RESUMO
Com o objetivo de entender e discutir a relação do leite humano nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais em pediatria, além de esclarecer como o aleitamento materno pode atuar no controle dessas doenças na infância, realizou-se um estudo de revisão do estado da arte no qual ocorreu busca de informação nas bases eletrônicas de dados, PubMed/Medline, Lilacs e Scielo, entre os anos 2000 e 2018, utilizando-se os descritores "nutrição infantil", "aleitamento materno", "lactentes", "criança" e "doença inflamatória intestinal". A amostra final contou com 13 artigos segundo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão e, após a leitura dos textos foram estabelecidos 4 núcleos de discussão: 1) desenvolvimento da microbiota intestinal; 2) fórmula infantil versus leite humano: vantagens e desvantagens; 3) papel da dieta materna na composição do leite humano e; 4) papel protetor do aleitamento materno nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais. De acordo com os estudos envolvidos nessa revisão, o aleitamento materno exclusivo tem papel protetor na colite ulcerativa e na doença de Crohn, embora, sejam necessários mais esclarecimentos sobre o período mínimo do aleitamento e do mecanismo de ação do leite materno
With the objective to understand and discuss the relationship of human milk in inflammatory bowel diseases in pediatrics, in addition to clarifying how breastfeeding can act to control these diseases in childhood, a state-of-the-art review study was carried out in which the search information in the electronic databases, PubMed / Medline, Lilacs and Scielo, between the years 2000 and 2018, using the descriptors "child nutrition", "breastfeeding", "infants", "child" and "inflammatory bowel disease ". The final sample had 13 articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and, after reading the texts, 4 discussion groups were established: 1) development of the intestinal microbiota; 2) infant formula versus human milk: advantages and disadvantages; 3) the role of the maternal diet in the composition of human milk and; 4) protective role of breastfeeding in inflammatory bowel diseases. According to the studies involved in this review, exclusive breastfeeding has a protective role in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, although further clarification is needed about the minimum period of breastfeeding and the mechanism of action of breast milk
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The periapical lesion is the result of a local inflammatory reaction caused by bacteria and its products present on the root canal. The interaction between inflammatory cells and bacteria elicit both specific and non-specific immune responses. OBJECTIVE: Due to the lack of studies evaluating the role of the immune system in periapical lesions of primary teeth and considering the potentially systemic effects that these infections can cause in children, especially because of the immaturity of their immune system, we sought to evaluate the presence of T cells, B cells and macrophages on periradicular lesions in primary teeth. STUDY DESIGN: 14 periradicular lesions were analyzed. The immunohistochemistry technique was performed using CD45RO, CD20, CD68 monoclonal antibodies aiming to identify T cells, B cells and macrophages, respectively. Cells were quantified by microscopic analysis of histological sections. RESULTS: Mean percentage of positive cells CD45RO was 11.76; CD20 was 5.25; CD68 was 10.92. Our results showed that T and B cells and macrophages comprise the majority of the inflammatory infiltrate. CONCLUSION: We concluded that both humoral and cell mediated immune reactions take place in periradicular lesions of primary teeth. The immune system plays an important role on the periradicular inflammatory processes in primary teeth.