Unveiling the role of HACE1 in cervical cancer: implications for human papillomavirus infection and prognosis.

Background: Cervical cancer, one of the prevalent malignancies among females, is closely associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus (HECT) domain and ankyrin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1 (HACE1) plays pivotal roles in various cancers. This study aimed to elucidate the expression of HACE1 in cervical cancer and its correlation with clinical features. Methods: From The Cancer Genome Atlas Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-CESC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, GSE6791) datasets, we obtained RNA-Seq profiles and associated clinical information. Differential gene analysis was conducted using the R "limma" package. Implications for HPV infection and the overall survival (OS) of cervical cancer were determined by performing differential expression analysis and the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Immunohistochemical analyses were used to validate the expression in cervical cancer and normal cervical tissue. Further, nomogram was constructed to predict OS in cervical cancer. Whether the model was credible was evaluated according to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and concordance curves. To further evaluate the potential functions of HACE1, we conducted functional enrichment analysis. Finally, we assessed methylation levels in HPV+ and HPV- patients in the TCGA-CESC dataset. Results: Utilizing TCGA and GSE6791 datasets, we observed significant upregulation of HACE1 in cervical cancer patients, particularly linked to HPV infection. Immunohistochemical staining revealed enhanced HACE1 expression in tumor tissues. Further analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between elevated HACE1 and HPV-associated proteins (E1, E6, and E7). Moreover, high HACE1 expression was associated with adverse prognosis in cervical cancer patients. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that HACE1 could serve as an independent prognostic factor. We developed a prognostic model integrating HPV subtypes, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, and HACE1, exhibiting strong predictive efficacy for cervical cancer prognosis. Gene enrichment analysis indicated HACE1's potential involvement in multiple signaling pathways during cervical cancer progression, while the demethylation of cg03002526 in HPV-positive patients might contribute to HACE1 upregulation. Conclusions: Our study reveals that HACE1 upregulation is associated with cervical cancer, particularly in HPV-positive patients. HACE1 emerges as an independent prognostic factor, linked to unfavorable outcomes.

Sono-enhanced degradation of dye pollutants with the use of H2O2 activated by Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as peroxidase mimetic.

Sono-enhanced degradation of a dye pollutant Rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated by using H(2)O(2) as a green oxidant and Fe(3)O(4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a peroxidase mimetic. It was found that Fe(3)O(4) MNPs could catalyze the break of H(2)O(2) to remove RhB in a wide pH range from 3.0 to 9.0 and its peroxidase-like activity was significantly enhanced by the ultrasound irradiation. At pH 5.0 and temperature 55 degrees C, the ultrasound-assisted H(2)O(2)-Fe(3)O(4) catalysis removed about 95% of RhB (0.02 mmol L(-1)) in 15 min with a apparent rate constant of 0.15 min(-1) for the degradation of RhB, being 6.5 and 37.6 folds of that in the simple catalytic H(2)O(2)-Fe(3)O(4) system, and the simple ultrasonic US-H(2)O(2) systems, respectively. The beneficial synergistic behavior between Fe(3)O(4) catalysis and ultrasonic was demonstrated to be dependent on Fe(3)O(4) dosage, H(2)O(2) concentration, pH value and temperature. As a tentative explanation, the observed significant synergistic effects was attributed to the positive interaction between cavitation effect accelerating the catalytic breakdown of H(2)O(2) over Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles, and the function of Fe(3)O(4) MNPs providing more nucleation sites for the cavitation inception.

Sono-assisted preparation of highly-efficient peroxidase-like Fe(3)O(4) magnetic nanoparticles for catalytic removal of organic pollutants with H(2)O(2).

Fe(3)O(4) magnetic nanoparticles (Fe(3)O(4) MNPs) with much improved peroxidase-like activity were successfully prepared through an advanced reverse co-precipitation method under the assistance of ultrasound irradiation. The characterizations with XRD, BET and SEM indicated that the ultrasound irradiation in the preparation induced the production of Fe(3)O(4) MNPs possessing smaller particle sizes (16.5nm), greater BET surface area (82.5m(2)g(-1)) and much higher dispersibility in water. The particle sizes, BET surface area, chemical composition and then catalytic property of the Fe(3)O(4) MNPs could be tailored by adjusting the initial concentration of ammonia water and the molar ratio of Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) during the preparation process. The H(2)O(2)-activating ability of Fe(3)O(4) MNPs was evaluated by using Rhodamine B (RhB) as a model compound of organic pollutants to be degraded. At pH 5.4 and temperature 40 degrees C, the sonochemically synthesized Fe(3)O(4) MNPs were observed to be able to activate H(2)O(2) and remove ca. 90% of RhB (0.02mmolL(-1)) in 60min with a apparent rate constant of 0.034min(-1) for the RhB degradation, being 12.6 folds of that (0.0027min(-1)) over the Fe(3)O(4) MNPs prepared via a conventional reverse co-precipitation method. The mechanisms of the peroxidase-like catalysis with Fe(3)O(4) MNPs were discussed to develop more efficient novel catalysts.