RESUMO
Two male, neutered, domestic, shorthaired cats were evaluated for progressive paresis and ataxia. Neurological examinations suggested a spinal cord lesion in each case. Complete blood examination and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were unremarkable in both cats. MRI revealed malformation of the occipital bone with herniation of the cerebellar vermis through the foramen magnum but without syringomyelia. Chiari-like malformation was suspected in both patients. MRI repeated one year later in both cats because of progression of clinical signs yielded the same findings as the initial scans. Foramen magnum decompression in one cat was associated with resolution of clinical signs.
Assuntos
Malformação de Arnold-Chiari/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/congênito , Animais , Malformação de Arnold-Chiari/diagnóstico por imagem , Malformação de Arnold-Chiari/cirurgia , Ataxia/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Gato/cirurgia , Gatos , Descompressão Cirúrgica/veterinária , Forame Magno/cirurgia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/veterinária , Masculino , Paresia/veterináriaRESUMO
Eight microsatellite markers were developed for the Japanese dormouse (Glirulus japonicus), a natural monument and near-threatened species in Japan. The markers amplify in individuals from all of the mitochondrial lineages detected in a previous study. Numerous polymorphisms were detected in specimens from a local population in central Honshu (11-21 alleles per locus; n = 31) and from the entire distribution range of the species (19-41 alleles per locus; n = 152). These microsatellites will be useful in conservation genetic studies of G. japonicus.
RESUMO
Field gamma-ray spectrometry was used for the quantitative assessment of U, Th and K of rocks of Stromboli, Salina, Filicuidi and Panarea (Aeolian arc of the Southern Tyrrhenian, Italy). The air absorbed dose rate was calculated from radioelement concentrations. For some rocks the gamma-ray spectra were analysed with the three photo-peak methods and the response matrix method, which converts the pulse height distribution into the true incident gamma-ray energy spectrum. The higher values of U (8.2-9.8 ppm) coincide with higher Th (20.6-27.8 ppm) concentrations associated with rocks of shoshonitic composition. The spatial variation in radioelement concentration reflects the geochemical differences among the rocks. The air absorbed dose rate varies from 25 to 215 nGy h(-1). The highest values correspond to outcrops located in the eastern part of Stromboli, where the annual effective dose equivalent reaches a value of 264 microSv.
Assuntos
Raios gama , Erupções Vulcânicas , Monitoramento Ambiental , Fenômenos Geológicos , Geologia , Itália , Tório/análise , Urânio/análiseRESUMO
A recent literature survey on natural gamma rays has yielded data on the dose rate levels above soils and rocks in the world, classified by their associated bedrock types. For comparison, the data in the Japanese Islands were also collected. The compiled results indicated a strong linear correlation between the soil and the rock dose rates. A soil-mass balance model was used to obtain the quantitative estimate of soil production and inflow rates, respectively, relative to the outflow rate. It was found from the analysis that the degree of mixing of soils, measured by the ratio between the inflow and the production rates, was fairly small in Japan compared to the world average.
RESUMO
Pulse-height distributions of gamma-rays, obtained with a field NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometer in numerous sites of the Lipari and Vulcano islands (Aeolian volcanic arc, Italy), were measured to determine the U, Th and K concentrations of the bedrock and the relative values of the air absorbed dose rate. U is spatially related to both Th and K and the Th/U ratio is on average 3.1-3.5. The magmatic evolution is reflected by the concentration of the three radioelements, as they are more abundant within the more felsic units of the volcanic series. The higher values of U (15.7-20.0 ppm) coincide with higher Th (48.3-65.9 ppm) and K (4.9-6.1%) concentrations associated with rhyolitic rocks of the third cycle (< 50 ky). The air absorbed dose rate varies from 20 to 470 nGy h(-1). The highest values (> 350 nGy h(-1)) are observed on outcrops of rhyolitic obsidian lava flows. The cosmic-ray contribution is also evaluated to estimate the total background radiation dose rate.
RESUMO
GPS-indexed in-situ and car-borne survey of terrestrial gamma-ray dose rates were carried out in Brunei and adjacent areas using two portable NaI(Tl) counters. The mean and population weighted average dose rates for Brunei are 34 and 33 nGy/h, respectively. The car-borne data and the in-situ data when spectral analysed separately, were found to show fractal behaviour with D of 1.7 and 1.8, respectively. A contour map of the dose rates was also produced.
Assuntos
Poluentes Radioativos do Ar/análise , Raios gama/efeitos adversos , Poluentes Radioativos do Ar/efeitos adversos , Brunei , Humanos , Doses de Radiação , RadiometriaRESUMO
The incidence of Blastocystis hominis in a healthy population was determined by fecal examination of 6,422 Japanese and 54 resident non-Japanese who visited the St. Luke's International Hospital Health Screening Center for a routine medical check-up during a one-year period. Of the enrolled subjects, 30 Japanese (0.5%) and four non-Japanese (7.4%) had B. hominis in their stools. These individuals were asymptomatic except for one who reported flatus and one who reported mild abdominal discomfort. Statistical analysis indicated that the prevalence in the Japanese was lower than in the non-Japanese, and lower than the prevalence reported for other countries. Colonoscopic observations on seven B. hominis-positive individuals did not reveal pathogenic intestinal lesions. Several months after the first examination, 23 of the B. hominis-positive individuals, including three non-Japanese, were re-examined. Although they had not been treated with anti-B. hominis drugs, 10 individuals were now B. hominis-negative (by stool examination) and eight were passing fewer organisms. The remaining five individuals were still discharging large numbers of B. hominis. These B. hominis-positive individuals had no reported symptoms despite passing numerous organisms. Therefore, it seems that infection with B. hominis rarely gives rise to clinical symptoms. In no instance was invasion of host tissues by the organisms detected.
Assuntos
Infecções por Blastocystis/epidemiologia , Blastocystis hominis/isolamento & purificação , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Animais , Infecções por Blastocystis/parasitologia , Blastocystis hominis/patogenicidade , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas , Portador Sadio/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incidência , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , ViagemRESUMO
We investigated the pathophysiology of nerve hyperexcitability in a patient with Isaacs' syndrome, who had typical clinical and electromyographic features and responded to plasma exchange. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry studies showed that antibodies from this patient reacted with the lysate of a neuronal cell line (PC12). In Western blots, constituents of the patient's serum, particularly immunoglobulin M, reacted with proteins of approximately 50 and 18 kDa, whereas the control serum did not. A cross-linking study with alpha-dendrotoxin (7 kDa) showed a 57 kDa protein-peptide complex. Immunohistochemistry showed that the patient's serum reacted with PC12 cells and human intramuscular nerve axons. Our findings indicate that in Isaac's syndrome nerve hyperexcitability is the result of the immunological involvement of the voltage-dependent potassium channels located along the distal motor nerve or at the nerve terminal.
Assuntos
Anticorpos/análise , Fasciculação/imunologia , Células PC12/metabolismo , Canais de Potássio/imunologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Western Blotting , Fasciculação/metabolismo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Masculino , Músculos/inervação , Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Ratos , Coloração e RotulagemRESUMO
The Japanese dormouse, Glirulus Japonicus, is the only extant lineage that represents this genus and it has been classified as a single species distributed on the three main islands of Japan, namely Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu. However, individuals collected from Fukui, Wakayama and Kochi Prefectures (southwestern part of Japan) yielded distinctly different profiles of restriction fragments of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) spacer from those collected from Yamanashi and Nagano Prefectures (central Japan). The estimated sequence divergence between the two groups was 2.8% on average, which corresponds to a putative divergence some two million years ago. Representing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences, 402 bases of cytochrome b gene were determined by direct sequencing and the estimated extent of the sequence divergence between the two groups was 6.5-7%. Differences between the two geographic groups were also substantial in the sequences of about 300 base-fragments from the Y-linked, sex-determining locus, Sry. To assess the phylogenetic relationships between the Japanese dormouse and members of the family Myoxidae, we compared sequences of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene of Japanese dormice with those of the forest dormouse (Dryomys nitedula) and the common dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarins), two continental genera thought to be closely related to the genus Glirulus. The results showed that the sequences from Japanese dormice were distinct from any sequences of the two continental species and the extent of the differences were somewhat similar to that between the rat (Rattus norvegicus) and the hamster (mesocricetus auratus).
Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas Nucleares , Filogenia , Roedores/genética , Fatores de Transcrição , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Cricetinae , DNA Mitocondrial/análise , DNA Ribossômico/análise , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Ratos , Proteína da Região Y Determinante do SexoRESUMO
Blockage of K+ channels in nerve terminals by immunoglobulin is the speculated pathomechanism of Isaacs' syndrome. Using patch-clamp technique (whole-cell clamp), we investigated the effects on K+ current of serum taken from 2 patients with Isaacs' syndrome employing the clonal cell line PC-12. The addition of a patient's serum to the perfusion solution had little effect on the K+ current of P-12 cells. In contrast, K+ current was reduced by 25-80% when cells were cultured for 3-6 days with 2% serum as compared to control serum values. Suppression of the K+ current appears to develop gradually over the period of culture. Our results suggest that the pathomechanism of Isaacs' syndrome is caused by K+ channel suppression via a humoral factor(s) in the serum, which subsequently induces nerve hyperexcitability.
Assuntos
Fasciculação/sangue , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Potássio , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Condutividade Elétrica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Células PC12/metabolismo , Técnicas de Patch-Clamp , Canais de Potássio/fisiologia , Ratos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The findings for stress fracture of the medial malleolus in two patients are presented. In case 1, a 54-year-old woman complained of gradual onset of pain over the medial malleolus after prolonged walking. Magnetic resonance imaging was useful in the early detection of the stress fracture of the medial malleolus. In case 2, a 16-year-old male developed stress fracture of the medial malleolus during repetitive Kendo fencing activity. Good clinical results were obtained with nonsurgical therapy.
Assuntos
Traumatismos do Tornozelo/etiologia , Fraturas de Estresse/diagnóstico , Fraturas da Tíbia/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Traumatismos em Atletas/diagnóstico , Traumatismos em Atletas/terapia , Feminino , Fraturas de Estresse/terapia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fraturas da Tíbia/terapiaRESUMO
We present a case of a 5-year-old girl diagnosed as having craniofrontonasal dysplasia (CFND), which was first reported by Cohen in 1979. CFND is very rare and reports concerning this syndrome have never been found in Japan. In our case, frontal plagiocephaly, third degree orbital hypertelorism and clefting nasal tip coexisted. At 10 months after birth when she visited our hospital, signs of craniostenosis were not recognized and cosmetic improvement was considered the main purpose of the treatment. We performed supraorbital bar reshaping, ethmoidectomy and orbitotomy for reconstruction in one-stage at the age of five. The operation produced marked improvement in her exotropia before entering a primary school. Past reports dealing with abnormalities of the central nervous system in this syndrome are few, but agenesis of the splenium was noted in our case. This paper is a report of our findings together with some discussions in reference to the literature.
Assuntos
Disostose Craniofacial/cirurgia , Pré-Escolar , Disostose Craniofacial/genética , Ossos Faciais/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Linhagem , Crânio/cirurgiaAssuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Antígenos HLA/imunologia , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/imunologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Antígenos HLA/genética , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , Antígenos HLA-A/imunologia , Antígeno HLA-DR1/genética , Antígeno HLA-DR1/imunologia , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/epidemiologia , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/genética , SorotipagemRESUMO
A 68-year-old woman with amelanotic malignant melanoma (AMM) of her left thumbnail bed was reported. The tumor cells were positive with S-100 protein. Electron microscopic findings revealed the presence of typical melanosomes and a variety of aberrant melanosomes within the tumor cells, obviously different from the results for common malignant melanoma.
Assuntos
Melanoma/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Melanócitos/patologia , Melanócitos/ultraestrutura , Melanoma/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica , Unhas , Neoplasias Cutâneas/ultraestrutura , PolegarRESUMO
This note describes a method of direct measurement of airborne gamma-rays primarily from 222Rn daughters using a NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometer with lead shields. This method has the advantage of being able to maintain the system easily compared to other usual systems including a pump. The pulse-height distributions are successively fed to a floppy disk in a personal computer every unit time. The gain shifts can be corrected automatically by a computer program. This technique would be applicable to the estimation of 222Rn daughters concentration and to examination of disequilibrium between 214Pb(RaB) and 214Bi(RaC) and of those height distribution up to about 200 m. The accuracy for estimating the concentration is as good as that of the filter method.
Assuntos
Poluentes Radioativos do Ar/análise , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Bismuto/análise , Chumbo/análise , Polônio/análise , Raios gama , Produtos de Decaimento de Radônio , Contagem de CintilaçãoRESUMO
We examined the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy to elucidate the known increase in spontaneous proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Proliferative responses in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction test were significantly increased (34,205 cpm) in cells from 9 patients with the myelopathy, as compared with findings (18,695 cpm) in the control subjects. When non-T-cell fractions were depleted from autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction cultures, proliferative responses were completely suppressed in the control subjects, while proliferation of the peripheral blood lymphocytes from the groups with the myelopathy were not affected by depletion of non-T-cell fractions. The increase in spontaneous proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with the myelopathy is probably not related to an increase in autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions.
Assuntos
Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/imunologia , Adulto , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and electroencephalography (EEG) were carried out for patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (HAM). Nineteen of 22 patients (86%) had abnormalities on brain MRI and/or EEG. Thirteen patients showed high signal intensity lesions scattered in the cerebral white matter, as seen on the T2-weighted MRI images. The lesions were mostly located in the subcortical and deep cerebral white matter and were not contiguous with the lateral ventricles. Patients with abnormalities on the brain MRI had a longer duration of disease and a greater disability than did those without MRI abnormalities. The EEG records showed definite abnormalities in 9, and minor abnormalities in 5. All patients with HAM for more than 5 years showed definite evidence of cerebral involvement. Our findings strongly suggest that a multifocal pathological process over the entire CNS is probably a common occurrence in HAM.
Assuntos
Encefalopatias/microbiologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/complicações , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Doenças Musculares/microbiologia , Adulto , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Encefalopatias/fisiopatologia , Eletroencefalografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Musculares/complicaçõesRESUMO
The HTLV-I antigen (Ag) was detected in short-term cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from 44% of patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), using the indirect immunofluorescence method. The HTLV-I Ag-positive cells accounted for less than 4% of cultured PBMNC in all but one case. The kinetics and mechanism of HTLV-I Ag expression in cultured cells were these studied in this individual with about 20% positive cells. HTLV-I Ag was 0.3% at 6 h after the culture and the number of positive cells increased to 9.3% at 48 h. The sera from HAM patients had a suppressive effect on the expression of HTLV-I Ag in the cultured cells. This suppression was more potent in sera from patients with a high than with low antibody titer. There were no correlations between the HTLV-I Ag expression in cultured cells and the various clinical and laboratory findings, in each case.
Assuntos
Antígenos HTLV-I/metabolismo , Infecções por HTLV-I/imunologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Adulto , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Humanos , Idoxuridina/farmacologia , Técnicas In Vitro , Leucócitos Mononucleares/citologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
We studied the serum antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 11 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). HAM patients showed significant increases in IgG antibodies to EBV-capsid antigen (VCA) and -early antigen (EA) and in VCA-specific IgA compared with 25 seronegative subjects. However, there were no significant differences in antibodies to EBV-nuclear antigen (EBNA) or to other viruses between the two groups. In HAM patients, altered antibody responses occurred specifically to EBV-associated antigens, not to other viruses.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Infecções por Deltaretrovirus/imunologia , Herpesvirus Humano 4/imunologia , Doenças da Medula Espinal/imunologia , Adulto , Anticorpos Antideltaretrovirus , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
We found unstimulated (spontaneous) peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferation significantly increased in 14 patients with human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) compared with findings in HTLV-I seropositive non-HAM carriers (N = 8) or HTLV-I seronegative controls (N = 16). The proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, or pokeweed mitogen was decreased in the HAM patients. Cell clusters were frequent in cultures of unstimulated PBL from the HAM patients, but much less common in the controls or carriers. This spontaneous PBL proliferation was depressed when adherent-cell populations were depleted from the cultures. IL-2 activity increased in the supernatant of 3-day cultured cells from HAM patients, but not in cultured cells from the controls. Since IL-2 receptor positive cells increased in HAM, this spontaneous PBL proliferation is probably a response to IL-2 through the expression of IL-2 receptors.