Antigenotoxic and antimutagenic effects of Myrciaria dubia juice in mice submitted to ethanol 28-day treatment.

Myrciaria dubia is a native plant from the Amazon region which produces red-purplish fruit rich in antioxidant compounds such as ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and phenolic. M. dubia fruit is used to prepare juices considered to possess high nutritional content providing health benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of M. dubia juice to protect DNA against genomic instability induced by sub-acute ethanol consumption attributed to oxidative stress. Mice were treated for 28 days with juice at 25% and 50% diluted in distilled water or with the diluted combination juice plus ethanol (5 g/kg). The genotoxic/antigenotoxic and mutagenic/antimutagenic effects were assessed using comet assay in blood, liver, and kidney and micronucleus (MN) test with bone marrow. In addition, the mutagenicity was also evaluated using Salmonella/microsome assay. Phytochemical compounds were determined using HPLC/PDA/MS/MS. The juice did not induce genotoxic effects in blood, kidney, and liver cells at both doses. In combination with ethanol, the juice reduced the alcohol-mediated DNA damage in all tissues analyzed. Further, the juice did not produce mutagenic effects and decreased mutagenicity induced by ethanol in the bone marrow. The anthocyanins were major compounds detected by HPLC/PDA/MS/MS, which modulated genotoxic and mutagenic effects initiated by ethanol and at least in part appeared responsible for the observed antigenotoxic and antimutagenic effects of M. dubia juice.

Análise microbiológica de pastéis comercializados em feiras-livres da estância turística de Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO / Microbiological analysis of pastries marketed in fairs from Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO

As feiras livres são sempre atrativas para quem procura alimentos de preparo rápido, porém por ser um ambiente aberto e com alto fluxo de pessoas, ocorre um índice elevado de contaminação de alimentos comercializados nesses locais. O pastel foi escolhido por ser um alimento de fácil acesso e muito comum em feiras. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar pastéis com possíveis contaminações por bactérias patogênicas. Foram avaliadas 24 amostras de pastéis, coletadas em diferentes barracas sendo quatro diferentes tipos de recheios, para identificação de coliformes a 45°C, Estafilococos coagulase positiva, Salmonella e Clostrídios sulfito redutores a 46°C. As amostras analisadas apresentaram-se de acordo com o padrão microbiológico estabelecido pela legislação vigente. Os resultados apresentaram valores de acordo com o padrão de legislação, porém deve-se sempre estar atento às Boas Práticas de Fabricação, fornecendo assim alimentos seguros aos consumidores e prevenindo possíveis doenças transmitidas por alimentos (DTAs).(AU)

Street-markets are always attractive for those who are looking for ready-to-eat food. However, as they are in an open and crowded environment, there is a high level of contamination around them. The pastry (typical fast-food Brazilian dish) was chosen because it is an accessible and very common at street markets or fairs. This study aimed to analyze pastry from street markets with possible contamination by pathogenic bacteria. Twenty-four samples of pastry were evaluated, collected in different pastry shops and for different types of fillings, following the methodology of Silva et al. (2010) for identification of coliforms at 45°C, coagulase positive Staphylococci, Salmonella and sulfite Clostridium reducers at 46°C. The samples analyzed were in accordance with the microbiological standard established by the legislation RDC # 12 of January 2nd, 2001of the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) The results presented values according to the standard of legislation, nevertheless it should always be aware of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), thus providing safe food to consumers and eliminating possible foodborne diseases (FBD).

Análise fitoquímica e das atividades citotóxica, antioxidante, e antibacteriana das flores de Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Nicholson / Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of Tabebuia serratifolia flowers (Vahl) Nicholson'

O presente estudo objetivou realizar a análise fitoquímica e avaliar as atividades antioxidante, citotóxica e antimicrobiana das flores de Tabebuia serratifolia (Ipê amarelo). A identificação de metabólitos secundários foi realizada por meio de testes qualitativos colorimétricos, a citotoxicidade pelo teste de letalidade frente à Artemia Salina, a atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pela capacidade de desativação do radical 2,2-difenil1-picrilhidrazila (DPPH) e a atividade antibacteriana foi avaliada pelo método de difusão em disco, frente aos microrganismos Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Shigella sp. Os resultados revelaram a presença de flavonoides, saponinas e triterpenos e/ou esteroides. Observou-se a citotoxicidade (DL50=679 µg/mL), atividade antioxidante (CE50=86 mg/mL) e atividade antibacteriana sobre todas as cepas testadas (CIM=25 mg/mL).(AU)

The present study aimed to analyze the phytochemical compounds, and evaluate the cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Tabebuia serratifolia flowers. The phytochemical analysis was performed using qualitative colorimetric tests, the cytotoxicity by the Artemia salina lethality test, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ability to deactivate the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and the antibacterial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method, against the microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella sp. The results revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins and triterpenes or steroids. It was observed the cytotoxicity (LD50=679 µg/mL), antioxidant activity (EC50=86 mg/mL) and antibacterial activity on all strains tested.(AU)

Pesquisa de Salmonella spp. e Listeria Monocytogenes em Saladas Contendo Maionese Comercializadas em Restaurantes Localizados no Município de JI ­ Paraná, Rondônia, Brasil

O número de pessoas que realizam suas refeições em restaurantes tem aumentado exponencialmente, sendo preocupante a qualidade dos alimentos servidos, uma vez que, quando contaminados, podem acarretar graves surtos de Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos. O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a presença de Salmonella spp. e Listeria monocytogenes em saladas contendo maionese servidas em restaurantes no município de Ji-Paraná, Rondônia. Foram coletadas 20 amostras de cinco restaurantes, sendo 4 amostras de cada estabelecimento. Do total de amostras analisadas, 30% apresentaram contaminação por Salmonella spp., não sendo constatada presença de Listeria monocytogenes. A contaminação por Salmonella spp. demonstra a necessidade de maior controle de qualidade no preparo desse alimento e fiscalização por parte dos órgãos responsáveis, tendo em vista o fato deste microrganismo ser o mais associado a surtos de Doenças Transmitidas por Alimento

The number of people eating in restaurants has increased, which concerns the quality of food served, since contaminated food can cause serious foodborne disease outbreaks. This study aimed to analyze the presence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in salads containing mayonnaise served in restaurants in the city of Ji-Paraná, Rondônia. Twenty samples were collected in five restaurants, 4 from each establishment. Of the total, 30% were contaminated by Salmonella spp., while no contamination was found for Listeria monocytogenes. The contamination by Salmonella spp. demonstrates the need for greater quality control in food preparation, and supervision by the responsible agencies, once Salmonella is the microorganism most associated with foodborne disease outbreaks.

Qualidade da água subterrânea obtida de poços em áreas urbanas na cidade de JI-Paraná ­ RO / Groundwater of quality obtained from wells in urban areas in the city of JI-Parana - RO

Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas de 45 amostras da água subterrânea em poços de áreas urbanas na cidade de Ji-Paraná - RO. As amostras foram analisadas para Coliformes totais e Escherichia coli, ambos com resultados expressos em número mais provável (NMP/100mL), com a finalidade de avaliar as condições de potabilidade dessas águas de poços. Os resultados das 45 amostras de águas coletadas foram comparados aos valores máximos permissíveis para consumo humano nas legislações federais vigentes no Brasil. Foram encontrados Coliformes totais em 42,22% das amostras e E. coli em 89,47% das amostras com presença de Coliformes totais, ou seja, os resultados não apresentaram conformidade comparando-se aos padrões preconizado na Portaria 2914/MS, representando um risco à saúde dos consumidores das águas destes poços. Em todo o Brasil, 22% das crianças morrem antes de completarem 6 anos de idade devido a males provocados por regiões sem água tratada. Além de que, 65% das internações de crianças com até 10 anos de idade são devido à ingestão de água não tratada.

Microbiological analyzes were performed of 45 samples of groundwater in urban areas wells in the city of Ji-Paraná-RO. The samples were analyzed for Total coliforms and Escherichia coli, both with results expressed in most probable number (MPN / 100ml) for the purpose of evaluating the potability of these conditions well water. The results of the 45 samples collected water were compared to the maximum permissible values for human consumption under federal laws in force in Brazil. Coliform bacteria were found in samples of 42.22% and 89.47% E. coli in the samples with the presence of Total Coliforms, or non-compliance results presented up to the recommended comparing the Ruling 2914 standards / MS, representing a risk to consumer health from the waters of these wells. In Brazil, 22% of children die before reaching the age of 6 due to ailments caused by regions without clean water. Apart from that, 65% of hospitalizations of children under 10 years of age are due to ingestion of water untreated.