Quantitative evaluation of light scattering intensities of the crystalline lens for radiation related minimal change in interventional radiologists: a cross-sectional pilot study.

To evaluate low-dose X-ray radiation effects on the eye by measuring the amount of light scattering in specific regions of the lens, we compared exposed subjects (interventional radiologists) with unexposed subjects (employees of medical service companies), as a pilot study. According to numerous exclusionary rules, subjects with confounding variables contributing to cataract formation were excluded. Left eye examinations were performed on 68 exposed subjects and 171 unexposed subjects. The eye examinations consisted of an initial screening examination, followed by Scheimpflug imaging of the lens using an anterior eye segment analysis system. The subjects were assessed for the quantity of light scattering intensities found in each of the six layers of the lens. Multiple stepwise regression analyses were performed with the stepwise regression for six variables: age, radiation exposure, smoking, drinking, wearing glasses and workplace. In addition, an age-matched comparison between exposed and unexposed subjects was performed. Minimal increased light scattering intensity in the posterior subcapsular region showed statistical significance. Our results indicate that occupational radiation exposure in interventional radiologists may affect the posterior subcapsular region of the lens. Since by its very nature this retrospective study had many limitations, further well-designed studies concerning minimal radiation-related lens changes should be carried out in a low-dose exposure group.

Lung adenocarcinoma, mixed subtype: histopathologic basis for high-resolution computed tomography findings.

"Adenocarcinoma, mixed subtype" is the most common histologic subtype of lung adenocarcinomas in the World Health Organization classification of 2004. For small peripheral adenocarcinomas, for example, those measuring 2 cm or less in greatest diameter, invasive areas can present various histologic patterns. The purpose of this study is to present the radiologic features of small peripheral lung adenocarcinomas with or without a bronchioloalveolar component and with or without invasive areas, in comparison with histopathologic findings. For this purpose, a detailed evaluation of the characteristics of solid regions in ground-glass opacity on high-resolution computerized tomographic images of lung adenocarcinoma is useful.