[Research on quantitative method and contamination level of Salmonella enterica in raw pork from farmer's markets in Chengdu].

To optimize the quantitative detection method for Salmonella enterica and analyze the quantitative contamination level of Salmonella enterica in raw pork samples from farmer's markets in Chengdu. Based on qualitative detection standard method of Salmonella enterica in China (GB 4789.4-2016) and the quantitative detection method of FSIS in the United States (MLG 4.08 and MLG appendix 2.05 MPN), the selective enrichment broth, screening plate, identification method and quantitative dilution ratio in quantitative detection of Salmonella enterica were optimized using 70 samples of raw pork. The optimized method compared by student's t-test was used to detect 40 samples of raw pork collected from farmer's markets in Chengdu from June to October 2020. For isolation of Salmonella from raw pork samples, the coincidence degree of TTB enrichment solution was significantly higher than that of RV enrichment solution (0.93±0.32 vs 0.35±0.62,t=8.324,P=0.001) and the consistency of suspicious colonies screened by XLT4 plate was significantly higher than that of Salmonella chromogenic medium (0.77±0.09 vs 1.00±0.00,t=2.971,P =0.017). The MPN method used 4 successive gradient dilutions, namely 12 tube method, could obtain more accurate quantitative value for Salmonella enterica. The combined use of selective enrichment broth TTB, XLT4 plate, Real-time PCR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry could get better results for screening and identifying Salmonella enterica. The detection rate for Salmonella enterica isolated from raw pork in farmer's markets was 92.5% (37/40). The most of the Salmonella positive samples (83.8%, 31/37) were detected with a contamination level ranged from 0.1 to 55 MPN/g. The optimized quantitative detection method for Salmonella enterica in raw pork in this study can effectively screen the target bacteria and obtain more accurate quantitative value.

[Factors associated with adherence of highly active antiretroviral therapy among 386 HIV/AIDS patients in 3 provinces of China].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate adherence and the influence factors among patients who are on antiretrovirus therapy (ART) of 3 provinces in China. METHODS: This study selected 18-year-old and older AIDS patients as the survey objects who initiated anti-retrovirus therapy between April and September of 2014 and kept on the treatment for one year in Yunnan,Sichuan,and Hu'nan province. Information of demography, treatment and social support was collected by questionnaires. Adopt SSRS questionnaire to calculate the information of objective support, subjective support and utilization of social support. χ(2) test and logistic regression were performed to examine relationships between factors and adherence. RESULTS: A total of 386 patients with medication were investigated. Among them, there were 365 (94.6%) cases who were compliant to the ART, and 357 (92.5%) cases can take their pills on time, and 29 (7.5%) cases take their medication in excess of the prescribed time more than two hours. Social support score was 27.2 ± 7.3, including objective support score (5.6 ± 2.7), subjective support score (16.1 ± 4.8), and utilization of social support (5.5 ± 1.9). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that adherence was significantly associated with the correct cognition of medication (OR (95%CI): 3.24 (1.17-9.00)), the self-awareness of the drug regimen was not complexity (OR (95%CI): 9.34 (3.27-26.68)), taking medication 1 time a day (OR (95%CI): 4.00 (1.35-11.84)), and the batter utilization of social support (OR (95%CI): 1.49 (1.06-2.01)). Married/cohabiting or farmers tend to be nonadherenced, while the OR (95%CI) was 0.24 (0.08-0.67) and 0.23 (0.08-0.69), respectively. CONCLUSION: The patients among these provinces were compliant to the ART, and most of them can take their pills on time. The social support score of these patients was lower than normal person. Participants who have correct cognition of medication, thinking their drug regimen was not complexity; Taking medication 1 time a day or have high level of utilization of social support showed a significantly higher level of self-reported adherence.

microRNA-106a induces the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells through regulating JNK/MAPK pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of microRNA-106a (miRNA-106a) in the brain tissue and the plasma of glioma patients, and explore the mechanism underlying the effect of miRNA-106a on the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Brain tissues from 42 glioma patients admitted in our institution were included in study group, whereas normal brain tissues collected from 10 patients undergoing brain tissue resection due to decompression or exposure during cerebral surgery. Quantitative fluorescent RT-PCR (QF RT-PCR) was performed to measure miRNA-106a mRNA levels in the brain tissue and peripheral blood of patients in two groups. Human M059K glioma cells were transfected with miRNA-106a mimic and inhibitor, and the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells were analyzed. In addition, JNK/MAPK in glioma cells was examined at mRNA and protein levels. RESULTS: Compared with the normal population, miRNA-106a expression was significantly increased in the brain tissue of glioma patients (p < 0.05). Besides, miRNA-106a expression level was significantly elevated in the plasma of peripheral blood of glioma patients (p < 0.05). After the interference of miRNA-106a in M059K glioma cells, the proliferation of glioma cells was significantly reduced. However, the apoptotic regulatory factor, Bcl-2, was significantly increased, and JNK/MAPK protein level was significantly decreased. Overexpression of miRNA-106a in glioma cells resulted in significant increase in the proliferation of glioma cells and JNK/MAPK protein level, but obvious suppression in Bcl-2 protein level. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated expression of miRNA-106a plays a crucial role in the development and progression of glioma, probably by promoting the proliferation and suppressing the apoptosis of glioma cells through the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway.

[Assessment of intracutaneous test in longitudinal surveillance for lymphatic filariasis].

In order to evaluate the usefulness of intracutaneous test (IT) in longitudinal surveillance of filariasis, two administrative villages selected from Queshan County, Henan Province of China, endemic for Wuchereria bancrofti, were surveyed in 1982, 1983 and 1987 respectively, by IT with antigen FPT derived from Dirofilaria immitis. The result showed that the original level of IT to antigen FPT in the population was consistent with the data of either etiological or entomological investigation before chemotherapy. When the microfilaraemia rate and natural filarial infection rate of mosquitoes in a village were high, the positive rate and frequency of strong positivity (skin wheel diameter greater than or equal to 1.3 mm) for immediate hypersensitivity reaction would be high too; and the reverse was true. It is suggested that both criteria of IT mentioned above may be useful in assessing endemicity of lymphatic filariasis before mass chemotherapy. The speed of negative conversion of IT in both groups, the previously microfilaraemic patients and the microfilaraemic inhabitants positive to immediate hypersensitivity reaction before chemotherapy, were different, the former being significantly slower than that of the latter after mass and selective chemotherapy with diethylcarbamazine. All of the three criteria for immediate hypersensitivity, positive rate, frequency of strong positivity and positive conversion rate, decreased gradually after a mass and selective DEC treatment. Until 1987, the 5th year after the chemotherapy, the average positive rate in the two villages dropped to 20.0% from 55.4% in 1982, the frequency of strong positivity to 2.8% from 23.8% in 1982, and the positive conversion rate to 9.7% (1984-1987) form 19.2% (1982-1983).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)