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1.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 29(2): e152-e162, Mar. 2024. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-231217

RESUMO

Background: Oral Lichen Planus is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa. The prevalencein adults ranges between 0.5% and 2%, while in children is reported to be about 0,03%. Clinical features of OralLichen Planus could be variable in both adults and children, ranging from painless white hyperkeratotic lesions topainful erythematous atrophic ones.Actually, there are no systematic reviews in the literature on OLP in children, whereby this paper aims to sum-marize all the pathophysiological aspects and identify all cases described in the literature of Oral Lichen Planusin children, reporting their clinical characteristics.Material and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed in online databases including PubMed,Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE. In addition, in order to identify reports not otherwise identifi-able, an analysis of the gray literature was performed on google scholar and in Open Gray.Results: By literature analysis, it emerged that most cases were reported from India. The mean age at time of diag-nosis of the disease was 11 years, ranging from 3 to 17 years. The most frequent pattern was the reticular patternfollowed by plaque-like, erosive, atrophic, sclerosus, and bullous. The buccal mucosa was the most involved oralsite, followed by the tongue, lips and gingiva.Conclusions: Although Oral Lichen Planus in children is rare, it may cause oral discomfort and need to be dif-ferentiated from other oral white lesions and/or chronic ulcers.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Líquen Plano Bucal/diagnóstico , Líquen Plano Bucal/tratamento farmacológico , Úlceras Orais , Medicina Bucal , Saúde Bucal , Patologia Bucal
2.
J Food Sci ; 2024 Mar 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38532705

RESUMO

Wine faults threaten brand recognition and consumer brand loyalty. The objective of this study was to compare the acuteness of e-tongue and human sensory evaluation of wine fault development in Riesling wine over 42 days of storage. Riesling wines uninoculated (control) or inoculated with 104 CFU/mL cultures of Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Acetobacter aceti, Lactobacillus brevis, or Pediococcus parvulus were assessed every 7 days with the e-tongue and a rate-all-that-apply (RATA) sensory panel. After 7 days of storage, the e-tongue detected differences in all four wine spoilage microorganism treatments, compared to control wine, with discrimination indices over 86%. The RATA sensory panel detected significant differences beginning on day 35 of storage, 28 days after the e-tongue detected differences. This study showed that the e-tongue was more sensitive than the human panel as a detection tool, without sensory fatigue. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This research is useful for winemakers seeking additional instrumental methods in the early detection of wine faults. Given the results of this study, the e-tongue can be a useful tool for detecting early chemical changes in white wines that have undergone microbial spoilage, providing winemakers with time to mitigate faults before they surpass sensory thresholds.

3.
bioRxiv ; 2024 Mar 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38496670

RESUMO

Introduction: Stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) has become the predominant method for intracranial seizure localization. When imaging, semiology, and scalp EEG are not in full agreement or definitively localizing, implanted sEEG recordings are used to test candidate seizure onset zones (SOZs). Discovered SOZs may then be targeted for resection, laser ablation, or neurostimulation. If a SOZ is eloquent, resection and ablation are both contraindicated, so identifying functional representation is crucial for therapeutic decision making. Objective: We present a novel functional brain mapping technique that utilizes task-based electrophysiological changes in sEEG during behavioral tasks and test this in pediatric and adult patients. Methods: sEEG was recorded in twenty patients with epilepsy, aged 6-39 (12 female, 18 of 20 patients < 21 years old), who underwent implanted monitoring to identify seizure onset. Each performed 1) visually cued simple repetitive movements of the hand, foot, or tongue while electromyography was recorded, and 2) simple picture naming or verb generation speech tasks while audio was recorded. Broadband changes in the power spectrum of the sEEG were compared between behavior and rest. Results: Electrophysiological functional mapping of movement and/or speech areas was completed in all 20 patients. Eloquent representation was identified in both cortex and white matter, and generally corresponded to classically described functional anatomic organization as well as other clinical mapping results. Robust maps of brain activity were identified in healthy brain, regions of developmental or acquired structural abnormality, and SOZs. Conclusion: Task based electrophysiological mapping using broadband changes in the sEEG signal reliably identifies movement and speech representation in pediatric and adult epilepsy patients.

4.
Clin Chim Acta ; 557: 117854, 2024 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38513931

RESUMO

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is associated with an increased risk of cesarean section and adverse fetal outcomes. Currently, ICP diagnosis depends largely on serum levels of bile acids and lacks sensitivity and specificity for accurate diagnosis. Tongue diagnosis is an important diagnostic tool in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is used in our clinic as complementary treatment and personalized medicine for ICP. However, the molecular basis of the manifestation of greasy white tongue coatings in ICP remains unknown. In this study, we performed untargeted metabolomic profiling of the serum, tongue coating, and saliva of 66 pregnant women, including 22 with ICP. The metabolomic profiles of the serum and tongue coatings showed marked differences between the two clinical groups. Forty-six differentially abundant metabolites were identified, and their relative concentrations correlated with total bile acid levels. These differential metabolites included bile acids, lipids, microbiota- and diet-related metabolites, and exposomes. Conventional biochemical markers, including serum aminotransferases and bilirubin, were not significantly increased in the ICP group, whereas the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly increased as early as the first trimester. Our data provide insights into the pathophysiology of ICP and implicate the gut-liver axis and environmental exposure. Tongue coating has the potential to be a non-invasive diagnostic approach. Further studies are required to validate the clinical utility of these findings.

5.
Arch Oral Biol ; 161: 105933, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38447351

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review summarizes the current knowledge on the association between the oral microbiota and dental caries in adolescents. DESIGN: An electronic search was carried out across five databases. Studies were included if they conducted research on generally healthy adolescents, applied molecular-based microbiological analyses and assessed caries status. Data extraction was performed by two reviewers and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied for quality assessment. RESULTS: In total, 3935 records were reviewed which resulted in a selection of 20 cross-sectional studies (published 2005-2022) with a sample size ranging from 11 to 614 participants including adolescents between 11 and 19 years. The studies analyzed saliva, dental biofilm or tongue swabs with Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization, (q)PCR or Next-Generation Sequencing methods. Prevotella denticola, Scardoviae Wiggsiae, Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus mutans were the most frequently reported species presenting higher abundance in adolescents with caries. The majority of the studies reported that the microbial diversity was similar between participants with and without dental caries. CONCLUSION: This systematic review is the first that shows how the oral microbiota composition in adolescents appears to differ between those with and without dental caries, suggesting certain taxa may be associated with increased caries risk. However, there is a need to replicate and expand these findings in larger, longitudinal studies that also focus on caries severity and take adolescent-specific factors into account.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Microbiota , Humanos , Adolescente , Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Estudos Transversais , Streptococcus mutans , Saliva/microbiologia , DNA
6.
Cancer Res Commun ; 4(3): 796-810, 2024 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38421899

RESUMO

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a tissue ablation technique able to selectively target tumor cells by activating the cytotoxicity of photosensitizer dyes with light. PDT is nonsurgical and tissue sparing, two advantages for treatments in anatomically complex disease sites such as the oral cavity. We have previously developed PORPHYSOME (PS) nanoparticles assembled from chlorin photosensitizer-containing building blocks (∼94,000 photosensitizers per particle) and capable of potent PDT. In this study, we demonstrate the selective uptake and curative tumor ablation of PS-enabled PDT in three preclinical models of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC): biologically relevant subcutaneous Cal-33 (cell line) and MOC22 (syngeneic) mouse models, and an anatomically relevant orthotopic VX-2 rabbit model. Tumors selectively uptake PS (10 mg/kg, i.v.) with 6-to 40-fold greater concentration versus muscle 24 hours post-injection. Single PS nanoparticle-mediated PDT (PS-PDT) treatment (100 J/cm2, 100 mW/cm2) of Cal-33 tumors yielded significant apoptosis in 65.7% of tumor cells. Survival studies following PS-PDT treatments demonstrated 90% (36/40) overall response rate across all three tumor models. Complete tumor response was achieved in 65% of Cal-33 and 91% of MOC22 tumor mouse models 14 days after PS-PDT, and partial responses obtained in 25% and 9% of Cal-33 and MOC22 tumors, respectively. In buccal VX-2 rabbit tumors, combined surface and interstitial PS-PDT (200 J total) yielded complete responses in only 60% of rabbits 6 weeks after a single treatment whereas three repeated weekly treatments with PS-PDT (200 J/week) achieved complete ablation in 100% of tumors. PS-PDT treatments were well tolerated by animals with no treatment-associated toxicities and excellent cosmetic outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE: PS-PDT is a safe and repeatable treatment modality for OCSCC ablation. PS demonstrated tumor selective uptake and PS-PDT treatments achieved reproducible efficacy and effectiveness in multiple tumor models superior to other clinically tested photosensitizer drugs. Cosmetic and functional outcomes were excellent, and no clinically significant treatment-associated toxicities were detected. These results are enabling of window of opportunity trials for fluorescence-guided PS-PDT in patients with early-stage OCSCC scheduled for surgery.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias Bucais , Nanopartículas , Compostos Organotiofosforados , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Animais , Coelhos , Camundongos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/induzido quimicamente , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Bucais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/induzido quimicamente , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico
7.
Oral Oncol ; 150: 106699, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38309198

RESUMO

The purpose of the present study was to perform a systematic review focusing on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) in Fanconi anemia (FA) individuals. Electronic searches were undertaken in five databases supplemented by manual scrutiny and gray literature. Case reports and/or cases series were included. The searches yielded 55 studies describing 112 cases of OSCC (n = 107) and/or OPMD (n = 5) in FA individuals. The mean age at diagnosis of OSCC/OPMD was 27.1 (±9.6) years, and females (51.8 %) were slightly more affected. Ulcer (n = 37) or mass (n = 25) were described as clinical presentations for OSCC and OPMD. White lesions (n = 4) were the most common manifestation in OPMD. Tongue (47.2 %) was the most frequent location. Sixty-one (54.5 %) individuals underwent HSCT. Surgical resection (n = 75) was the main treatment adopted. The estimated rate of OPMD malignant transformation was 1.8 % and recurrences following OSCC excision occurred in 26.8 % of individuals. Overall, at 60 months of follow-up, the probability of survival fell to 25.5 % and at 64 months the probability of recurrence increased to 63.2 %. The present data support the need for strict surveillance of patients with FA, even in the absence of OPMD, for early OSCC detection and reduction of mortality.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Anemia de Fanconi , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Doenças da Boca , Neoplasias Bucais , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Anemia de Fanconi/complicações , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço
8.
BMC Oral Health ; 24(1): 192, 2024 Feb 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38321523

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Moebius syndrome (MS) is a rare, non-progressive, neuromuscular, congenic disease involving the oral maxillofacial region. The present study aimed to describe the oral and extraoral findings in MS patients and their comprehensive dental management. METHODS: A digital search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, restricted to articles in English from Jan 01, 2000, to Apr 02, 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated following the JBI guidelines. Qualitative analysis was carried out on the overall result, extraoral and intraoral manifestations, considering dental management as appropriate. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies were included, and a total of 124 cases of patients with MS were analyzed. The 82% of patients with MS were younger than 15 years of age. The most frequent extraoral manifestations were blinking and visual problems (78,22%), malformations of the upper and lower limbs (58,22%), bilateral facial paralysis (12,90%), lack of facial expression (12.09%), and unilateral facial paralysis (6,45%). On the other hand, the most frequent oral manifestations were tongue deformities (78,22%), micrognathia (37,90%), labial incompetence (36,29%), cleft palate (22,87%), gothic palate (16,12%), microstomia (15,32%), anterior open bite (15,32%), dental caries (8,87%), and periodontal disease (8,06%). The majority of MS patients were treated by pediatric dentistry (60,86%), using a surgical approach (56,52%), and orthodontic and orthopedic maxillary (43,47%) followed by restorative (39,13%), and periodontal treatments (21,73%). CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review demonstrates that patients with MS present a wide variety of oral and extraoral manifestations, for which dental treatments are planned and tailored to each patient in accordance with oral manifestations. These treatments encompass problem resolution and oral health maintenance, incorporating recent techniques in managing and treating patients with MS.


Assuntos
Fissura Palatina , Cárie Dentária , Paralisia Facial , Síndrome de Möbius , Criança , Humanos , Assistência Odontológica
9.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 2024 Feb 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38413200

RESUMO

We have observed a distinct phenomenon of transient oral lingual leukoplakia in infancy and report 22 healthy infants with gray-white plaques on the dorsal tongue with sparing of the tip from four medical centers in three countries. The onset of the eruption ranged from 1 week to 7 months of life and resolved in 19 patients (86%, with 3 patients lost to follow-up). None of the eight patients examined at 1 year of age had residual findings. We believe this is a common entity that can be distinguished from oral candidiasis on clinical and/or laboratory examination and name this entity "transient infantile lingual leukoplakia."

10.
J Oral Pathol Med ; 53(3): 208-216, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38418292

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood analysis is a non-invasive and low-cost technique of prognostic value for several diseases, including oral cancer. Considering the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in tumor-associated inflammation, this study purposed to evaluate the influence of this enzyme on peripheral blood parameters and systemic inflammatory biomarkers during murine oral carcinogenesis. METHODS: A 50 µg/mL solution of 4-nitroquinoleine-N-oxide was provided to 15 C57BL/6J (Nos2+/+ ) and 16 B6.129P2-Nos2tm1Lau /J (Nos2-/- ) for 16 weeks. Animals were followed for 8 weeks after treatment. Blood samples and tongues were collected for hematological and histopathological analyses. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet cell parameters were analyzed. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the systemic immune-inflammation index were also calculated. The depth of invasion of all carcinomas was measured. RESULTS: Differences were found in several blood parameters. The depth of invasion in Nos2-/- was lower than in Nos2+/+ (p = 0.009), and strong correlations were found between depth of invasion and neutrophil count (ρ = -0.68, p = 0.017), lymphocyte count (ρ = 0.72, p = 0.011), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ρ = -0.65, p = 0.025), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (ρ = -0.73, p = 0.013), and systemic immune-inflammation index (ρ = -0.67, p = 0.037) in Nos2-/- mice. CONCLUSION: Inducible nitric oxide synthase seems to have an important role in OSCC invasion and progression, which might be associated to alterations in immune-inflammatory cell dynamics evidenced by peripheral blood and systemic inflammatory biomarkers.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias Bucais , Animais , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/genética , Biomarcadores , Inflamação
11.
Infect Drug Resist ; 17: 665-672, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38405052

RESUMO

The clinical manifestation of superficial candidiasis varies depending on the infectious sites and causative Candida species that brings a great challenge to diagnose or treat without mycological or pathological evidence in clinical settings. Oral mucosal candidiasis and onychomycosis are most common types of superficial candidiasis. Typically, oral mucosal candidiasis manifests as white or erythematous thrush coated on the tongue and other interior oral cavity; and onychomycosis caused by Candida spp. presents with thick, fragile, or cracked fingernails or toenails in yellow or white discoloration. Here, we report one case of patient with a black hairy tongue caused by Candida tropicalis and one case of greenish discolored onychomycosis caused by Candida parapsilosis. The cases of superficial candidiasis with the same discolored lesions were searched in literature and compared with our cases in clinical manifestation, causative pathogen and treatment. These cases highlight the importance of mycological diagnosis for identifying non-Candida albicans Candida species (NCAC) in superficial infections to guide an effective therapy.

12.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(7): e37061, 2024 Feb 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38363943

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Halitosis, the unpleasant odor in the oral cavity, has garnered increased attention and concern due to the growing significance of social interaction. SGE-107, a blend of 3 botanical drugs-Korean goat's beard, Cirsium tanakae, and Basil-with caffeic acid as its indicator component. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of SGE-107 in treating halitosis in patients with mild gastrointestinal symptoms. METHODS: We enrolled 25 participants with oral malodor and dyspeptic symptoms. We assessed the severity of halitosis using the visual analog scale. Throughout a 4-week period of administering SGE-107, we evaluated both objective and subjective parameters, including the halitosis-associated life-quality test, the Korean gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, levels of volatile sulfur compounds, salivary flow rate, oral moisture, tongue index, Winkel tongue coating index, and tongue temperature. RESULTS: After the intervention period, both the visual analog scale (5.88 ±â€…1.03 vs 2.38 ±â€…0.93, P < .001) and the scores of the halitosis-associated life-quality test (31.21 ±â€…11.78 vs 13.83 ±â€…6.38, P < .001) showed significant reductions. The proportion of participants with abnormal levels of methyl mercaptan (a volatile sulfur compound) also significantly decreased (17, 70.8% vs 9, 37.5%, P = .039). Furthermore, there were significant improvements in reflux, constipation, diarrhea, and the total scores on the Korean gastrointestinal symptom rating scale. Throughout the study period, only 2 participants experienced mild adverse events. CONCLUSION: SGE-107 appears to be a safe and effective treatment for halitosis-associated with gastrointestinal symptoms; nevertheless, the limited sample size necessitates further large-scale randomized, controlled studies to confirm our findings.


Assuntos
Cirsium , Halitose , Ocimum basilicum , Humanos , Halitose/tratamento farmacológico , Compostos de Enxofre , Boca , Língua
13.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol ; 90(3): 101396, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38359743

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, epidemiological profile, and clinical characteristics of Oral or Oropharyngeal Mucosal Lesions (OOPML) in patients attended at the Otorhinolaryngology Service of the Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases (INI-FIOCRUZ) from 2005 to 2017. METHODS: Statistical analysis of descriptive data from medical records (gender, age, education level, skin color, origin, smoking, alcoholism, HIV co-infection, time of disease evolution, first symptom, and OOPML location) was performed. RESULTS: Of 7551 patients attended at the service, 620 (8.2%) were included in the study. OOPML were classified into developmental anomalies (n = 3), infectious diseases (non-granulomatous n = 220; granulomatous n = 155), autoimmune diseases (n = 24), neoplasms (benign n = 13; malignant, n = 103), and unclassified epithelial/soft tissue diseases (n = 102). OOPML of infectious diseases (60.5%) and neoplasms (18.7%) were the most frequent. The predominant demographics of patients with OOPML were: males (63.5%), white (53.5%), and those in the fifth to sixth decades of life (43.3%). Local pain (18.1%) and odynophagia (15%) were the most reported first symptoms, and the most frequent OOPML sites were the palatine tonsil (28.5%), hard palate (22.7%), and tongue (20.3%). The median evolution time was three months. CONCLUSIONS: Infectious OOPML were the most frequent, as expected in a reference center for infectious diseases, and thus, they are likely to be less frequent in general care and/or dental services. Underreporting of OOPML is possible, as oral/oropharyngeal examination is often not included in the routine medical examination. Oral cavity/oropharynx examination should be performed by specialists, such as dentists and otorhinolaryngologists, who have the expertise in identifying OOPML, even in incipient/asymptomatic cases. Given the numerous diseases in which OOPML can present, diagnosis could be facilitated by multidisciplinary teams, potentially enabling the early treatment of diseases, and thus, reduce morbidity and improve prognosis. The use of standardized medical records for oral/oropharyngeal systematic examination could provide relevant tools for differential diagnoses and information for new clinical-epidemiological studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3.

14.
J Med Entomol ; 61(2): 465-472, 2024 Mar 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38297491

RESUMO

Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are arthropod-borne viruses that are transmitted by biting midges in the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and can cause hemorrhagic disease in certain ruminants. The objectives of this study were to measure the incidence of BTV and EHDV infections in captive white-tailed deer herd as well as tissues and corresponding presence of Culicoides midges at a location near Clinton, LA. During a 7-yr study with yearly outbreaks of hemorrhagic disease in the deer herd, 15 species of Culicoides were captured using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) black light traps. Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to screen for BTV and EHDV in pools of midges and tissues of deer. From 2012 to 2018, 1,711 pools of midges representing 24,859 specimens were tested, and specimens from 5 of the 15 collected species (Culicoides debilipalpis, Culicoides stellifer, Culicoides venustus, Culicoides haematopotus, and Culicoides crepuscularis) were found to be PCR positive for BTV and EHDV. Most of the BTV-positive pools of biting midges were from specimens of C. debilipalpis and C. stellifer, and most of the EHDV-positive pools were from specimens of C. venustus and C. stellifer. During the 7-yr period, 112 white-tailed deer that died at the study location were PCR positive for BTV or EHDV: detected BTV serotypes were 10 and 12 and EHDV serotypes were 1, 2, and 6. There was a significant increase in BTV/EHDV antibody prevalence in white-tailed deer during the study; antibody-positive rates increased from 15% to 78% in the deer herd of approximately 100 animals.


Assuntos
Vírus Bluetongue , Bluetongue , Ceratopogonidae , Cervos , Vírus da Doença Hemorrágica Epizoótica , Infecções por Reoviridae , Doenças dos Ovinos , Viroses , Animais , Ovinos , Estudos Prospectivos , Incidência , Insetos Vetores , Ruminantes
15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38299277

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Actinomyces species are commensal oral cavity flora that can cause jaw osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis of the jaw by Actinomyces is rare, and its presentation can be confused with many different pathologies. CASE PRESENTATION: This is the case of a 61-year-old female with breast cancer and on chemotherapy as well as non-invasive carcinoma of the tongue who initially presented to the dentist with white spots in the right mandible near the incisors associated with right mandible pain and swelling. Actinomyces-induced osteomyelitis of the mandible was diagnosed. The patient was treated with penicillin V for 6 weeks along with a course of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, which resulted in the complete resolution of the infection. CONCLUSION: In summary, jaw osteomyelitis caused by Actinomyces should always be part of the differential diagnosis; as these organisms are commensal flora, the symptoms manifested are nonspecific, and such a diagnosis could be easily missed, resulting in delay of care and disease progression.

16.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg ; 150(2): 151-156, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38175664

RESUMO

Importance: The likelihood that an oral cavity lesion harbors occult invasive disease after biopsy demonstrating carcinoma in situ (CIS) is unknown. While de-escalated treatment strategies may be appealing in the setting of CIS, knowing whether occult invasive disease may be present and its association with survival outcomes would lead to more informed management decisions. Objective: To evaluate rate of occult invasive disease and clinical outcomes in patients with oral cavity CIS. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a retrospective population-based cohort study using the National Cancer Database and included adults with biopsy-proven oral cavity CIS as the first diagnosis of cancer between 2004 and 2020. Data were analyzed from October 10, 2022, to June 25, 2023. Exposures: Surgical resection vs no surgery. Main Outcomes and Measures: Analyses calculated the rate of occult invasive disease identified on resection of a biopsy-proven CIS lesion. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression with odds ratios and 95% CIs were used to identify significant demographic and clinical characteristics associated with risk of occult invasion (age, year of diagnosis, sex, race and ethnicity, oral cavity subsite, and comorbidity status). Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (OS) were calculated for both unresected and resected cohorts (stratified by presence of occult invasive disease). Results: A total of 1856 patients with oral cavity CIS were identified, with 122 who did not undergo surgery (median [range] age, 65 [26-90] years; 48 female individuals [39.3%] and 74 male individuals [60.7%]) and 1458 who underwent surgical resection and had documented pathology (median [range] age, 62 [21-90] years; 490 female individuals [33.6%] and 968 male individuals [66.4%]). Of the 1580 patients overall, 52 (3.3%) were Black; 39 (2.5%), Hispanic; 1365 (86.4%), White; and 124 (7.8%), other, not specified. Among those who proceeded with surgery with documented pathology, 408 patients (28.0%) were found to have occult invasive disease. Higher-risk features were present in 45 patients (11.0%) for final margin positivity, 16 patients (3.9%) for lymphovascular invasion, 13 patients (3.2%) for high-grade invasive disease, and 14 patients (3.4%) for nodal involvement. For those patients with occult disease, staging according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer's AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, eighth edition, was pT1 in 341 patients (83.6%), pT2 in 41 (10.0%), and pT3 or pT4 disease in 26 (6.4%). Factors associated with greater odds of occult invasive disease at resection were female sex, Black race, and alveolar ridge, vestibule, and retromolar subsite. With median 66-month follow-up, 5-year OS was 85.9% in patients who proceeded with surgical resection vs 59.7% in patients who did not undergo surgery (difference, 26.2%; 95% CI, 19.0%-33.4%). Conclusions and Relevance: This cohort study assessed the risk of concurrent occult invasion with biopsy-proven CIS of the oral cavity, demonstrating that 28.0% had invasive disease at resection. Reassuringly, even in the setting of occult invasion, high-risk disease features were rare, and 5-year OS was nearly 80% with resection. The findings support the practice of definitive resection if feasible following biopsy demonstrating oral cavity CIS.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias Bucais , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Biópsia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia
17.
Virus Genes ; 60(1): 100-104, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38182930

RESUMO

Bluetongue disease is a reportable animal disease that affects wild and farmed ruminants, including white-tailed deer (WTD). This report documents the clinical findings, ancillary diagnostics, and genomic characterization of a novel reassortant bluetongue virus serotype 2 (BTV-2) strain isolated from a dead Florida farmed WTD in 2022. Our analyses support that this BTV-2 strain likely stemmed from the acquisition of genome segments from co-circulating BTV strains in Florida and Louisiana. In addition, our analyses also indicate that genetically uncharacterized BTV strains may be circulating in the Southeastern USA; however, the identity and reassortant status of these BTV strains cannot be determined based on the VP2 and VP5 genome sequences. Hence, continued surveillance based on complete genome characterization is needed to understand the genetic diversity of BTV strains in this region and the potential threat they may pose to the health of deer and other ruminants.


Assuntos
Vírus Bluetongue , Cervos , Animais , Florida , Vírus Bluetongue/genética , Sorogrupo
18.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 29(2): e152-e162, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38288854

RESUMO

BACKGROUND:  Oral Lichen Planus is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa. The prevalence in adults ranges between 0.5% and 2%, while in children is reported to be about 0,03%. Clinical features of Oral Lichen Planus could be variable in both adults and children, ranging from painless white hyperkeratotic lesions to painful erythematous atrophic ones. Actually, there are no systematic reviews in the literature on OLP in children, whereby this paper aims to summarize all the pathophysiological aspects and identify all cases described in the literature of Oral Lichen Planus in children, reporting their clinical characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS:  A systematic review of the literature was performed in online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE. In addition, in order to identify reports not otherwise identifiable, an analysis of the gray literature was performed on google scholar and in Open Gray. RESULTS:  By literature analysis, it emerged that most cases were reported from India. The mean age at time of diagnosis of the disease was 11 years, ranging from 3 to 17 years. The most frequent pattern was the reticular pattern followed by plaque-like, erosive, atrophic, sclerosus, and bullous. The buccal mucosa was the most involved oral site, followed by the tongue, lips and gingiva. CONCLUSIONS: Although Oral Lichen Planus in children is rare, it may cause oral discomfort and need to be differentiated from other oral white lesions and/or chronic ulcers.


Assuntos
Líquen Plano Bucal , Criança , Humanos , Atrofia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Gengiva , Índia , Líquen Plano Bucal/diagnóstico , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente
19.
J Oral Biol Craniofac Res ; 14(1): 39-43, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38179108

RESUMO

Introduction: Tobacco and areca-nut are risk factors for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. Oral cancer is ranked as the commonest among males in Sri Lanka (18.4 %). This research aims to determine the prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use and its association with oral lesions. Method: It is a cross-sectional study using 368 patients attending the Dental Diagnostic Clinic. Details of tobacco and areca-nut use were collected and participants were examined for mucosal lesions. Results: It revealed that 23.9 % had tobacco use. Out of these, 41.1 %, 22.2 % and 36.7 % had smokeless-tobacco use, smoking and both, respectively. Similarly, 25.3 % had areca-nut/betel-quid use and majority (72.8 %) added tobacco to it. Tobacco (93.2 %) and areca-nut (79.6 %) use was higher among males (p < 0.05). Significant associations of areca-nut use with age (p = 0.001) and education level (p = 0.025) were noted. Oral lesions like de-pigmentation, white patches, ulcers, growths and oral sub-mucous fibrosis (OSF) had prevalences of 2.4 % each. Prevalence of pigmentation, lobulated tongue and erosive lesions was 10.6 %, 4.6 % and 1.4 %, respectively. 32.6 % had abnormalities like linea-alba, periodontal problems, pericoronitis and hairy tongue. The study revealed that >90 % of those who used tobacco and areca-nut had oral lesions (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use is high among patients attending the Dental Teaching Hospital, and its association with mucosal lesions is significant. Hence regular awareness programs on the adverse effects of tobacco and areca-nut use should be carried out at the Diagnostic clinic as a preventive measure.

20.
Spec Care Dentist ; 44(1): 184-195, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36872650

RESUMO

AIMS: Radiation caries (RC) is a highly prevalent and chronic complication of head and neck radiotherapy (HNRT) and presents a challenge for clinicians and patients. The present study aimed to assess the impact of RC on the morbidity and mortality outcomes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients were divided into three groups: (1) RC (n = 20), (2) control (n = 20), and (3) edentulous (n = 20). Information regarding the number of appointments, dental procedures, osteoradionecrosis (ORN), prescriptions, and hospital admissions were collected. Mortality outcomes were assessed through disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates. RC patients required more dental appointments (p < .001), restorations (p < .001), extractions (p = .001), and antibiotic and analgesic prescriptions (p < .001). Kaplan-Meier subgroup analyses showed a significantly increased risk of ORN in RC compared to edentulous patients (p = .015). RC patients presented lower DFS rates (43.2 months) than the control and edentulous groups (55.4 and 56.1 months, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: RC impacts morbidity outcomes among cancer survivors due to increased demand for medication prescriptions, multiple specialized dental appointments, invasive surgical treatments, increased risk of ORN, and increased need for hospital admissions.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Osteorradionecrose , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/complicações , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/radioterapia , Osteorradionecrose/complicações , Osteorradionecrose/cirurgia , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Morbidade , Estudos Retrospectivos
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