MMP-8, TRAP-5, and OPG Levels in GCF Diagnostic Potential to Discriminate between Healthy Patients', Mild and Severe Periodontitis Sites.

Biomarkers represent promising aids in periodontitis, host-mediate diseases of the tooth-supporting tissues. We assessed the diagnostic potential of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5 (TRAP-5), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) to discriminate between healthy patients', mild and severe periodontitis sites. Thirty-one otherwise healthy volunteers with and without periodontal disease were enrolled at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile. Periodontal parameters were examined and gingival crevicular fluid was sampled from mild periodontitis sites (M; n = 42), severe periodontitis sites (S; n = 59), and healthy volunteer sites (H; n = 30). TRAP-5 and OPG were determined by commercial multiplex assay and MMP-8 by the immunofluorometric (IFMA) method. STATA software was used. All biomarkers showed a good discrimination performance. MMP-8 had the overall best performance in regression models and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, with high discrimination of healthy from periodontitis sites (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.901). OPG showed a very high diagnostic precision (AUC ≥ 0.95) to identify severe periodontitis sites (S versus H + M), while TRAP-5 identified both healthy and severe sites. As conclusions, MMP-8, TRAP-5, and OPG present a high precision potential in the identification of periodontal disease destruction, with MMP-8 as the most accurate diagnostic biomarker.

Effects of strength training and raloxifene on femoral neck metabolism and microarchitecture of aging female Wistar rats.

The aim of this study was to prevent female osteoporosis using strength training (ST), raloxifene (Ral) or a combination of ST plus Ral during the natural female aging process, specifically in the periestropause period. For a total of 120 days, aging female Wistar rats at 18-21 months of age performed ST on a ladder three times per week, and Ral was administered daily by gavage (1 mg/kg/day). Bone microarchitecture, areal bone mineral density, bone strength of the femoral neck, immunohistochemistry, osteoclast and osteoblast surface were assessed. We found that the treatments modulate the bone remodeling cycle in different ways. Both ST and Ral treatment resulted in improved bone microarchitecture in the femoral neck of rats in late periestropause. However, only ST improved cortical microarchitecture and bone strength in the femoral neck. Thus, we suggest that performing ST during the late period of periestropause is a valid intervention to prevent age-associated osteoporosis in females.

Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Markers of Bone Metabolism of Overweight and Obese Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on markers of bone metabolism in overweight and obese nondialysis-dependent patients with chronic kidney disease. METHODS: This is a post-hoc study with 39 sedentary patients (55.5 ± 8.3 years, body mass index 31.2 ± 4.4 kg/m2, estimated glomerular filtration rate 26.9 ± 11.7 mL/minute) who were randomly assigned to the aerobic exercise group (n = 24) or the control group (n = 15). The aerobic training (walking) was prescribed according to ventilatory threshold and was performed 3 times per week during 24 weeks. Carboxylated and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (GLA and GLU), sclerostin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRAP-5b), parathyroid hormone, total alkaline phosphatase (AP), body composition, cardiorespiratory, and functional capacity tests were measured at baseline and after the follow-up. RESULTS: At baseline, carboxylated osteocalcin (GLA) and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (GLU) were inversely correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.64; r = -0.38, respectively). Both osteocalcin fragments were positively correlated with total AP (GLA: r = 0.36; GLU: r = 0.53). An inverse correlation was found between GLA and sclerostin with body fat (r = -0.36; r = -0.46, respectively). GLU was negatively correlated with markers of muscle mass (r = -0.34). TRAP-5b and sclerostin were inversely correlated with 6-minute walk test and time up and go test, respectively (r = -0.34; r = -0.35, respectively). After 24 weeks, all physical capacity parameters increased in the exercise group (P < .001). Except for total AP that increased after 24 weeks in the exercise group (P < .05), no other changes were observed in both groups in relation to the bone metabolism biomarkers investigated. CONCLUSION(S): In this post-hoc study, the aerobic training used did not promote relevant changes in the bone metabolism markers investigated.