[Possibilities of systemic radiotherapy with high-purity 89Sr chloride in the treatment of bone metastases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficiency of treatment via single administration of high-purity 89Sr chloride in the standard activity of 150 MBq for pain syndrome in patients with multiple bone metastases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The authors carried out clinical trials of high-purity 89Sr chloride used to treat 30 patients with multiple bone metastases from cancers at various sites. The results of treatment were analyzed in 30 patients with multiple bone metastases, who had received systemic radiation therapy with high-purity 89Sr chloride in the standard activity of 150 MBq. These were assessed using some indicators: the intensity of pain syndrome and the blood concentrations of hemoglobin, leukocytes, and platelets. RESULTS: There was evidence for the use of high-purity 89Sr chloride in the therapy of patients with cancer at various sites with multiple bone metastases. The major indicators (pain syndrome, the blood concentrations of hemoglobin, leukocytes, and platelets) were compared before and after the treatment. These were also compared with those obtained with the use of usual 89Sr chloride. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic action of high-purity 89Sr chloride is comparable with that of 89Sr chloride in the standard activity; moreover, the analgesic effect of high-purity 89Sr chloride is being significantly higher. It has less significant myelotoxic activity than usual 89Sr chloride. High-purity 89Sr chloride is an effective radiopharmaceutical agent and may be used for systemic radiotherapy in patients with multiple bone metastatic lesion.

[Strontium chloride (89Sr-chloride) fractional injection method for bone metastases treatment].

The study was designed to compare the effectivnes of 89Sr-chlorid injections by 50 Mbk fractions with standard 150 Mbk injection in patients with bone metastases. Fifty patients with bone metastases were included in the study, 25 of them received 89Sr-chloride by fractional and 25 (control group) by single injection. The pain intensity, white blood cells and thrombocytes concentration values were evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. The study proved the possibility of using systemic 89Sr-chloride fractional radiotherapy in patients with bone metastases and concurrent stage 2-3 myelosupression. The method of fractial 89Sr-chloride injection is effective in symptomatic treatment of patients with bone metastases.

[Systemic radiotherapy options in the treatment of metastatic skeletal involvement].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of treatment using various systemic radiotherapies for metastatic skeletal involvement in patients with breast or prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The case histories of 350 patients treated at the Department of Radiation Medicine in 2006 to 2010 for multiple metastatic skeletal involvement in cancers at various sites were analyzed. The efficiency of treatment for pain syndrome and the magnitude of a myelosuppressive effect were estimated in the use of various systemic radiotherapies. For this, the authors compared: 1) two patient groups treated by 89Sr chloride monotherapy in the standard activity of 150 MBq or by that in combination with teleradiotherapy (TRT); 2) two patient groups treated by the monotherapy in the standard activity of 150 MBq or by 89Sr chloride fractional injection. RESULTS: The efficiency of treatment using various systemic radiotherapies was estimated. That was comparatively evaluated in the patient groups having various treatments. Algorithms of indications were elaborated to choose a systemic radiotherapy option depending on the clinical situation. An 89Sr chloride injection procedure was developed for patients with significant myelosuppression. CONCLUSION: 1. Various systemic radiotherapies as second-line therapy may be used to treat metastatic skeletal involvement in patients with cancer at various sites. 2. The most pronounced analgesic effect was found when 89Sr chloride in the standard activity of 150 MBq had been injected in combination with TRT (a 36% reduction in the intensity of pain syndrome); a less pronounced effect was produced by 89Sr chloride monotherapy (27%). The lowest analgesic effect was observed when 89Sr chloride had been fractionally injected (14%). 3. The levels of white blood cells and platelets were decreased in all the groups. 4. 89Sr chloride fractional injection is the method of choice when its single administration is impossible in patients with evident leukocyto- and thrombocytopenia.

[Results of testing of MINISKAN mobile gamma-ray camera and specific features of its design].

The main results of engineering, biomedical, and clinical testing of MINISKAN mobile gamma-ray camera are presented. Specific features of the camera hardware and software, as well as the main technical specifications, are described. The gamma-ray camera implements a new technology based on reconstructive tomography, aperture encoding, and digital processing of signals.

[Prevention of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in the liquidators of the accident at the Chernobyl Power Plant]. / Profilaktika ateroskleroza i infarkta miokarda u uchastnikov likvidatsii posledstvii avarii na ChAES.

The examination of 1450 patients-participants of elimination consequences after Chernobyl accident has revealed reasons of disablement: mental amd neurologic diseases -32%; cardiologic -28%; oncologic -13%; traumatic -14%. The reason of death in 60% were cardiologic diseases. Arteriosclerosis and myocardial infarction were revealed among participants of 1986 in 85% and 1987 only in 15%. There were revealed high efficiency of myocardial infarction's prophylactic by means of prescription hypoholesterinemic preparations.

[Value of prophylactic investigation of thoracic organs in victims of the Chernobyl power plant disaster]. / O tselocoobraznosti provedeniia profilakticheskikh issledovanii organov grudnoi kletki u lits, postradavshikh pri avarii na ChAEC.

Relatively low morbidity of tuberculosis of the lung (2 per 1,500) and comparatively high morbidity of ling cancer were reported in 1995-1997 among the liquidators of Chernobyl nuclear power station disaster. Risk of malignant disease involved in X-ray check-ups of the chest has been identified. Low diagnostic value of photoroentgenography for lung tumors has been reported.

[Ultrasonic scanning of the thyroid in the children of Bryansk Province in 1989]. / Ul'trazvukovoe skanirovanie shchitovidnoi zhelezy u detei Brianskoi oblasti.

Ultrasound scanning has shown that the rate of pathological thyroid changes in schoolchildren of the endemic zone is a 2.5-fold high as that in Moscow schoolchildren. Children affected at the Chernobyl accident demonstrated a significant increase in the thyroid size, the frequency of hypoplasia and thypoiditides as compared to indices in children from the endemic area without radioactive contamination.

[Ultrasonic scanning of the thyroid in children]. / Ul'trazvukovoe skanirovanie shchitovidnoi zhelezy u detei.

Ultrasound scanning of the thyroid in 550 school children using a transducer of 7.5 MHz with a water bag made it possible to substantiate normal sizes of the lobes and isthmus of the thyroid. An increase in the thyroid size was found in 4% of the cases, change in the echo structure, typical of the initial stages of thyroiditis--in 3.2%.