Investigating the Mechanism of Rare-Earth Ion Incorporation into Glass-Ceramic Crystal Phases through Er3+ Ion Probe Characteristics.

Exploring the intrinsic mechanisms of rare-earth ions entering the crystal phase has great significance for finely tuning the luminescent properties of glass-ceramics. Using Er3+ ions as a probe, X-ray diffraction was employed to precisely measure the crystallinity of SiO2-PbF2-Er2O3 glass-ceramics synthesized under various heat treatment conditions, confirming the occurrence of a rapid crystallization process. Additionally, by combining Judd-Ofelt theory with comprehensive analyses of absorption and fluorescence spectra, we calculated the relative proportions of Er3+ ions present in the crystal phase. We found that the crystallization process in the glass-ceramics and the incorporation of Er3+ ions into the crystal phase did not occur synchronously. This discovery provides new theoretical foundations and practical guidance for understanding the mechanism of rare-earth ion incorporation into crystal phases, which is significant for the development of functional materials with specific luminescent properties.

Screening and evaluation of bamboo shoots: Comparing the content of trace elements from 100 species.

Hundreds of bamboo shoots have been reported to be edible, but the accumulation of trace elements and hazardous elements in bamboo shoots is poorly understood. Here, 100 bamboo species have been evaluated by screening elements including B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As in bamboo shoots using different assessment systems. Bamboo shoots displayed different morphological characteristics, and large differences were found in the concentration of elements. Most bamboo shoots were rich in Fe and Zn and low concentrations of hazardous elements, but the concentration of Cd and Pb exceeded the maximum permissible limits of tuber vegetables in some bamboo species. Different bamboo shoots were ranked differently in the four assessment systems, and the comprehensive evaluation assigned final scores to all 100 bamboo shoots. This study provides valuable recommendations for selecting high-quality bamboo shoots that are rich in trace elements nutrition while minimizing the potential for hazardous element accumulation.

IsoSeq and RNA-Seq analyses uncover the molecular response of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen to low temperature.

In previous studies, we found young plants propagated from acclimated D. odorifera T. Chen trees displayed increased cold tolerance. To understand the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we prepared acclimated and non-acclimated young D. odorifera T. Chen trees for physiological, RNA-Seq, and IsoSeq analyses. First, both the acclimated and non-acclimated young trees were grown in 10 ℃ condition, then treated at -3 ℃ for one day, and finally recovered at 10 ℃. The measurement of physiological parameters, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, malondialdehyde, thiobarbituric acid, and soluble sugar, showed that the physiological change of acclimated plants is smoother than non-acclimated plants. The RNA-Seq analyses pointed out that cold acclimation already fixed the different gene expression patterns of D. odorifera T. Chen trees. The hormone-related, secondary metabolic, and signal transduction related biological genes tend to show different expressions between the acclimated and non-acclimated D. odorifera T. Chen trees. Moreover, the change of gene expression for some biological processes, such as alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism and its response to hydrogen peroxide, seems to occur earlier in non-acclimated than acclimated plants. The ISOSeq analyses pointed out that alternative splicing (AS) of some genes was also found, and these AS events were predicted to play important roles in regulating different expression patterns between non-acclimated and acclimated plants. Therefore, according to the performance of this study, we are able to provide some novel understanding of cold tolerance enhanced by cold acclimation in perennial trees.

RNA-seq and phytohormone analysis reveals the culm color variation of Bambusa oldhamii Munro.

BACKGROUND: The clumping bamboo Bambusa oldhamii Munro, known as "green bamboo", is famous for its edible bamboo shoots and fast-growing timber. The green and yellow striped-culm B. oldhamii variety, named B. oldhamii f. revoluta W.T. Lin & J. Y. Lin, is an attractive system for researching the culm color variation of B. oldhamii. METHODS: Millions of clean reads were generated and assembled into 604,900 transcripts, and 383,278 unigenes were acquired with RNA-seq technology. The quantification of ABA, IAA, JA, GA1, GA3, GA4, and GA7 was performed using HPLC-MS/MS platforms. RESULTS: Differential expression analysis showed that 449 unigenes were differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which 190 DEGs were downregulated and 259 DEGs were upregulated in B. oldhamii f. revoluta. Phytohormone contents, especially GA1 and GA7, were higher in B. oldhamii. Approximately 21 transcription factors (TFs) were differentially expressed between the two groups: the bZIP, MYB, and NF-YA transcription factor families had the most DEGs, indicating that those TFs play important roles in B. oldhamii culm color variation. RNA-seq data were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the selected genes; moreover, phytohormone contents, especially those of ABA, GA1 and GA7, were differentially accumulated between the groups. Our study provides a basal gene expression and phytohormone analysis of B. oldhamii culm color variation, which could provide a solid fundamental theory for investigating bamboo culm color variation.

The rhizosphere effect of native legume Albizzia julibrissin on coastal saline soil nutrient availability, microbial modulation, and aggregate formation.

In the coastal zones, numerous ecological shelterbelt projects were conducted to protect against natural hazards. However, it is still not fully understood whether phytoremediation with native legume Albizzia julibrissin plantation can improve saline soil structural development or microbial community structure. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the responses of rhizosphere soil salinity, nutrients, bacterial community, and aggregate structure to A. julibrissin plantation in a recently reclaimed area along Zhejiang coast, China. After ~3-year plantation, rhizosphere soil pH and EC reduced to 8.25 and 0.14 dS·m-1, respectively, belonging to non-saline soil. Meanwhile, total organic carbon (TOC), permanganate-oxidizable carbon (POXC), total nitrogen (TN), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) were significantly increased in rhizosphere soil compared with bare land (P < 0.05). Consequently, rhizosphere soil had favorable habitat condition for copiotrophic bacterial taxa (e.g., Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Bacteroidates), as well as high diversity, complex co-occurrence network, and catabolism related with nutrient cycling. The soil particle size of bare land was < 0.053 mm, while microaggregate (0.053-0.25 mm) and macroaggregate (0.25-2 mm) were formed in the rhizosphere and coupled with C accumulation and Fe removal. Soil aggregates were of great importance to soil fertility with more efficient bacterial network and biogeochemical cycles of nutrients. N-fixing Rhizobiales preferred to inhabit large soil particle and might primarily contribute to N accumulation. Generally, A. julibrissin was a suitable pioneer tree for mudflat reclamation projects, which effectively improved saline soil rhizosphere environment by reducing salinity, accumulating C and N, and promoting microbial community succession, as well as aggregate structure formation.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Bambusa stenoaurita (Bambusoideae).

Bambusa stenoaurita is an excellent sympodial bamboo species, which is cultivated for its shoots in some parts of China. Here, we sequenced and reported the complete chloroplast genome of B. stenoaurita for the first time. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of B. stenoaurita was generated by de novo assembly using whole-genome next-generation sequencing. The genome was 139,451 bp in total length, including a large single-copy region of 82,958 bp, a small single-copy region of 12,897 bp, a pair of invert repeats regions of 21,798 bp. The plastid genome contained 134 genes including 87 protein-coding genes, 39 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 23 chloroplast genomes demonstrates that B. stenoaurita is closely related to B. emeiensis in Bambusoideae.

Nutrient uptake and assimilation in fragrant rosewood (Dalbergia odorifera T.C. Chen) seedlings in growing media with un-composted spent mushroom residue.

The purpose of this study was to detect nutrient uptake and assimilation in woody plants subjected to growing media with some peat replaced by spent mushroom residue (SMR). Fragrant rosewood (Dalbergia odorifera T.C. Chen) seedlings were cultured in five types of growing media with SMR and peat in volumetric proportions of 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. With the increase of SMR proportion, ammonium- and nitrate-nitrogen (N) concentrations declined but available phosphorus (P) concentration and electrical conductance both increased. Seedlings in the full SMR substrates showed obvious mortality. Seedlings in substrates with SMR in proportions higher than 25% showed symptoms of excessive N and P toxicities. The utilization efficiency for P was highest in the 25% SMR growing-media. Mineral N in substrates had a positive relationship with growth and biomass but not with glutamine synthetase activity. Available P was negatively related with acid phosphatase activity in both leaves and roots. Un-composted SMR can replace 25% of peat in growing media for fragrant rosewood seedlings, benefitting P uptake and assimilation.

Systematic Analysis of Autophagy-Related Signature Uncovers Prognostic Predictor for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular protein degradation process, has been involved in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The present study aims to establish a novel, autophagy-related prognostic signature for prediction of AML prognosis. Differentially expressed autophagy-related genes in AML and healthy samples were screened using GSE1159. Univariate Cox regression analysis was applied to determine survival-associated autophagy-related genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) AML cohort. Lasso regression was performed to develop multiple-gene prognostic signatures. A novel six-gene signature (including CASP3, CHAF1B, KLHL24, OPTN, VEGFA, and VPS37C) DC was established for AML prognosis prediction. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients in the high-risk score group had poorer overall survival (OS). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated its good performance in survival prediction in TCGA AML cohort, and the area under the curve value was 0.817. Moreover, our signature could independently predict OS. A nomogram was constructed, including the six-gene signature and other clinical parameters, and predictive efficiency was confirmed using the ROC curve and calibration curve. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analyses identified several tumor-associated pathways that may contribute to explain the potential molecular mechanisms of our signature. Overall, we developed a new autophagy-associated gene signature and nomogram to predict OS of AML patients, which may help in clinical decision-making for AML treatment.

Bis{6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[ethane-1,2-diyl-bis(imino-methyl-ene)]diphenolato(1.5-)-κO,N,N',O'}erbium(III).

In the title compound, [Er(C(18)H(22.5)N(2)O(4))(2)], the Er atom is located on a twofold rotation axis and is eight-coordinated by four O atoms and four N atoms from two symmetry-related 6,6'-dimethoxy-2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diyldiiminodimethylene)diphenolate(1.5-) ligands. Due to disorder of one phenolate H atom with half-occupation, the overall charge of one tetradentate ligand is -1.5. The ligand molecules are stabilised by intramolecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and are linked into a chain parallel to the a axis by a C-H⋯O hydrogen bond. Neighbouring chains are connected by van der Waals forces, resulting in a three-dimensional network.

Bis{6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[ethane-1,2-diyl-bis(imino-methyl-ene)]diphenolato(1.5-)-κO,N,N',O'}praeseodymium(III).

The title compound, [Pr(C(18)H(22.5)N(2)O(4))(2)], is isotypic with its Er and Tb analogues. All interatomic distances, angles and the hydrogen bond geometry are very similar for the three structures..

Bis{6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[ethane-1,2-diyl-bis(imino-methyl-ene)]diphenolato(1.5-)-κO,N,N',O'}terbium(III).

The title compound, [Tb(C(18)H(22.5)N(2)O(4))(2)], is isotypic with its Pr and Tb analogues. All interatomic distances, angles and the hydrogen bond geometry are very similar for the three structures.

Di-µ-chlorido-bis-[chlorido(N,N'-dibenzyl-propane-1,2-diamine-κN,N')copper(II)].

In the title complex, [Cu(2)Cl(4)(C(17)H(22)N(2))(2)], the Cu(II) cation is coordinated by a N,N'-dibenzyl-propane-1,2-diamine ligand and two Cl(-) anions, and a Cl(-) anion from an adjacent mol-ecule further bridges to the Cu(II) cation in the apical position, with a longer Cu-Cl distance of 2.9858 (18) Å, forming a centrosymmetric dimeric complex in which each Cu(II) cation is in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. Intra-molecular N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding is observed in the dimeric complex.

Diaqua-bis(N,N'-dibenzyl-ethane-1,2-diamine-κN,N')nickel(II) dichloride N,N-dimethyl-formamide solvate.

The asymmetric unit of the title complex, [Ni(C(16)H(20)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]Cl(2)·C(3)H(7)NO, consists of two Ni(II) atoms, each lying on an inversion center, two Cl anions, two N,N'-dibenzyl-ethane-1,2-diamine ligands, two coordinated water mol-ecules and one N,N-dimethyl-formamide solvent mol-ecule. Each Ni(II) atom is six-coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry, with the equatorial plane formed by four N atoms and the axial positions occupied by two water mol-ecules. The complex mol-ecules are linked into a chain along [001] by N-H⋯Cl, N-H⋯O and O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. The C atoms and H atoms of the solvent mol-ecule are disordered over two sites in a ratio of 0.52 (2):0.48 (2).

Tetra-kis(µ-naphthalene-1-acetato-1:2κO:O')bis-(naphthalene-1-acetato)-1κO,O';2κO,O'-bis-(1,10-phenanthroline)-1κN,N';2κN,N'-europium(III)samarium(III).

In the title compound, [EuSm(C(12)H(9)O(2))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the metal site is statistically occupied (50:50) by Eu and Sm atoms, forming a centrosymmetric complex. The metal site is nine-coordinate, in a distorted monocapped square-anti-prismatic coordination geometry. Mol-ecules are linked into three chains by C-H⋯π interactions and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The combination of these chains generates a three-dimensional framework structure. One of the bridging naphthalene-1-ace-tate ligands was found to be disordered over two sites; the site occupancies for the naphthylmethyl group refined to 0.628 (14) and 0.372 (14).

Poly[(N,N-dimethyl-formamide-κO)tris-(µ-naphthalene-1-acetato)terbium(III)].

In title compound, [Tb(C(12)H(9)O(2))(3)(C(3)H(7)NO)](n), the Tb atom is nine-coordinated by nine O atoms from three naphthalene-1-acetate and one N,N-dimethyl-formamide ligands. The Tb atoms are linked by three bridging naphthalene-1-acetate ligands into a chain parallel to the b axis. Further stabilization of the structure is accomplished by non-classical C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π interactions.

The dinuclear copper(II) complexes di-mu-chlorido-bis{[N,N'-bis(4-chlorobenzyl)propane-1,2-diamine]chloridocopper(II)} and di-mu-chlorido-bis{[N,N'-bis(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)propane-1,2-diamine]chloridocopper(II)}.

The two title dinuclear copper(II) complexes, [Cu2Cl4(C17H20Cl2N2)2], (I), and [Cu2Cl4(C19H22N2O4)2], (II), have similar coordination environments. In each complex, the asymmetric unit consists of one half-molecule and the two copper centres are bridged by a pair of Cl atoms, resulting in complexes with centrosymmetric structures containing Cu(mu-Cl)2Cu parallelogram cores; the Cu...Cu separations and Cu-Cl-Cu angles are 3.4285 (8) A and 83.36 (3) degrees, respectively, for (I), and 3.565 (2) A and 84.39 (7) degrees for (II). Each Cu atom is five-coordinated and the coordination geometry around the Cu atom is best described as a distorted square-pyramid with a tau value of 0.155 (3) for (I) and 0.092 (7) for (II). The apical Cu-Cl bond length is 2.852 (1) A for (I) and 2.971 (2) A for (II). The basal Cu-Cl and Cu-N average bonds lengths are 2.2673 (9) and 2.030 (2) A, respectively, for (I), and 2.280 (2) and 2.038 (6) A for (II). The molecules of (I) are linked by one C-H...Cl hydrogen bond into a complex [10 1] sheet. The molecules of (II) are linked by one C-H...Cl and one N-H...O hydrogen bond into a complex [100] sheet.

[N,N'-Bis(4-chloro-benz-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine]dichloridozinc(II).

In the title complex, [ZnCl(2)(C(16)H(18)Cl(2)N(2))], the asymmetric unit contains one mol-ecule and two half-mol-ecules, which have similar geometric parameters; in the latter two molecules each Zn atom lies on a twofold rotation axis. The environment about each Zn(II) atom is distorted tetra-hedral with coordination of two terminal Cl atoms and two N atoms of the N,N'-bis-(4-chloro-benz-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine ligand. Four N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a chain of R(2) (2)(8) rings in the [001] direction.