Barriers and facilitators to physiotherapy among adult orthopedic patients at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To identify barriers and facilitators to physiotherapy adherence in adult patients who attended an orthopaedic clinic and underwent physical therapy at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed at KKUH between September 2022 and January 2023. After conducting a literature review, a survey questionnaire was created, and a pilot study was conducted to evaluate its validity and clarity. Patients were approached in the waiting areas of the outpatient clinics and provided with a consent form to participate in the study. RESULTS: Ongoing pain, travel distance, and lack of transportation were common barriers while being given a choice in rehabilitation activities, regular assessments of progress and function, and regular goal setting with the physician were common facilitators. Living in rural areas and the belief that rehabilitation is important were associated with both higher barrier and facilitator scores. CONCLUSION: A patient-centred approach to physical therapy, effective pain management, and regular evaluation of functional progress can increase adherence to physiotherapy. These findings have implications for physiotherapy providers, policymakers, and patients in promoting adherence to treatment for improved functional outcomes, reduced pain, and increased patient satisfaction.

The relationship between sleep and wake habits and academic performance in medical students: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between the sleep/wake habits and the academic performance of medical students is insufficiently addressed in the literature. This study aimed to assess the relationship between sleep habits and sleep duration with academic performance in medical students. METHODS: This study was conducted between December 2009 and January 2010 at the College of Medicine, King Saud University, and included a systematic random sample of healthy medical students in the first (L1), second (L2) and third (L3) academic levels. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to assess demographics, sleep/wake schedule, sleep habits, and sleep duration. Daytime sleepiness was evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). School performance was stratified as "excellent" (GPA ≥ 3.75/5) or "average" (GPA <3.75/5). RESULTS: The final analysis included 410 students (males: 67%). One hundred fifteen students (28%) had "excellent" performance, and 295 students (72%) had "average" performance. The "average" group had a higher ESS score and a higher percentage of students who felt sleepy during class. In contrast, the "excellent" group had an earlier bedtime and increased TST during weekdays. Subjective feeling of obtaining sufficient sleep and non-smoking were the only independent predictors of "excellent" performance. CONCLUSION: Decreased nocturnal sleep time, late bedtimes during weekdays and weekends and increased daytime sleepiness are negatively associated with academic performance in medical students.