Effects of short-term high dose intake of evening primrose oil on plasma and cellular fatty acid compositions, alpha-tocopherol levels, and erythropoiesis in normal and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic men.

In addition to their usual diet, nine Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic men and ten male control subjects took 20 g d, alpha-tocopheryl acetate enriched evening primrose oil (14.45 g 18:2c,omega 6, 1.73 g 18:3c,omega 6, 400 mg d,alpha-tocopheryl acetate) daily for one week. At start, diabetic patients had more 14:0, 15:0 and 18:2c,omega 6, and less 16:0, 16:1c,omega 7, 18:1c,omega 7, 18:3c,omega 6, 20:3c,omega 9, 20:3c,omega 6, 20:4c,omega 6 and 22:6c,omega 3 in plasma, erythrocytes and/or platelets. Furthermore, they had lower 16:1c,omega 7/16:0, 18:1c,omega 7/16:0, and 20:4c,omega 6/20:3c,omega 6 ratios and a higher 20:3c,omega 6/18:3c,omega 6 ratio. In diabetic patients, alpha-tocopherol levels in erythrocytes were lower, whereas those in plasma were normal. In both groups, oil intake changed fatty acid profiles. Most markedly, 20:3c,omega 6 increased, whereas the ratios 20:3c,omega 6/18:3c,omega 6 and 20:4c,omega 6/20:3c,omega 6 decreased. 20:4c,omega 6 increased in control subjects, but not in diabetic patients. Erythrocytes and platelets responded differently in their fatty acid profiles. alpha-tocopherol rose in plasma and, although less for diabetic patients, in erythrocytes. In diabetic patients as well as in control subjects, erythrocyte count, haemoglobin level, mean corpuscular haemoglobin content and concentration increased and glycosylated haemoglobin percentage decreased without an apparent decline in blood glucose levels. Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 decreased, especially in diabetic patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effects of isoprenaline and terbutaline on urinary excretion of histamine and its two main metabolites in systemic mastocytosis.

Both short-term and long-term effects of the beta-sympathomimetic drugs isoprenaline and terbutaline on the urinary excretion of histamine and its two main metabolites were evaluated in patients with systemic mastocytosis. In a short-term study isoprenaline and terbutaline were given intravenously during five hours to three and two patients, respectively. Compared with placebo infusion Nt-methylhistamine excretion fell during terbutaline administration, whereas during isoprenaline no changes were observed. In a long-term study three patients received a treatment with orally administered terbutaline for 24 days. In one patient a slight reduction of the excretion of the histamine metabolites was found. In another patient the excretion of histamine and its metabolites decreased especially during the eight days observation period after the end of the treatment. In this study we saw occasionally large and rapid changes occurring simultaneously in all three urinary parameters of histamine release. In conclusion, terbutaline can reduce histamine release in systemic mastocytosis. However, because of the small symptomatic and biochemical effects found in our patients, the clinical significance of beta-sympathomimetic drug treatment in this disease has yet to be established.