The Effect of Yoga and Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise on Sexual Function and Sexual Self-esteem of Reproductive-age Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Sexual function is a part of sexual health which is an important aspect of the quality of life. Physical activity is one of the healthiest activities that can effectively reduce the risk of sexual disorders. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of yoga and pelvic floor muscle exercises on the sexual function and sexual self-esteem of reproductive-age women. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted from September to December 2023 on 46 women of reproductive age working in the Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences and its affiliated health centers. Multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select the subjects; later, they were randomly divided into two intervention groups A (N=21) and B (N=25). Participants in intervention groups A and B performed pelvic floor muscle exercises at home using an educational pamphlet 3 times a week for 6 weeks, with 3 times a day repetition. In addition, women in the intervention group A participated in a yoga training program for 2 sessions per week for 6 weeks. Data collection tools included a demographic information form, the Female Sexual Function Index, and Sexual Self-Esteem Inventory for women. Questionnaires were completed by both groups before, immediately, and one month after the intervention. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, fisher's exact test, independent two-sample t-test, repeated measures test, and analysis of covariance in SPSS software version 16. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered. Results: The results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups in sexual function (P=0.21) and sexual self-esteem (P=0.22) scores before the intervention. Also, the results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of sexual function (P=0.35) and sexual self-esteem (P=0.59) scores one month after the intervention. However, the mean score of the sexual function index immediately after intervention showed a statistically significant difference between the intervention groups A (31.43±3.76) and B (29.41±2.38) (P<0.001). The mean score of the sexual self-esteem immediately after the intervention showed a statistically significant difference between the intervention groups A (181.19±19.90) and B (171.32±15.02) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Adding yoga exercises to pelvic floor muscle exercises can improve the sexual function and sexual self-esteem of women at their reproductive age. Trial Registration Number: IRCT20100524004015N1.

Evaluation of the effect of Nigella sativa oil on the outcome of missed abortion in women: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Background and Aim: Due to the concern about the side effects of chemical drugs and their ineffectiveness, the use of natural compounds as alternatives or complementary therapies has received increasing attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Nigella sativa oil on the outcome of missed abortion. Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 70 nulliparous pregnant women referred to Hajar Hospital and Imam Ali clinics of Shahrekord and had missed abortion before the 12-week gestational age were selected and randomly divided into two interventions and control groups. The intervention group received 5 g of Nigella sativa oil alone daily for up to 3 days and the control group received a placebo. In case of nonresponse, 3 days after the last dose of medication or placebo, 800 µg of misoprostol (vaginal) were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test and paired t-test were used for analytical statistics. Results: According to the results, 18 cases (51.4%) in the intervention group and seven cases (20%) in the control group showed complete evacuation of uterine contents which had a significant difference (p < 0.05). The frequency of vagina physical examination and type of hemorrhage did not show any significant difference between the two groups before and after the intervention. After the intervention, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was significantly decreased in the intervention group but did not change in the control group (p < 0.05). The frequency of adverse events in the intervention group was three (8.6%) and in the control group was one (2.9%) which had no significant difference. Conclusion: Nigella sativa improves the outcome of missed abortion by reducing HCG and facilitating cervix dilatation and delivery of uterine contents.

Estilo de vida en mujeres con cáncer de mama: un estudio de revisión narrativa / Estilo de vida em mulheres com cancro da mama: um estudo de revisão narrativa / Life style in women with breast cancer: a narrative review study

Objective: The present review study aimed to assess the lifestyle of women with breastcancer. Methods: In this study, information on Life style in women with breast cancer was obtainedfrom Persian and English databases using Persian keywords and their English equivalent for “Lifestyle, Breast Cancer” based on MeSH (medical subject headings) from 2000 to 2020. Among all thearticles searched, 48 studies were included in the review research. To collect information from thestudies, the articles were carefully reviewed and the results were extracted. Results: According tothe available scientific evidence, lifestyle has an effect on health and some related factors such asinadequate physical activity, stress, eating patterns, bad behaviors such as smoking and drinkingalcohol are associated with breast cancer. Conclusion: Therefore, interventions and trainings shouldbe planned to provide a suitable and sufficient ground for guiding women towards healthy lifestyles and behavioral habits.(AU)

Objetivo: El presente estudio de revisión tuvo como objetivo evaluar el estilo de vida demujeres con cáncer de mama. Métodos: en este estudio, la información sobre el estilo de vida enmujeres con cáncer de mama se obtuvo de bases de datos en persa e inglés utilizando palabras claveen persa y su equivalente en inglés para "Estilo de vida, cáncer de mama" basado en MeSH (encabezamientos de temas médicos) de 2000 a 2020. Entre todos los artículos buscados, 48 estudios seincluyeron en la investigación de revisión. Para recopilar información de los estudios, se revisaroncuidadosamente los artículos y se extrajeron los resultados. Resultados: De acuerdo con la evidenciacientífica disponible, el estilo de vida tiene un efecto sobre la salud y algunos factores relacionadoscomo la actividad física inadecuada, el estrés, los patrones de alimentación, las malas conductascomo el tabaquismo y el consumo de alcohol se asocian con el cáncer de mama. Conclusión: Por lotanto, las intervenciones y capacitaciones deben planificarse para proporcionar un terreno adecuadoy suficiente para orientar a las mujeres hacia estilos de vida y hábitos de comportamiento saludables.(AU)

Objetivo: O presente estudo de revisão teve como objetivo avaliar o estilo de vida de mulheres com câncer de mama. Métodos: Neste estudo, as informações sobre estilo de vida em mulheres com câncer de mama foram obtidas de bancos de dados persa e inglês usando palavras-chavepersas e seu equivalente em inglês para “Life style, Breast Cancer” com base no MeSH (medicalsubject headers) de 2000 a 2020. Entre todos os artigos pesquisados, 48 estudos foram incluídos napesquisa de revisão. Para coletar informações dos estudos, os artigos foram cuidadosamente revisados e os resultados foram extraídos. Resultados: De acordo com as evidências científicas disponíveis, o estilo de vida tem efeito sobre a saúde e alguns fatores relacionados como atividade físicainadequada, estresse, padrões alimentares, maus comportamentos como fumar e consumir álcoolestão associados ao câncer de mama. Conclusão: Portanto, intervenções e treinamentos devem serplanejados para fornecer um terreno adequado e suficiente para orientar as mulheres para estilosde vida e hábitos comportamentais saudáveis.(AU)

Effect of acupressure at the BL67 spot on the spontaneous rotation of fetus with breech presentation: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Breech is a common fetal presentation in preterm pregnancies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of acupressure at the BL67 point on the spontaneous rotation of fetus with breech presentation. METHODS: An unblind, two-armed randomized controlled trial was carried out from September 2017 to April 2020. Research participants were 138 pregnant women at 32 to 35 weeks of gestational age that had fetal breech presentation confirmed by ultrasound. They were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups (n=69 in each group). The intervention group received acupressure at the BL67 point on both feet for 10 minutes daily and for two consecutive weeks. The control group received routine care. Demographic and midwifery data questionnaires were used for data collection. RESULTS: The spontaneous rotation of fetus with breech presentation into cephalic was observed in the majority of participants in the intervention group (82.6%) compared to the control group (17.4%) (p<0.001). Statistically significant differences in the fetal presentation at delivery was observed between the groups (84.1% cephalic vs. 18.8% breech, p<0.001). Regarding the type of delivery, cesarean section was reported mostly (85.5%) in the control group compared to the intervention group (21.7%) (p<0.001). However, the first- and fifth-minute Apgar scores of newborns had no statistically significant differences between the groups (p=0.773). CONCLUSION: It is suggested to incorporate acupressure at the BL67 point into the care process for pregnant women to help with the reduction of the rate of cesarean section and avoid its related complications.

A study of depression, partnership and sexual satisfaction in patients with post-traumatic olfactory disorders.

Post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction (PTOD) is associated with a significant decrease in quality of life. The present study aimed to explore whether PTOD is associated with depression and changes in sexuality. There were two groups in this case-control study. The patient group consisted of patients with PTOD (n = 55), and the control group comprised healthy individuals without the olfactory disorder (n = 115). Olfactory function, depression, partnership, and sexual satisfaction were assessed using the Iranian version of the Sniffin' Sticks test (Ir-SST), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Enrich Couple Scale (ECS) and Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women (SSSW). The BDI scores were higher in the patient group than in the control group (p < 0.001). The SSSW score was lower in the patient group than in controls (p < 0.01), although the ECS score was not significantly different between patients and controls. Also, there was no significant difference in the severity of trauma between marital satisfaction and sexual satisfaction. However, the analysis showed a statistically significant difference in depression scores in connection with the head trauma severity. In the PTOD group, depression was increased and sexual satisfaction declined. Understanding the association of olfactory dysfunction with depression and sexuality allows patients and doctors to deal with less notable consequences of this disorder.

Marriage, a way to achieve relaxing evolution: A grounded theory investigation.

BACKGROUND: Marital satisfaction is a complex of feelings, which includes pleasure, satisfaction, and pleasure experienced by the husband or wife in all aspects of marriage, and it is an important part of individual health, especially mental health. This qualitative study was conducted to understand marital satisfaction using grounded theory on couples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study was implemented using grounded theory based on Corbin and Strauss, 2008, to investigate the process of marital satisfaction formation among couples from 2014 to 2016. The sampling was started as purposeful and continued as theoretical. The data were obtained using semi-structured interviews. 28 interviews were taken from 25 participants; MAXQDA software was used to facilitate the organization of classes and subclasses. RESULTS: The central variable of this study was called "toward a relaxing evolution." On that account, the main classes included "supportive companionship" and "responsible love," and variables of "personality traits," "interactive relationships," "economic status," "passage of time," and "present resources in society" provided the basis for the formation of marital satisfaction. CONCLUSION: To achieve marital satisfaction, couples should set their family's ultimate goal toward achieving a relaxing evolution for the entire family, and they should accompany each other in order to achieve that goal. This sometimes requires sacrifice and forgiveness to achieve the ultimate goal of the family.

The presence of the child, the opportunity or a threat to marital satisfaction: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore if the presence of a child in the family was an opportunity or threat to the marital life. METHODS: In this common qualitative content analysis, semi-structured interviews with 20 participants were conducted. All of the interviews were recorded and then transcribed. The data were categorized, and the main themes and sub-themes were extracted. RESULTS: Twenty transcription were analysed. The data analysis led to the development of the first theme of "feeling evolution" with the category of "flourishing the motherhood sense," and the second theme of "strengthening the marital life" with the two categories of "the marital life stabilization" and "efforts for a common goal." CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the child can lead to the feeling of development and stabilizing the marital life. Furthermore, the presence of the child can facilitate or hinder marital satisfaction. Given the challenges due to a lack of preparation of parents for childbirth, consultation and support by family members or the society can help with adaptation with this life period and increasing the positive effects of the presence of the child on parents' relationships and marital satisfaction.

Marital satisfaction through the lens of Iranian women: a qualitative study.

INTRODUCTION: One of the common concepts to show the happiness and stability of marriage is the concept of marital satisfaction. Marital satisfaction plays an important role in the stability of marriage. This study was conducted to explain the perception of marital satisfaction among Iranian women. METHODS: This study was conducted between March and September 2015 by common qualitative content analysis approach through semi-structured interviews and 19 participants were selected by purposive sampling. RESULTS: With the analysis of data two themes: (maturity of personality) which included a sub-theme of blossoming of feelings, and (romantic interaction) consisted of three sub-themes of; mutual support, sense of peace and joyful dependence emerged. CONCLUSION: Marital life can lead to the development of people and lovely interaction between them. Surely it needs to passing of time and self-knowing and couple-knowing of each other. Family consultants need the perception of how couple's interaction is, also they need to understand about couples who can communicate well to each other so they can overcome many life's other deficiencies.

The effect of sexual health education program on women sexual function in Iran.

BACKGROUND: Sexual dysfunction is the most common disorder in women. According to the WHO, sexual education programs are considered as a need. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of educational program on sexual function in women with sexual dysfunction. METHODS: This randomized trial, was conducted in 2013 on 90 married women by convenient sampling in Qazvin, central Iran. The demographic, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires were completed during structured interviews. After completing the sample size, subjects were divided randomly into two groups by using the table of random numbers (educational and control groups), then respectively received an educational intervention in the four sessions with one week interval and routine program offered by the center and following-up was done with refilling questionnaires 8 weeks after intervention. RESULTS: Sexual function improved after sex educational programs in all dimensions (sexual desire (P=0.006), sexual exciting (P=0.006), vaginal moisture (P=0.002), sexual satisfaction (P=0.011), and total score of sexual function (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the importance role of sexual function in family strength, health, and development, it can be claimed that educational sex programs can help practitioners to improve sexual function of married women with sexual dysfunction.

Comparison of effects of home visits and routine postpartum care on the healthy behaviors of Iranian low-risk mothers.

BACKGROUND: Postpartum care at home is a post delivery care method that can be provided by public health nurses, trained health workers, or midwifery nurses. A study conducted to compare effect of two midwife visits at home to usual postpartum care on the healthy behaviors of low-risk Iranian mothers. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial conducted on 200 mothers at a reference center for screening for infant hypothyroidism in Tehran. Mothers were randomized to either home-based (n = 100) or routine-based postpartum care (n = 100). Each mother and her neonate received two cares. Home-based cares were provided by a midwife in the intervention group. Postpartum cares in the control group were provided by care providers of primary health care system. Healthy behavior was measured using a validated and reliable researcher made instrument. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, paired t-test, and χ(2)-test. RESULTS: The data showed that a significant number of subjects in the control group did not receive their postpartum care (P < 0.001). The mean score of maternal healthy behaviors in the intervention group increased from 120.5 (SE = 0.76) to 148.9 (SE = 1.02) (P < 0.001) and in the control group from 119.9 (SE = 1.06) to 140.9 (SE = 1.08) (P < 0.001). The mean score of maternal healthy behaviors in the intervention group had significant differences with that in the control group at the end of study (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Early postpartum care at home by trained midwives can be positively effective for improving maternal healthy behaviors in less developed countries.