the identification of high-risk patients. CONCLUSION: The CS pattern of intracranial SFT/HPC patients was outlined, revealing a notable improvement in 5-year survival rates after an added period of survival. Our newly-established CS-based nomogram and risk stratification system can provide a real-time dynamic survival estimation and facilitate the identification of high-risk patients, allowing clinicians to better guide treatment decision for these patients.


Subject(s)
Hemangiopericytoma , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Hemangiopericytoma/diagnosis , Hemangiopericytoma/pathology , Hemangiopericytoma/surgery , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Survival Analysis , Prognosis , Nomograms
16.
Pathol Res Pract ; 254: 155143, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38301364

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are known for their heterogeneous morphology, characterized by a variety of cell shapes and different growth patterns. They can also arise in various anatomical locations, most commonly in extremities and deep soft tissues. Despite this diversity in morphology and location, all SFTs share a common molecular signature involving the NAB2::STAT6 gene fusion. Due to their unpredictable clinical behavior, establishing prognostic factors is crucial. This study aims to evaluate an orbital risk stratification system (RSS) proposed by Huang et al. for use in extraorbital SFTs using a database of 97 cases. The Huang model takes into consideration tumor size, mitotic figures, Ki-67 index, and dominant constituent cell (DCC) as key variables. Survival analysis confirmed the model's predictive value, with higher-risk scores being associated with poorer outcomes. However, in contrast to the orbital SFTs studied by Huang et al., our study did not find a correlation between tumor size and recurrence in extraorbital cases. While the Huang model performs slightly better than other RSS, it falls short on achieving statistical significance in distinguishing recurrence risk groups in extraorbital locations. In conclusion, this study validates the Huang RSS for use in extraorbital SFTs and underscores the importance of considering DCC, mitotic count, and Ki-67 together. However, we found that including tumor size in this model did not improve prognostic significance in extraorbital SFTs. Despite the benefits of this additional RSS, vigilant monitoring remains essential, even in cases classified as low-risk due to the inherent unpredictability of SFT clinical outcomes.


Subject(s)
Hemangiopericytoma , Orbital Neoplasms , Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Orbital Neoplasms/genetics , Prognosis , Ki-67 Antigen , Repressor Proteins/genetics , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/genetics , STAT6 Transcription Factor/genetics , Risk Assessment , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
17.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg ; 40(4): 380-387, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38215460

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To delineate specific imaging characteristics of solitary fibrous tumors, schwannomas, cavernous venous malformations, and well-circumscribed orbital lymphoma. METHODS: Patients undergoing excisional biopsy of solitary fibrous tumor, schwannomas, cavernous venous malformations, or well-circumscribed orbital lymphoma with preoperative MRIs available for review were identified at 3 academic centers in the United States and Australia. An exploratory statistical analysis was performed to identify important radiologic features, which were subsequently included in a random forest model. Histopathologic correlates were evaluated in representative cases. RESULTS: A total of 91 cases were included with a mean age of 52.9 ± 17.2 years. Nearly all solitary fibrous tumors were located in the anterior or mid orbit (87.5%) and they more commonly demonstrated intralesional heterogeneity on T2-weighted imaging (45.5%) ( p < 0.01). Compared with the other tumors, schwannomas tended to be intraconal (66.7%) and were often in the mid or posterior orbit (83.4%) ( p < 0.01). Cavernous venous malformations characteristically demonstrated progressive contrast enhancement (93.9%; p < 0.01). Most lesions in all 4 groups were hypointense on T1-weighted imaging (80%-100%; p = 0.14) and only well-circumscribed orbital lymphoma tended to also be hypointense on T2 (81.8%) ( p < 0.01). Finally, cases of lymphoma had significantly lower apparent diffusion coefficient ratios (0.9 ± 0.2) ( p < 0.001), while the other 3 groups were not significantly different from one another (cavernous venous malformations: 1.8 ± 0.4; schwannomas: 1.8 ± 0.5; and solitary fibrous tumor: 1.6 ± 0.6) ( p = 0.739). CONCLUSIONS: Key features that aid in the differentiation of these 4 tumors from one another include T2 intensity and homogeneity, early contrast-enhancement pattern, and ADC ratio.


Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Orbital Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Orbital Neoplasms/pathology , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnosis , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Female , Male , Adult , Aged , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , Lymphoma/diagnosis , Lymphoma/pathology , Lymphoma/diagnostic imaging , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Neurilemmoma/diagnosis , Neurilemmoma/diagnostic imaging , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Adolescent , Biopsy
18.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd ; 241(1): 15-29, 2024 Jan.
Article in English, German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37967817

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Solitary fibrous tumours are rare. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical features, therapy and outcome of affected patients and to identify factors associated with recurrence. METHODS: Retrospective study of a cohort of 20 patients who underwent surgery for orbital solitary fibrous tumour at the University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between 2002 and 2023. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data as well as tumour follow-up results were collected. Tumour volume and molecular genetic mutations were retrospectively determined. RESULTS: The median patient age was 49.5 years at initial surgery. The left orbit was affected in 65% of cases. The most common clinical symptom was proptosis (80%). This was reported with a mean lateral difference of 3.9 mm (range: 1 - 10 mm). The tumours were localised predominantly in the intra- and extraconal space, craniolateral quadrant and middle third. The median tumour volume was 7.66 cm³ (range 2.15 - 12.57 cm³). In all patients, the diagnosis was made by pathological examination. All tumours investigated showed a NAB2-STAT6 mutation. The most frequently detected mutation was the fusion NAB2 exon 4 - STAT6 exon 2. All patients were initially managed with frontolateral orbitotomy. Incomplete resection (R1-status) occurred in 35% (n = 7). The recurrence rate was 25% (n = 5), with a median disease-free interval of 45.5 months (range 23 - 130). 80% (n = 4) of recurrences were initially R1-resected. CONCLUSION: Orbital solitary fibrous tumours are rare tumours and are clinically manifested by signs of displacement of orbital structures. Diagnosis is made by histology and immunohistochemistry and can be proven with the molecular genetic detection of the NAB2-STAT6 mutation. The therapy of choice is complete surgical resection. R1-resection is more likely in the intraconal location as well as in location in the posterior third of the orbit - due to difficult surgical accessibility. The greatest risk factor for the development of recurrence is incomplete surgical excision. Late recurrences are possible, which is why a long-term connection to a specialised clinic is necessary.


Subject(s)
Orbit , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Middle Aged , Orbit/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/genetics , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery , Prognosis , Immunohistochemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor
19.
Hum Cell ; 37(1): 310-322, 2024 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38070062

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumor/Hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) is a rare subtype of soft tissue sarcoma harboring NAB2-STAT6 gene fusions. Mechanistic studies and therapeutic development on SFT/HPC are impeded by scarcity and lack of system models. In this study, we established and characterized a novel SFT/HPC patient-derived cell line (PDC), SFT-S1, and screened for potential drug candidates that could be repurposed for the treatment of SFT/HPC. Immunohistochemistry profiles of the PDC was consistent with the patient's tumor sample (CD99+/CD34+/desmin-). RNA sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing confirmed the pathognomonic NAB2exon3-STAT6exon18 fusion in both the PDC and the original tumor. Transcriptomic data showed strong enrichment for oncogenic pathways (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, FGF, EGR1 and TGFß signaling pathways) in the tumor. Whole genome sequencing identified potentially pathogenic somatic variants such as MAGEA10 and ABCA2. Among a panel of 14 targeted agents screened, dasatinib was identified to be the most potent small molecule inhibitor against the PDC (IC50, 473 nM), followed by osimertinib (IC50, 730 nM) and sunitinib (IC50, 1765 nM). Methylation profiling of the tumor suggests that this specific variant of SFT/HPC could lead to genome-wide hypomethylation. In conclusion, we established a novel PDC model of SFT/HPC with comprehensive characterization of its genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic landscape, which can facilitate future preclinical studies of SFT/HPC, such as in vitro drug screening and in vivo drug testing.


Subject(s)
Hemangiopericytoma , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Humans , Hemangiopericytoma/genetics , Hemangiopericytoma/diagnosis , Hemangiopericytoma/metabolism , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/genetics , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/pathology , Gene Fusion , Gene Expression Profiling , Cell Line
20.
Int J Surg Pathol ; 32(2): 408-413, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37287277

ABSTRACT

Sinonasal glomangiopericytoma is an uncommon mesenchymal tumor with a perivascular myoid phenotype, which is categorized as a borderline/low-grade malignant soft tissue tumor by the current World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck tumors. Here, we present the case of a 53-year-old woman with an unusual spindle cell morphology of sinonasal glomangiopericytoma arising in the nasal cavity, mimicking solitary fibrous tumor. Microscopically, the tumor showed a cellular proliferation of spindle cells in fascicles including a focal long sweeping arrangement or whorls, or with a storiform growth pattern, associated with hemangiopericytoma-like gaping blood vessels embedded in a fibrous stroma. This arrangement of the spindle cells faintly indicated a solitary fibrous tumor rather than sinonasal glomangiopericytoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positively reactive to not only beta-catenin (in the nuclei) but also CD34, although signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 was negative. Mutational analysis using Sanger sequencing detected a CTNNB1 mutation. We finally diagnosed the tumor as a sinonasal glomangiopericytoma, showing an unusual spindle cell variant. Such unusual spindle cell morphology with CD34-immunoreactivity potentially leads to an incorrect diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor because such prominent fascicles including long sweeping structures, reminiscent of desmoid-type fibromatosis, have scarcely been described in the literature. Hence, careful morphological scrutiny using appropriate diagnostic adjuncts is necessary for correct diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms , Soft Tissue Neoplasms , Solitary Fibrous Tumors , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/diagnosis , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/genetics , Cell Nucleus , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis , Solitary Fibrous Tumors/genetics , Antigens, CD34 , Mutation , beta Catenin/genetics
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