Latest Progresses in Surgical Treatment of Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome / 中国医学科学院学报

Median arcuate ligament syndrome(MALS)is compression of the celiac trunk by the median arcuate ligament.Median arcuate ligament release is the corner stone for the surgical treatment of MALS.Open surgery,laparoscopic surgery,and robot-assisted surgery have been developed,among which laparoscopic surgery has been proposed as the preferred approach in view of its minimal trauma and short hospital stay.Auxiliary celiac plexus neurolysis could further alleviate the patient's discomfort.Moreover,vascular reconstitution is of vital importance in the case of persistent stenosis in the celiac artery despite of median arcuate ligament decompression.Vascular reconstruction has satisfactory long-term patency rate,while endovascular treatment is less invasive.This article aims to summarize the consensuses and advances and shed light on the surgical treatment of MALS.

[Effects of drip irrigation under mulching on cotton root and shoot biomass and yield].

By using bidirectional sampling method with soil drill, the effects of different amounts of drip irrigation (2618, 2947, 3600 and 4265 m3 x hm(-2)) under mulching on the root distribution, aboveground growth, and yield of cotton was studied in field. The results indicated that irrigation amount affected the root and shoot growth significantly. In all irrigation treatments, cotton root was mainly distributed in mulched area, occupying 60.65%-73.45% of total root biomass, while only 39.35%-26.55% was distributed in bare area. Water stress increased rooting depth, root biomass, and the extent of lateral rooting. Significant differences were observed in the biological characteristics and the biomass accumulation and allocation of cotton plant among different irrigation treatments. Over-irrigation (4265 m3 x hm(-2)) increased plant height, width of inverse fourth leaf, and amounts of branch and bud, and thus, accelerated biomass accumulation rate. Over-irrigation also increased the root/shoot ratio and the proportion of biomass allocated to vegetative organs, but increased the fruit abscission rate and therefore reduced the economic yield. It was suggested that both excessive soil moisture content and water stress could affect the biomass accumulation and allocation in different cotton organs and at various life stages. Under the conditions of our experiment, 3600 m3 x hm(-2) was the optimal irrigation amount.