Assuntos
Portador Sadio , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Infecções Estafilocócicas , Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Nasofaringe/microbiologia , Viagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , IdosoAssuntos
Doenças Transmitidas por Mosquitos , Viagem , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Culicidae , Mosquitos Vetores , Doenças Transmitidas por Mosquitos/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Mosquitos/prevenção & controle , Senegal/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The Grand Magal of Touba (GMT) associates with risks of infection, but no study on the circulation of resistant bacteria has yet been conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: qPCR was performed on rectal samples from GMT pilgrims between 2018 and 2021, before and after their participation in the gathering. Rectal samples from between 2018 and 2020 were also cultured on specific media, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed. RESULTS: Forty-one of the 296 (13.8%) pilgrims had at least one gastrointestinal symptom and 91/290 (31.4%) acquired pathogenic bacteria, mostly Escherichia coli. A total of 54.7% of pilgrims reported washing their hands more frequently than usual and 89.2% used soap. One hundred and five (36.2%) acquired at least one resistance gene, notably CTX-M A (21.0%), SHV (16.5%) and TEM (8.2%). The strains isolated by culture were mostly E. coli. These bacteria were found to be sensitive to carbapenems and resistant to amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. The acquisition of enteroaggregative E. coli was independently associated with CTX-M A and TEM acquisition. CONCLUSION: Pilgrims presented a risk for acquisition of CTX-M A after the GMT. Surveillance of the prevalence of resistant bacteria and the occurrence of associated clinical infections among pilgrims are necessary in the future.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Humanos , Senegal/epidemiologia , Feminino , Masculino , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/genética , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Malaria elimination efforts can be undermined by imported malaria infections. Imported infections are classified based on travel history. METHODS: A genetic strategy was applied to better understand the contribution of imported infections and to test for local transmission in the very low prevalence region of Richard Toll, Senegal. RESULTS: Genetic relatedness analysis, based upon molecular barcode genotyping data derived from diagnostic material, provided evidence for both imported infections and ongoing local transmission in Richard Toll. Evidence for imported malaria included finding that a large proportion of Richard Toll parasites were genetically related to parasites from Thiès, Senegal, a region of moderate transmission with extensive available genotyping data. Evidence for ongoing local transmission included finding parasites of identical genotype that persisted across multiple transmission seasons as well as enrichment of highly related infections within the households of non-travellers compared to travellers. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that, while a large number of infections may have been imported, there remains ongoing local malaria transmission in Richard Toll. These proof-of-concept findings underscore the value of genetic data to identify parasite relatedness and patterns of transmission to inform optimal intervention selection and placement.
Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis Importadas/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Importadas/classificação , Doenças Transmissíveis Importadas/parasitologia , Incidência , Malária Falciparum/classificação , Malária Falciparum/parasitologia , Plasmodium falciparum/isolamento & purificação , Senegal/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Accessibility to innovative multiple myeloma therapies is limited in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to describe the diagnostic and evolutionary features observed during treatment of our patients with myeloma. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, analytical study (2005 - 2016) of patients with myeloma included in the study based on International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Criteria (2003,2014) at the Hopital Aristide Le Dantec (Senegal). RESULTS: We collected data from 136 medical records (69 men, 67 women) of patients with an average age of 59 years ± 10.1 years, who were less than 65 years of age in 69.1% of cases. Tell-tale signs included bone pain (96.3%), renal failure (36.8%), infection (23.5%), pathological fracture (17.6%), spinal cord compression (16.9%) and malignant hypercalcaemia (16.2%). Isotopic antiglobulin test showed that anti-IgG could be detected in 61.3% of cases and Kappa in 65% of cases. Patients were classified stage III (59.4%) and I-II (40.6%)of the index staging system. The median survival of patients under conventional traitement (Méphalan-Prédnisone: 67.6%, innovative: 5.9%) was 20 months (1-78 months). Survival rates are better in the absence of neurological and infectious complications and for patients with score I-II of the index Staging System. CONCLUSION: In our study, multiple myeloma was frequently diagnosed before age 65, at advanced stage of tumor mass. Early detection and access to adequate therapies could improve overall survival.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Mieloma Múltiplo/terapia , Idoso , Anticorpos Anti-Idiotípicos/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Melfalan/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Senegal , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
Introduction : Les facteurs génétiques du SGS, outre les modèles animaux, sont déterminés par le biais de leurs formes familiales. L'objectif de ce travail était d'étudier les aspects phénotypiques des formes familiales du SGS. Patients et méthodes : Etude réalisée dans le service de Rhumatologie du CHU Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar entre Janvier 2013 et Mars 2016, où nous avons colligé les observations de familles multiplex de SGS répondant aux critères de consensus de 2002.Résultats : Vingt-deux familles ont été colligées à partir de 22 propositus (17 femmes et 5 hommes), d'âge moyen de 31,5 ans au début apparent de la maladie. Le SGS chez ces propositus était primitif dans 8 cas et secondaire à une PR dans 14 cas. Les familles totalisaient 921 membres. Soixante- quinze (54 femmes et 21 hommes), y compris les cas index présentaient un SGS (54 primitifs et 21 secondaires), soit une prévalence de 8,14 %. Les apparentés de premiers degré atteints étaient au nombre de 46 (85%). Les autres maladies auto- immunes associées étaient une PR (16 cas), un lupus systémique (1 cas), une polymyosite (1 cas), une sclérodermie systémique (1 cas), un vitiligo (1 cas) et une maladie de Basedow (1 cas). Les autres affections répertoriées étaient : lymphome oculaire (1 cas), cancer du col de l'utérus (1 cas). L'évolution sous traitement fut favorable, sauf chez 1 cas décédé. Conclusion : Le caractère familial du SGS chez nos malades plaide en faveur de l'implication de facteurs génétiques dans le déterminisme de la maladie