ABSTRACT
A implantação da CME centralizada na Atenção Primária mostrou-se uma alternativa para adequação do serviço de esterilização a legislação vigente. Com base nos resultados do presente estudo, assumimos a proposição de indicação da centralização do serviço de esterilização para todas as unidades de saúde que necessitem de reprocessamento de artigos enquanto uma medida de qualidade e segurança bem como investimento nas questões que precisam de avanço e implementação nas unidades básicas de saúde
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Sterilization/economics , Sterilization/instrumentation , Sterilization/trends , Primary Health Care , Total Quality ManagementABSTRACT
O gerenciamento de custos proporciona condições adequadas às instituições hospitalares para análise dos processos administrativos e assistenciais na busca do equilíbrio entre a oferta de serviços, disponibilidade de recursos financeiros, atendimento a critérios de qualidade e incorporação tecnológica. Considerando-se a importância do CME para a qualidade da assistência, torna-se essencial a reflexão sobre os custos que incidem sobre os processos desenvolvidos, bem como as análises econômicas, a fim de balizar o planejamento e a tomada de decisão por parte do enfermeiro gestor. Sendo assim buscou-se no custeio baseado em atividades (custeio ABC) uma ferramenta eficiente para auxiliar o Enfermeiro gestor do CME no processo de tomada de decisão e também na prática gerencial baseada em evidências. Objetivos: Aplicar o sistema de custeio baseado em atividades no CME de um hospital público avaliando sua eficiência para uma prática gerencial baseada em evidências e também aferir o custo do CME pelo sistema de custeio por absorção comparando o método de custeio por absorção e o custeio baseado em atividades, descrevendo vantagens e desvantagens encontradas e seu apoio ao processo de tomada de decisão. Metodologia: Pesquisa aplicada, descritiva, tipo estudo de caso tendo a aplicação do custeio ABC dividido em quatro etapas. Resultados: Custo unitário médio de R$ 5,33 (US$2,85) por artigo médico-hospitalar processado aferido pelo custeio por absorção. Foram identificadas 25 atividades decorrentes de sete subprocessos, produzindo cinco objetos de custo, sendo o subprocesso Preparo e a atividade montagem e rotulação dos artigos os maiores consumidores de recurso (66,1 e 37,4 %, respectivamente)...
Cost management provides adequate conditions to hospitals for analysis of administrative and assistance processes in finding the balance between the provision of services, availability of financial resources, service quality criteria and the incorporation of technology. Considering the importance of Sterile Processing Department for the quality of care, it is essential to reflect on the costs imposed on the processes developed and the economic analyzes in order to guide the planning and decision making by the nurse manager. Therefore we found in activity-based costing (ABC) an effective tool to assist the nurse manager of Sterile Processing Department in the process of decision-making and also in management practice based on evidence. Objectives: Apply the ABC in Sterile Processing Department at public hospital evaluating their efficiency to a management practice based on evidence and also evaluate the cost of the Sterile Processing Department by comparing the absorption costing method and ABC, describing advantages and disadvantages encountered and their support for the process of decision making. Methodology: Applied research, descriptive, case study with application of ABC costing divided into four stages. Results: Average unit cost of (R$ 5.33/$. 2.85) per article physician-hospital sued measured by absorption costing. We identified 25 activities under seven sub processes, producing five cost objects, and the sub process preparation and the activity assembly and labeling of articles the largest resource consumers (66.1 and 37.4%, respectively). The cost of sterilization of each article was (R$ 6.05/$ 3.23) and disinfection was (R$ 3.03/$ 1.62). It was predominant in the study prior existence of absorption costing unit, providing information absolutely essential to the implementation of ABC...
Subject(s)
Sterilization/economics , Sterilization/organization & administration , Nursing Services/economics , Nursing Services/organization & administration , Cost Control/organization & administrationABSTRACT
This exploratory case study was performed aiming at implementing the Activity-based Costing (ABC) method in a sterile processing department (SPD) of a major teaching hospital. Data collection was performed throughout 2006. Documentary research techniques and non participant closed observation were used. The ABC implementation allowed for learning the activity-based costing of both the chemical and physical disinfection cycle/load: (dollar 9.95) and (dollar 12.63), respectively; as well as the cost for sterilization by steam under pressure (autoclave) (dollar 31.37) and low temperature steam and gaseous formaldehyde sterilization (LTSF) (dollar 255.28). The information provided by the ABC method has optimized the overall understanding of the cost driver process and provided the foundation for assessing performance and improvement in the SPD processes.
Subject(s)
Hospital Costs , Hospital Departments/economics , Sterilization/economics , Cost ControlABSTRACT
Esta pesquisa exploratória descritiva, na modalidade de estudo de caso, teve por objetivo a aplicação do Custeio Baseado em Atividades (ABC) em Centro de Material e Esterilização (CME) de um hospital de ensino de capacidade extra. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante o ano de 2006, utilizando-se as técnicas de análise documental e observação direta não participante. A análise de processos possibilitou o conhecimento dos custos do ciclo/carga de desinfecção química ($9.95) e física ($12.63), e esterilização por vapor saturado sob pressão ($31.37) e por vapor de Baixa Temperatura e Formaldeído Gasoso ($255.28). As informações geradas pelo ABC resultaram na compreensão do processo gerador de custos e forneceram base para a mensuração de desempenho e melhorias de processos do CME.
This exploratory case study was performed aiming at implementing the Activity-based Costing (ABC) method in a Sterile Processing Department (SPD) of a major teaching hospital. Data collection was performed throughout 2006. Documentary research techniques and non participant closed observation were used. The ABC implementation allowed for learning the activity-based costing of both the chemical and physical disinfection cycle/load: ($9.95) and ($12.63), respectively; as well as the cost for sterilization by steam under pressure (autoclave) ($31.37) and low temperature steam and gaseous formaldehyde sterilization (LTSF) ($255.28). The information provided by the ABC method has optimized the overall understanding of the cost driver process and provided the foundation for assessing performance and improvement in the SPD processes.
Esta investigación exploratoria descriptiva efectuada en la modalidad de estudio de caso, tuvo por objetivo la aplicación del Costeo Basado en Actividades (ABC) en un Centro de Material y Esterilización (CME) de un hospital de enseñanza de capacidad extra. La recolección de datos se efectuó durante el año 2006 utilizándose las técnicas de análisis documental y observación directa no participativa. El análisis de procesos posibilitó el conocimiento de los costos de ciclo/carga de desinfección química ($9,95) y física ($12,63), y de esterilización por vapor saturado bajo presión ($31,37) y por vapor de baja temperatura y formaldehido gaseoso ($255,28). Las informaciones generadas por el ABC favorecieron la comprensión del proceso generador de costos y brindaron una base para la medición de desempeño y mejorías de procesos del CME.
Subject(s)
Hospital Costs , Hospital Departments/economics , Sterilization/economics , Cost ControlABSTRACT
Bacillus atrophaeus's spores are used as biological indicators to monitor sterilization processes and as a Bacillus anthracis surrogate in the development and validation of biosafety methods. The regular use of biological indicators to evaluate the efficiency of sterilization processes is a legal requirement for health services. However, its high cost hinders its widespread use. Aiming at developing a cost-effective inoculum medium, soybean molasses and nutrient-supplemented vinasse were evaluated for their effectiveness in solid-state fermentation (SSF). In biomass production, the results demonstrated that all tested compositions favor growth by providing the nutritional demands of the microorganism. Optimum casein peptone and soybean molasses concentration (1.0%, 2.5%, or 4.0%) was determined by a 2((2-0)) factorial experimental design. The results have showed a positive influence of peptone on biomass production. In order to define peptone final concentration (4.0% or 6.0%), a 2(2) factorial experimental design was used. An optimized medium containing 4.0% soybean molasses and 4.0% casein peptone was similar in performance to a synthetic control medium (tryptone soy broth) in dry-heat thermal-resistant spore production by SSF. An experiment performed under optimum SSF conditions resulted in 1.9 x 10(10) CFU g(-1) dry matter with D (160 degrees C) = 5.2 +/- 0.2 min.
Subject(s)
Bacillus/growth & development , Culture Media/standards , Spores, Bacterial/growth & development , Biological Assay , Biomass , Fermentation , Molasses , Peptones , Sterilization/economics , Sterilization/standardsABSTRACT
This study aimed to analyze the reprocessing costs of disposable forceps used in video-assisted surgery. The frequent reuse of these instruments is justified by their high cost. However, few studies have been carried out on this topic. The multiple case study method was applied in three hospitals in the State of São Paulo, using the observation and document analysis techniques. In case number one, the processing cost was R dollars 9.37, R dollars 6.59 for case number two and R dollars 3.31 for case number three. The low cost observed should be analyzed with caution, since it was observed that quality-control plays a role in the final cost. When the quality-control measures are adopted, the reprocessing costs jumped to R dollars 185.19 for case number one, R dollars 595.82 for case number two and to R dollars 363.10 for case number three.
Subject(s)
Disposable Equipment/economics , Surgical Instruments/economics , Video-Assisted Surgery/economics , Video-Assisted Surgery/instrumentation , Brazil , Costs and Cost Analysis , Equipment Reuse , Humans , Quality Control , Sterilization/economicsABSTRACT
In this study, we elaborated criteria to evaluate difficulties in cleaning single-use articles (SVA), which will be used for decision making about investments in the validation of reuse protocols. This methodological research was carried out at a University Hospital and aimed to: identify SVA used and reused at the institution; propose an instrument to measure risk levels of SVA for cleaning; classify SVA using 9 criteria established in the proposed instrument and evaluate its applicability. We identified 32 SVA, whose risks were classified using the colors used in traffic lights, with a view to supporting decision making about reuse. The proposed criteria make it possible to diagnose the risk of cleaning the SVA under analysis, as well as their implications for the safety of the sterilization process.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection/economics , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Disposable Equipment/economics , Disposable Equipment/standards , Sterilization/economics , Sterilization/standards , Brazil , Health Care Costs , Hospitals , HumansABSTRACT
O estudo teve como finalidade contribuir para a atividade de gerenciamento do Centro de Material e Esterilização, buscando identificar alguns parâmetros de produtividade. Foi desenvolvido em um hospital universitário geral, voltado à assistência secundária, no município de São Paulo. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de documentos da Instituição e na observação das tarefas e tempos envolvidos no processamento de dois artigos selecionados como amostra, quais sejam: caixa de herniorrafia e pacote de curativo cirúrgico. Os resultados permitiram classifcar os artigos odonto-médico- hospitalares, processados no CME, segundo sua especificidade (inox, tecido, agulha, caixa, material respitório e material de vidro e borracha), tipo de material, número de itens e número de tarefas envolvidas no processamento de cada tipo de artigo. Calculou-se também a carga horária dos funcionários, segundo a categoria, turno e setor e a sua freqüência em horas. Esses dados foram associados com os de produção do CME no período do estudo (agosto 2000 a julho 2001). A média de produção mensal de 30.466,42 artigos e a capacidade média de produção por hora foi 10,3 artigos por funcionário (considerando 75,0% de horas produtivas). A produção mensal por grupos de artigos distribuiu-se em: material respiratório 6.356 artigos; grupo de campos 4.202; grupo de utensílios 4.014; grupo de curativos 3.891; compressas cirúrgicas 3.103; ataduras 3.099; vidro e borracha 2.402; grupo de instrumental 1.167; grupo de caixas 1.106; grupo de bandejas 1.012 e grupo de agulhas 115. A distribuição por setores usuários tem as seguintes características: o centro cirúrgico recebeu 23.3% dos artigos; o centro obstétrico 14,42%; a emergência 14,62%, representando 52,3% dos artigos. Os outros 16 usuários receberam os 47,7% restantes. Observou-se o tempo de processamento dos artigos, o tempo de espera entre tarefas e tempo de processo automatizado e ) manual: o curativo cirúrgico desde sua entrada no setor de expurgo até o armazenamento foi em média de 295 minutos, sendo 45,42 % em processo e 54,67% em espera; seu processo manual utilizou 46 minutos e o automatizado 88 minutos. O tempo da caixa de herniorrafia 329 minutos, sendo 48,0 % em procedimento e 52,0% em espera; seu processo manual utilizou 60 minutos e o automatizado 98 minutos. Com os dados desta observação, foi possível constatar a utilização das horas de funcionário para o processamento manual dos artigos. Considerando a amostra curativo cirúrgico, o setor expurgo utilizou 59,23% das horas produtivas; a guarda e distribuição 26,31%; a esterilização 10,94% e o preparo 3,28%. Relacionamento com a caixa de herniorrafia, obteve-se que a utilização das horas produtivas para o processo manual foi: no setor preparo 16,20%; no expurgo 11,84%; na guarda e distribuição 7,47% e na esterilização 1,89%.
The present study was developed to identify some productivity indicators at the Sterilization Central Supply (SCS) and also to help RN nurses management activities. It was performed at a General Universitary Hospital which works with secondary level assistance, in São Paulo city. Data base was obtained from institution documents, continuous monitoring of the process within the organization and time dispensed to process two articles selected for the sample. The findings permitted to classify this articles according to its specificity (needle, box, respiratory, glass and rubber material), kind of material and number of items, and also to the number of tasks involved in its process. Related to the employees it was verified the category, shift, section and nursing hours frequency. The data base obtained was associated to the SCS production during the period of the present study (from August to July 2000). The mensal average prodution was 30.466,42 articles and it possible to verify that the average capacity of prodution per hour was 10,3 articles each employee (considering 75% of productivity hours). The mensal production frequency by articles group and its distribution to the users sections obtained were: respiratory material (6.356); surgical cloth (4.202); stainless-steel utilities (4.014); bandage (3.891); dressing (3.103); string (3.099); glass and rubber (2.402); instrumental (1.106); tray (1.012) and needle (115). The 52,3% of the article were distributed as following: Surgical Center received 23,3% articles; Obstetric Center 14,42%; Emergency 14,62%. The 47,7% remained were distributed to the others 16 users. It was also observed the wasting of the within the process, the waiting time between the tasks and the time of manual and automatic process. With the results of this observation it was possible to know the number of hour necessary per employee to manually process the articles included in the sample: surgical bandage pack since the entrance in the expurgation area until the storing average lasting 295 minutes (45,42% with process and 54,67% wating). THe manual process last 46 minutes and the automatic one 88 minutes. The time of herniorrhaphy box last 329 minutes (48% with process and 52% waiting), the manual process last 60 minutes compaired to the automatic one which last 98 minutes. According the surgical bandage kit sample the expurgation area used 59,23% of the productivity hours, the preparation area 3,28%, sterilization process 10,94% and the storage and distribution areas 26,31%. The manual process of herniorrhaphy box: expurgation 11,84%, preparation 16,20%, sterilization 1,89% and storage and distribution 7,47%. The results obtained can help RN nurses to identify how many employees are necessary to manually process the articles. We hope that the present study will contribute to optimize and organize the RN nurses management activities in SCS.