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1.
Mol Biol Rep ; 50(4): 3053-3062, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36683082

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In homozygous ß-thalassemia, the primary genetic modifiers affecting the clinical severity of ß-thalassemia are genetic variants and the ability to reduce globin chain imbalance, thus resulting in a milder form of thalassemia. However, there are few reports on the molecular genetics of ß-thalassemia in Iraq. METHODS: We performed PCR and DNA sequencing on 40 Iraqi patients who were clinically suspected of having ß-thalassemia. RESULTS: The first genetic sequencing study was conducted in Maysan Governate, Iraq, using patients from various locations to identify novel mutations. There were five novel mutations: 294.T>C 12% (city center and Almajar district), 205. C>T 25% (city center, Alsalam, and Almashrah districts), 289.G>A 38% (Almaymuna and Gleat Salih districts), 49.T>C 32% (city center), and 624.C>A 32% (city center). These mutations were identified among ß-thalassemia patients by two regions of HBB gene 696 bp and 861 bp. CONCLUSIONS: The discovery of new genetic variants helps predict the severity of ß-thalassemia disease. There are relatively few studies in molecular genetics of ß-thalassemia in Iraq, and the new mutations reported here will provide valuable data for the prevention and control of ß-thalassemia in Maysan Governate, Iraq. The results can lead to new genetic sequencing investigations for other Iraqi regions.


Assuntos
Talassemia , Talassemia beta , Humanos , Talassemia beta/epidemiologia , Talassemia beta/genética , Iraque/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Globinas beta/genética , Alelos , Talassemia/genética , Mutação/genética
2.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev ; 22(11): 3533-3541, 2021 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34837910

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in women, and it is a major cause of cancer death worldwide, as well as one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Traditional herbal therapy has been widely used in some developing countries as a complementary and alternative technique. Because of their low toxicity, medicinal edible plants have been allowed to minimize the risk of breast cancer and other diseases. The heart of Phoenix dactylifera is a well-known, safe, and common edible part of the P. dactylifera plant (Hilawi variety). The biological properties of heart of P. dactylifera are unclear, and the appeal warrants further investigation. The aim of this study is to look into the chemical compositions, antioxidant and anticancer properties of heart of P. dactylifera extract obtained via microwave-assisted extraction. METHODS: Microwave-assisted extraction, ethanol solvent, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis, DPPH assay, MTT assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis were all used to evaluate the activity of heart of P. dactylifera. RESULTS: GC-MS was used to identify the chemical compositions of heart of P. dactylifera extract, which revealed about 15 bioactive compounds. The antioxidant activity of heart of P. dactylifera extract was determined to have an IC50 value of 114.2 µg/ml. The cytotoxicity was measured using MCF-7 cells, and the IC50 was reported to be 620.1 µg/ml. The cell cycle was arrested at the G1 gate, resulting in the formation of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The findings suggested that regular consumption of P. dactylifera heart components is important for nutrition and immune system support in the prevention of breast cancer, and that more research into molecular apoptotic pathways is needed.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Phoeniceae/química , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
3.
Int J Med Mushrooms ; 23(3): 79-89, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33822501

RESUMO

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is a highly selective method that reduces the time and number of solvents used, has high efficiency, and is environmentally friendly. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities of Iraqi Terfezia claveryi desert truffle extract and silver nanoparticles by MAE using water and hexane as extraction solvents. Chemical compositions were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Antioxidant activity was assessed with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against four types of pathogenic bacteria, and anticancer activity was also assessed. The T. claveryi hexane extract showed approximately 18 bioactive compounds, with an antioxidant half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 6.896 µg/mL. This extract also had significant antibacterial action against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A cytotoxicity test of the hexane extract showed moderate toxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma mouse (HCAM) liver cancer cells. Acridine orange/ ethidium bromide staining showed apoptosis and DNA damage in HCAM cells treated with the hexane extract. The results of this study suggest that components of the T. claveryi wild desert truffle could have important nutrition functions that might support the immune system in fighting liver diseases when taken in daily regular doses.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos/química , Misturas Complexas/farmacologia , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Células MCF-7 , Nanopartículas Metálicas/administração & dosagem , Nanopartículas Metálicas/ultraestrutura , Camundongos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Prata
4.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev ; 21(8): 2349-2355, 2020 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32856865

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Wild edible plants are good sources for bioactive compounds, vitamins, and minerals with various applications. They can play a role in supporting the immune system and are highly beneficial as resources. Suaeda monoica Forssk is a wild edible plant that grows in Iraq and it's biological activities have not yet reported. METHODS: Saueda monoica Forssk bioactive compounds were extracted by a microwave-assisted extraction method using ethanol as a solvent, and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS. The biological activities were evaluated via antioxidant, anti-liver-cancer, antibacterial, and toxicity tests in vitro. RESULTS: The results of GC-MS analysis showed that there were about 20 bioactive compounds. The most abundant compound was N,N-Dimethylglycine methyl ester, followed by 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, and N,N-Dimethylglycine. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of the plant showed a significant IC50. The extract of S. monoica against liver cancer cells (HCAM) showed significant toxicity. Flow cytometric analysis showed a significant induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrested at G1 phase. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated the significance of the components of Iraqi S. monoica Forssk by MAE method as a potential food supplement in nutrition systems to prevent liver cancer and enhance the liver's defense against diseases.
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Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Chenopodiaceae/química , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Micro-Ondas , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Apoptose , Ciclo Celular , Proliferação de Células , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
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