Evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns using two protocols and its association with breastfeeding.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the lingual frenulum of full-term newborns using two different protocols and to assess the association of the lingual frenulum with breastfeeding. METHODS: This non-probabilistic sample consisted of 449 mother/baby binomials. For the anatomo-functional evaluation of the frenulum, the Neonatal Tongue Screening Test and the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool were used for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum. Breastfeeding was evaluated using the protocol proposed by UNICEF. Scores were created (good, fair, poor) to evaluate every aspect of the breastfeeding to be observed. The results were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics and association tests (Pearson's chi-squared and Fisher's exact test). RESULTS: The study showed that 14 babies had a lingual frenulum alteration, of whom three had difficulties during suction, requiring frenotomy in the first week of life, whereas 11 had no difficulties during breastfeeding. Regarding the breastfeeding evaluation, 410mother/baby binomials had good, 36 regular, and three had bad scores. There was a statistically significant association between the tongue-tie test protocol and breastfeeding (p=0.028) and between the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool protocol and breastfeeding (p=0.028). CONCLUSION: Alterations in the lingual frenulum are associated with interferences in the quality of breastfeeding and thus, evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns is important.

Clareamento interno: uma alternativa para discromia de dentes tratados endodonticamente / Intra coronal bleaching: an alternative to dyschromia of endodontically treated teeth

Alterações cromáticas intrínsecas são comuns em elementos dentais tratados endodonticamente. Tal consequência compromete a harmonia facial, uma vez que transforma uma única estrutura em área de estresse visual. Assim, o clareamento endógeno surge como uma boa alternativa para reversibilidade cromática, pois se mostra uma técnica conservadora, rápida, segura e de baixo custo no restabelecimento estético do elemento dental. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma breve revisão de literatura sobre clareamento endógeno bem como demonstrar, através de um caso clínico, uma sequência clínica utilizando cristal de ureia.

Intrinsic color changes are common in endodontically treated teeth. That consequence compromises the facial harmony, since converted a single structure in visual stress area. Thus the endogenous bleaching appears is a good alternative for reversibility color, because it shows itself as a conservative, fast, secure and low cost technique to the aesthetic restoration of the dental element. This study aims to conduct a brief review of the literature about Intra coronal bleaching, and demonstrate, through a case, a clinical series using urea crystal.