Young adults with kidney failure lived experiences of kidney replacement therapy decision-making.

BACKGROUND: Young adults living with kidney failure make decisions to select a kidney replacement therapy choice in partnership with healthcare professionals. However, little is known about how they experience kidney replacement therapy treatment decision-making and the impact this has on their well-being. OBJECTIVES: To explore young adults living with kidney failure experiences of treatment decision-making. The treatment decision-making investigated is about the choice of dialysis and/or kidney transplant options. DESIGN: A qualitative interpretive hermeneutic phenomenology study. PARTICIPANTS: Purposeful sampling was used to recruit young adults with kidney failure from social media, electronic media such as local kidney group websites and word of mouth. Semistructured interviews were conducted with (n = 18) participants aged 18-30 years. APPROACH: Inductive analysis of the data were performed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis framework. FINDINGS: The five themes generated were (1) awareness and anticipation of future kidney replacement therapy decision; (2) health information and education; (3) engaging in decision-making, support and choices; (4) implementation of kidney replacement therapy and transitioning into the new normal life and (5) the impact of decision-making and choice on well-being. CONCLUSIONS: Decision-making significantly affected young adults' psychosocial and mental well-being. Young adults had unmet informational and decisional needs and struggled to cope due to lack of support. A four-talk model, with an implement talk phase added to the existing three-talk (team talk, option talk, decision talk) shared decision-making model, would promote a focus on the implementation of choice and support the transitioning from previous life to long-term dependence on treatment.

Diffusion of innovation, pre-registration/licence student nurses' use of social media: A reflexive thematic analysis.

AIM: To identify and report the use of social media among pre-registration (pre-licence) student nurses. METHODS: A social survey was conducted in 2019 to explore student nurses' views of social media usage. Diffusion of innovation theory and social identity theory were used as the theoretical framework. A reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken of responses to an open-ended question. RESULTS: 351 responses were analysed. Four themes emerged: Social media as a communication tool that helps to keep in contact and communicate with friends, family, colleagues and peers; Social media and self-care including a sense of pride, boosting morale and helping to relax; Social media and learning by sharing experiences, chatting, posts and social media and professionalism, participants expressed confusion over the use of social media professionally. CONCLUSIONS: The diffusion of social media among UK student nurses is advancing in different aspects of UK student nurses' lives. However, the diffusion seems to slow down when it comes to the professional system. They express concerns that one social system can negatively impact another and have repercussions on a personal and/or professional level and therefore prevent UK student nurses from developing social media proficiencies. Guidance and support should be offered to UK student nurses to develop their social identity across the different systems. This diffusion can help to educate student nurses and future professionals in a globally connected world. IMPACT: Social media features in student nurses' personal and professional lives and presents challenges for social identity which is woven into the personal and professional personas. Nursing faculties should have social media competencies embedded into the curricula to develop and strengthen students' social and professional identities across the different systems. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No Patient or Public Contribution.

Person-centred oral hydration care for older people with dementia admitted to acute hospital wards: Empirical research qualitative.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To conduct an in-depth exploration of oral hydration care provided to people living with dementia in acute hospital wards, using a person-centred care framework. BACKGROUND: Oral hydration care is an important, yet rarely explored aspect of fundamental care for people with dementia admitted to acute hospitals. Using person-centred care as a conceptual framework we investigated how oral hydration care is delivered for people living with dementia in acute hospital wards. DESIGN: A qualitative, multiple-case study. The cases were three acute wards in one hospital. METHODS: Direct observation of care for 13 people with dementia (132 h), semistructured interviews with ward staff (n = 28), ward leaders (n = 4), organisational leaders (n = 5), people with dementia (n = 6), their relatives (n = 5), documentary analysis of clinical inpatient records (n = 26) and relevant hospital policies. Data were analysed using framework analysis. RESULTS: Four themes were identified: (1) The acute hospital: oral hydration is obscured and not prioritised (2) Overshadowing of oral hydration at ward level (3) Siloed nature of hydration roles (4) Strategies for, and barriers to, delivering person-centred oral hydration care. CONCLUSIONS: This study combines the concept of person-centred care and oral hydration care for people living with dementia admitted to acute hospital wards, demonstrating that person-centred hydration care was complex and not prioritised. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nurses should consider means of improving prioritisation and cohesive delivery of person-centred hydration care in acute hospital wards.

Diffusion of social media in nursing education: A scoping review.

OBJECTIVES: DESIGN: Scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley framework to synthesise the data. SETTINGS: A global scoping review was undertaken to investigate SoMe diffusion in pre-registration nursing education. PARTICIPANTS: Pre-registration student nurses. METHODS: A protocol was created and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist. 10 data bases were searched: Academic Search Ultimate; CINAHL Complete; CINAHL Ultimate; eBook Collection (EBSCOhost); eBook Nursing Collection; E-Journals; MEDLINE Complete; Teacher Reference Center and Google Scholar. RESULTS: 1651 articles were derived from the search and 27 articles were included in this review. Timeline, geographical origin, methodology and findings of evidence are presented. CONCLUSIONS: SoMe is an innovation with relatively high perceived attributes, especially from students' perspectives. There is a difference between SoMe adoption in learning by nursing students and universities and the dichotomy between curriculum and nursing students' learning needs. The adoption process is not yet completed for universities. To be able to support learning, nurse educators and university systems should find ways of diffusing SoMe innovation in learning.

Social justice in nursing education: A review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Social justice is a cornerstone of nursing because nurses have responsibilities for providing equal and fair care for people from all background. Social justice as nursing imperative is clearly recognised by some professional nursing organisations, but not so by others. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to establish the current state of the literature on social justice and nursing education. The objectives included to understand the meaning of social justice for the nursing profession, assess the visibility of social justice learning in nursing education, and explore frameworks for integrating social justice learning in nursing education. METHODS: The SPICE framework was applied to identify the phrases social justice and nursing education. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to search the EBSCOhost database, set email alerts on three databases, and search the grey literature. Eighteen literatures were identified for evaluation of predetermined themes on meaning of social justice, visibility of social justice learning, and frameworks for social justice nursing education. FINDINGS: Firstly, the meaning of social justice relates to general theories rather than practical issues in nursing. Secondly, social justice is embraced as an imperative in nursing profession. Lastly, critical pedagogies can support social justice learning in nursing education. DISCUSSION: There is consensus on need for social justice issues to be incorporated in nursing education. This would create paths for nurses to engage in actions that change health inequalities. CONCLUSION: Nursing organisations embrace social justice as nursing imperative in different ways. It is important to explore how this imperative is upheld by nursing professional organisations and education institutions.

An exploration of social participation in Caribbean student nurses' use of social media in their learning journey.

AIMS: To identify how social participation facilitates pre-registration student nurses learning and professional development using social media. DESIGN: A social survey using thematic analysis to explore Caribbean student nurses' views of social media usage from an open-ended question in a survey. METHODS: A qualitative analysis of student nurses from Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago, who completed an open-ended question in a survey. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS/FINDINGS: The three themes identified were: (1) Social media and communication; (2) Social media and self-care; and (3) Social media and learning. CONCLUSION: This paper used qualitative evidence to identify and report a new way of viewing SoMe in nursing education as a student-centred educational learning tool. SoMe can improve the effectiveness of student nurses learning, while developing fundamental skills (open-mindedness, critical thinking, professionalism and decision-making) for nursing practice. Social participation and connectivism theory are embedded in student nurses' learning journey. However, it has been used by student nurses outside the traditional university teaching and their capacity to own their personal learning. To meet the new generation of student nurses' learning needs, it is important that higher education institutions develop guidance, support and use of social media for learning to support student nurses in their education as students and also future professionals. IMPACT: This study addresses how social participation is used in social media to contribute to Caribbean student nurses' education. The main finding is the introduction of a new learning theory supporting learning using social media. This study has an impact on using social media for learning. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.

Cultural Influences on Mental Health Provision in the Caribbean: How Do Contemporary Perceptions and Beliefs About Persons With Mental Illness Inform Workforce Transformation?

INTRODUCTION: Mental illness is a global phenomenon in society, including trained health professionals, often responding to people with mental illness based on perceptions and beliefs. The research examined "contemporary perceptions and beliefs about mental illness held by stakeholders" attending a mental health symposium in Trinidad. METHODS: Data were collected using a 43-item questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Overall, 84 attendees working directly or experienced in mental health completed the survey. RESULTS: Respondents believed mental illness should be treated within local community settings. Participants who were more comfortable sharing their mental health diagnosis with friends were more likely to share with others, including their employers. There was a relationship between perception of the superstitious causes of mental illness and its effects on healing. DISCUSSION: Qualifications and experience in mental health do not reduce stigma associated with mental illness which has implications for addressing mental health literacy among health professionals.

Demographic profiling of Caribbean and United Kingdom student nurses' use of social media for professional development.

BACKGROUND: Most students are adept in using technology and have developed skills and confidence utilising SoMe for professional purposes. SoMe is used by both registered nurses and student nurses. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the professional use of SoMe by student nurses in Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica and the UK to guide, support and develop implementation of effective and appropriate use of SoMe for professional development. METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey was completed by student nurses from the three countries. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The main reason for using social media among Caribbean participants was to watch videos or short clips whereas in UK it was downloading articles. Over 75% participants of all ages believed that social media was likely to help their career. There is no social media guidance for student nurses in Trinidad and Tobago and Jamaica. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that social media is embedded in student nurses' professional development throughout their education, with some variation in their use by country. Despite the fundamental place that social media plays in student nurses' professional development, there is no national or international guidance on how student nurses should use social media for professional development.

International student nurses' use of social media for learning: A cross sectional survey.

BACKGROUND: Students use social media for sharing information and connecting with their friends, also for peer support, peer learning and student engagement. Research indicates that approximately twice the number of students were using social media for educational purposes compared to academic staff and almost all students discuss academic issues on social media. However, little is known about how diverse cohorts of student nurses use social media for specific purposes at different stages of their learning. OBJECTIVES: Identify how student nurses in each country of study use social media for learning. Identify how each generation of student nurses use social media for learning. Identify how student nurses use social media as their education progresses. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. SETTINGS: The study was undertaken across three countries Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and the UK. PARTICIPANTS: Student nurses from each of the countries that consented to participate met the inclusion criteria. METHODS: 1050 student nurses across the three countries self-completed the cross-sectional survey between March and September 2019. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: WhatsApp® was the most used platform for learning amongst participants. Watching videos and downloading articles represented two-thirds of social media usage for learning. Smart phones were the most used device to access social media. Kruskal-Wallis tests were significant (≤0.001) for checking social media and messaging in lecture, use of social media for studies and classroom activities by country, generation (except classroom activities) and year of education. Use of social media for classroom activities had no significance by generation. CONCLUSION: Country, generation and year of education are factors that influence the use of social media in student nurses' learning. These should be considered by Universities in curriculum development and in teaching and learning delivery. From a pragmatic approach, social media is available and used by a majority of student nurses and can be widely assimilated into the nursing curriculum.

healthcareCOVID: a national cross-sectional observational study identifying risk factors for developing suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in UK healthcare workers.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence, risk factors and implications of suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection among healthcare workers in the United Kingdom (UK). DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING: UK-based primary and secondary care. PARTICIPANTS: Healthcare workers aged ≥18 years working between 1 February and 25 May 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A composite endpoint of laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, or self-isolation or hospitalisation due to suspected or confirmed COVID-19. RESULTS: Of 6,152 eligible responses, the composite endpoint was present in 1,806 (29.4%) healthcare workers, of whom 49 (0.8%) were hospitalised, 459 (7.5%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and 1,776 (28.9%) reported self-isolation. Overall, between 11,870 and 21,158 days of self-isolation were required by the cohort, equalling approximately 71 to 127 working days lost per 1,000 working days. The strongest risk factor associated with the presence of the primary composite endpoint was increasing frequency of contact with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases without adequate personal protective equipment (PPE): 'Never' (reference), 'Rarely' (adjusted odds ratio 1.06, (95% confidence interval: [0.87-1.29])), 'Sometimes' (1.7 [1.37-2.10]), 'Often' (1.84 [1.28-2.63]), 'Always' (2.93, [1.75-5.06]). Additionally, several comorbidities (cancer, respiratory disease, and obesity); working in a 'doctors' role; using public transportation for work; regular contact with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients; and lack of PPE were also associated with the presence of the primary endpoint. A total of 1,382 (22.5%) healthcare workers reported lacking access to PPE items while having clinical contact with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Suspected or confirmed COVID-19 was more common in healthcare workers than in the general population and is associated with significant workforce implications. Risk factors included inadequate PPE, which was reported by nearly a quarter of healthcare workers. Governments and policymakers must ensure adequate PPE is available as well as developing strategies to mitigate risk for high-risk healthcare workers during future COVID-19 waves.

International student nurses' use of social media for learning: A cross sectional survey

Background: Students use social media for sharing information and connecting with their friends, also for peer support, peer learning and student engagement. Research indicates that approximately twice the number of students were using social media for educational purposes compared to academic staff and almost all students discuss academic issues on social media. However, little is known about how diverse cohorts of student nurses use social media for specific purposes at different stages of their learning. Objectives: Identify how student nurses in each country of study use social media for learning. Identify how each generation of student nurses use social media for learning. Identify how student nurses use social media as their education progresses. Design: A cross-sectional survey. Settings: The study was undertaken across three countries Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and the UK. Participants: Student nurses from each of the countries that consented to participate met the inclusion criteria. Methods: 1050 student nurses across the three countries self-completed the cross-sectional survey between March and September 2019. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: WhatsApp® was the most used platform for learning amongst participants. Watching videos and downloading articles represented two-thirds of social media usage for learning. Smart phones were the most used device to access social media. Kruskal-Wallis tests were significant (≤0.001) for checking social media and messaging in lecture, use of social media for studies and classroom activities by country, generation (except classroom activities) and year of education. Use of social media for classroom activities had no significance by generation. Conclusion: Country, generation and year of education are factors that influence the use of social media in student nurses' learning. These should be considered by Universities in curriculum development and in teaching and learning delivery. From a pragmatic approach, social media is available and used by a majority of student nurses and can be widely assimilated into the nursing curriculum