RESUMO
Converging lines of evidence indicate that near-infrared light treatment, also known as photobiomodulation (PBM), may exert beneficial effects and protect against cellular toxicity and degeneration in several animal models of human pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, we report that chronic PMB treatment mitigates dopaminergic loss induced by unilateral overexpression of human α-synuclein (α-syn) in the substantia nigra of an AAV-based rat genetic model of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this model, daily exposure of both sides of the rat's head to 808-nm near-infrared light for 28 consecutive days alleviated α-syn-induced motor impairment, as assessed using the cylinder test. This treatment also significantly reduced dopaminergic neuronal loss in the injected substantia nigra and preserved dopaminergic fibers in the ipsilateral striatum. These beneficial effects were sustained for at least 6 weeks after discontinuing the treatment. Together, our data point to PBM as a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PD and other related synucleinopathies.
Assuntos
Neurônios Dopaminérgicos/efeitos da radiação , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Doença de Parkinson/radioterapia , Substância Negra/efeitos da radiação , Animais , Corpo Estriado/metabolismo , Corpo Estriado/patologia , Corpo Estriado/efeitos da radiação , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Neurônios Dopaminérgicos/metabolismo , Neurônios Dopaminérgicos/patologia , Feminino , Doença de Parkinson/genética , Doença de Parkinson/metabolismo , Doença de Parkinson/patologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Substância Negra/metabolismo , Substância Negra/patologiaRESUMO
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is crucial for the development of T and B lymphocytes from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) and for the maintenance of mature T lymphocytes. Its in vivo role for dendritic cells (DCs) has been poorly defined. Here, we investigated whether IL-7 is important for the development or maintenance of different DC types. Bone marrow-derived DCs expressed the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) and survived significantly longer in the presence of IL-7. Migratory DCs (migDCs) isolated from lymph nodes also expressed IL-7R. Surprisingly, IL-7R was not required for their maintenance but indirectly for their development. Conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) resident in lymph nodes and spleen were IL-7R(-). Using mixed bone marrow chimeras, we observed an intrinsic requirement for IL-7R signals in their development. As the number of CLPs but not myeloid progenitors was reduced in the absence of IL-7 signals, we propose that a large fraction of cDCs and pDCs derives from CLPs and shares not only the lymphoid origin but also the IL-7 requirement with lymphocyte precursors.
Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/citologia , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Interleucina-7/imunologia , Interleucina-7/metabolismo , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Células da Medula Óssea/imunologia , Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Células Dendríticas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Interleucina-7/deficiência , Interleucina-7/genética , Tecido Linfoide/citologia , Tecido Linfoide/imunologia , Tecido Linfoide/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Receptores de Interleucina-7/deficiência , Receptores de Interleucina-7/genética , Receptores de Interleucina-7/imunologia , Receptores de Interleucina-7/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/imunologiaRESUMO
The Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) was detected in carbapenem-resistant isolates of Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella oxytoca recovered from different patients in a Michigan hospital. Restriction analysis and hybridization with a KPC-specific probe showed the bla(KPC-2) genes of these two genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae are carried on a common plasmid.