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1.
Postgrad Med J ; 55(640): 78-86, 1979 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-461277

RESUMO

The history of the development of influenza virus vaccine is traced from its origin with experimental studies of influenza virus in ferrets and mice and the first trials in man. Knowledge of the basis of immunity to the viruses in experimental animals and in man has grown steadily over the years and has been essential to successful immunization. Virus variation affecting the surface antigens of the virus is seen as the principal obstacle to the application of vaccines in man. So significant are the changes occurring during antigenic drift that former concepts of a polyvalent vaccine cannot provide a solution of the problem of the composition of vaccines. Disrupted virus vaccines appear to provide the answer to the prevention of vaccine reactions.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra Influenza/história , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Antígenos Virais/análise , Antígenos Virais/genética , Frequência do Gene , Variação Genética , Humanos , Imunização/história , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Orthomyxoviridae/genética , Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia
2.
J Infect Dis ; 136(1): 17-25, 1977 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-69670

RESUMO

Recombinant live attenuated type A and B influenza virus vaccines derived from standardized cold-adapted parent strains were given singly and in combination to volunteers. The vaccine viruses were well tolerated, functioned as good antigens, and failed to spread to intimate household contacts. Thirty-nine isolates that were recovered after a single passage in humans appeared genetically stable. The results of histopathologic studies in ferrets encourage development of an animal model for attenuation of the virus.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra Influenza , Vacinas Atenuadas , Animais , Temperatura Baixa , Epitopos , Furões , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A/imunologia , Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia , Recombinação Genética
5.
JAMA ; 236(5): 462-4, 1976 Aug 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-180303

RESUMO

Since 1961, viral hepatitis has been recognized as an occupational hazard among handlers of newly imported chimpanzees and other nonhuman primates. To determine whether previously reported cases were caused by human viral hepatitis type A, we tested paired serum samples from two outbreaks for antibody to hepatitis A antigen (anti-HA) by immune adherence hemagglutination (IAHA), recently available test. In both outbreaks, one of hepatitis transmitted from chimpanzee to man (Michigan, 1964), the second from chimpanzee to chimpanzee, man, and woolly monkey (Connecticut, 1971), serologic data documented recent hepatitis A virus infection among contacts-human and nonhuman primate-of implicated chimpanzees. This confirms serologically a previously noted epidemiologic association between nonhuman primate-associated hepatitis and human viral hepatitis, type A.


Assuntos
Hepatite A/imunologia , Hepatovirus , Pan troglodytes , Animais , Animais de Zoológico , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Feminino , Haplorrinos , Hepatite A/transmissão , Hepatite A/veterinária , Hepatovirus/imunologia , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças dos Macacos/transmissão , Zoonoses
15.
Appl Microbiol ; 23(4): 827-8, 1972 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-5062979

RESUMO

The standard deviation was determined for 146 replications of the neuraminidase inhibition test for antineuraminidase antibody employing two ferret antisera and the recombinant viruses X-15 and X-15(HK). The standard deviation found was 0.612 log(2) and is a quantitative estimate of the reproducibility of the test.


Assuntos
Anticorpos/análise , Neuraminidase/metabolismo , Orthomyxoviridae/enzimologia , Animais , Carnívoros/imunologia , Genética Microbiana , Soros Imunes , Orthomyxoviridae/classificação , Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia , Recombinação Genética , Espectrofotometria
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