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1.
Opt Lett ; 49(19): 5563-5566, 2024 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39353007

RESUMO

Metalenses, boasting outstanding focusing efficiency and high-resolution imaging capabilities, have generated widespread usage in fields such as integrated optics, achromatic imaging, and optical holography. In this study, we have developed a broadband achromatic metalens within the detection range from 3 to 5 µm, and it has a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.71 with a remarkable maximum focusing efficiency of 63.8% at the focal plane within the specified bandwidth. We have further delved into the dispersion control mechanism that combines the geometric and transmission phases and optimized the constructed phase response simulation database using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, ensuring a precise phase matching between the actual wavefront and the ideal focusing wavefront. This metalens with its ability to expand the array size has the potential to create a compact infrared imager, which holds significant importance in achieving efficient detection and integration within infrared detectors.

2.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) ; 29(9): 331, 2024 Sep 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39344325

RESUMO

Coenzyme A (CoA) is synthesized from pantothenate, L-cysteine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and plays a vital role in diverse physiological processes. Protein acylation is a common post-translational modification (PTM) that modifies protein structure, function and interactions. It occurs via the transfer of acyl groups from acyl-CoAs to various amino acids by acyltransferase. The characteristics and effects of acylation vary according to the origin, structure, and location of the acyl group. Acetyl-CoA, formyl-CoA, lactoyl-CoA, and malonyl-CoA are typical acyl group donors. The major acyl donor, acyl-CoA, enables modifications that impart distinct biological functions to both histone and non-histone proteins. These modifications are crucial for regulating gene expression, organizing chromatin, managing metabolism, and modulating the immune response. Moreover, CoA and acyl-CoA play significant roles in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and other health conditions. The goal of this review was to systematically describe the types of commonly utilized acyl-CoAs, their functions in protein PTM, and their roles in the progression of human diseases.


Assuntos
Acil Coenzima A , Coenzima A , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Humanos , Acil Coenzima A/metabolismo , Coenzima A/metabolismo , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/metabolismo , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/genética , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/genética , Acilação , Doenças Cardiovasculares/metabolismo , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Animais
3.
Int Emerg Nurs ; 77: 101510, 2024 Sep 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39243735

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Enhancing the emergency competencies of healthcare professionals is essential for ensuring patient safety, optimizing emergency response efficiency, and fostering effective team collaboration. However, traditional simulation-based methods often struggle to accurately replicate real-life emergencies, resulting in outcomes that may not fully reflect actual performance, thereby undermining their effectiveness in training and developing the critical skills needed for emergency situations. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effectiveness of using murder mystery games (MMGs) as a gamified learning method to enhance the emergency competencies of healthcare professionals. METHODS: Twelve scripts of emergency scenarios were developed for the MMGs, and five assessment scales were established, covering emergency response, scenario decision-making, team collaboration, emotional support, and human care. Questionnaire data were analyzed between the experimental and control groups using Chi-square tests for five dimensions and nineteen indicators of emergency competencies. RESULTS: The performance of the experimental group in emergency response and emotional support was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). The experimental group also showed notable excellence in scenario decision-making, team collaboration, and human care (P<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Emergency capabilities can be significantly enhanced through murder mystery games, providing robust support for improving the quality of medical services.

4.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol ; 14: 1430302, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39099883

RESUMO

Introduction: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common viral infection seen in newborns. The major route of transmission for acquired human cytomegalovirus infection is breast milk from mothers who are HCMV seropositive to the infants. Thus, a rapid, economical, and simple method to perform HCMV test in breast milk is crucial and necessary for preventing acquired HCMV infection, especially in underdeveloped regions with limited laboratory resources. Methods: In this study, an effective technique for the detection of HCMV was constructed by combining multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification (MIRA) and lateral flow chromatography strip (LFD). Primers for the conserved HCMV sequence UL83 were utilized for MIRA-LFD testing. Results: Our results showed that the entire MIRA reaction could be completed in 12 minutes at 37°C, and LFD outcomes could be observed visibly after 10 minutes. The detection sensitivity of this method reached 50 copy/µl. Samples of breast milk were examined to compare MIRA-LFD and conventional qPCR. The accuracy of MIRA-LFD was 100%. Discussion: The straightforward, rapid, economic features of the test can provide the significant advantages for the prevention of breast milk-acquired cytomegalovirus infection, particularly in resource-limited locations with high seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus.


Assuntos
Infecções por Citomegalovirus , Citomegalovirus , Leite Humano , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Humanos , Citomegalovirus/genética , Citomegalovirus/isolamento & purificação , Leite Humano/virologia , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/virologia , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Fatores de Tempo
5.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 7096, 2024 Aug 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39154092

RESUMO

The intratumor microbiome imbalance in pancreatic cancer promotes a tolerogenic immune response and triggers immunotherapy resistance. Here we show that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG probiotics, outfitted with a gallium-polyphenol network (LGG@Ga-poly), bolster immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer by modulating microbiota-immune interactions. Upon oral administration, LGG@Ga-poly targets pancreatic tumors specifically, and selectively eradicates tumor-promoting Proteobacteria and microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharides through a gallium-facilitated disruption of bacterial iron respiration. This elimination of intratumor microbiota impedes the activation of tumoral Toll-like receptors, thus reducing immunosuppressive PD-L1 and interleukin-1ß expression by tumor cells, diminishing immunotolerant myeloid populations, and improving the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in tumors. Moreover, LGG@Ga-poly hampers pancreatic tumor growth in both preventive and therapeutic contexts, and amplifies the antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in preclinical cancer models in female mice. Overall, we offer evidence that thoughtfully designed biomaterials targeting intratumor microbiota can efficaciously augment immunotherapy for the challenging pancreatic cancer.


Assuntos
Gálio , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus , Microbiota , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Polifenóis , Probióticos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/microbiologia , Animais , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Camundongos , Feminino , Humanos , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/imunologia , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Microbiota/imunologia , Microbiota/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Imunoterapia/métodos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Antígeno B7-H1/imunologia , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/imunologia
6.
Drug Resist Updat ; 77: 101142, 2024 Aug 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39214042

RESUMO

The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), particularly those carried on plasmids, poses a major risk to global health. However, the extent and frequency of ARGs transfer in microbial communities among human, animal, and environmental sectors is not well understood due to a lack of effective tracking tools. We have developed a novel fluorescent tracing tool, CRISPR-AMRtracker, to study ARG transfer. It combines CRISPR/Cas9 fluorescence tagging, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and microbial community analysis. CRISPR-AMRtracker integrates a fluorescent tag immediately downstream of ARGs, enabling the tracking of ARG transfer without compromising the host cell's antibiotic susceptibility, fitness, conjugation, and transposition. Notably, our experiments demonstrate that sfGFP-tagged plasmid-borne mcr-1 can transfer across diverse bacterial species within fecal samples. This innovative approach holds the potential to illuminate the dynamics of ARG dissemination and provide valuable insights to shape effective strategies in mitigating the escalating threat of antibiotic resistance.

7.
Heliyon ; 10(15): e35515, 2024 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39170356

RESUMO

Growth substrates are essential for aquaponic systems and play an important role in vegetable growth and water quality. In this study, we explored an innovative combination of coconut bran and coconut shell biochar (CSB) as a composite growth substrate for lettuce cultivation in aquaponic systems. The study included the control (100 % coconut bran as the growth substrate) and treatment groups (T1-T5; containing 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, and 50 % CSB as the growth substrate, respectively). The substrate properties; lettuce growth performance; and soil enzyme activity, nitrogen content, and abundance of microbial communities in the substrate were analyzed to determine the optimal substrate. Our findings indicated that CSB incorporation significantly altered the properties of the substrate, resulting in increased dry and bulk densities, pH, and water-holding capacity, and decreased electrical conductivity, water-absorption capacity, and porosity. Furthermore, the fresh weight of lettuce was notably increased in the treatment groups. The activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolase, urease, nitrate reductase, and hydroxylamine reductase initially increased and further decreased, reaching the maximum in the T3 group. Conversely, the activity of nitrite reductase and contents of available nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, and ammonium-nitrogen in the substrates initially decreased and further increased, with the minimum values observed in the T3 group. The microbial sequencing results indicated that CSB incorporation significantly increased the microbial diversity and relative abundance of microorganisms associated with nitrogen transformation. Moreover, 30 % CSB incorporation exhibited the greatest effect on lettuce growth, with a 34.5 % and 31.6 % increase in fresh weight compared to the control during the growth and harvest periods, respectively. This study indicated the enormous potential of biochar in the research and development of green technologies for substrate amendment in aquaponic systems.

8.
Adv Mater ; 36(36): e2405673, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39022876

RESUMO

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) often results in the production and accumulation of adenosine (ADO), a byproduct that negatively impacts the therapeutic effect as well as facilitates tumor development and metastasis. Here, an innovative strategy is elaborately developed to effectively activate ICD while avoiding the generation of immunosuppressive adenosine. Specifically, ZIF-90, an ATP-responsive consumer, is synthesized as the core carrier to encapsulate AB680 (CD73 inhibitor) and then coated with an iron-polyphenol layer to prepare the ICD inducer (AZTF), which is further grafted onto prebiotic bacteria via the esterification reaction to obtain the engineered biohybrid (Bc@AZTF). Particularly, the designed Bc@AZTF can actively enrich in tumor sites and respond to the acidic tumor microenvironment to offload AZTF nanoparticles, which can consume intracellular ATP (iATP) content and simultaneously inhibit the ATP-adenosine axis to reduce the accumulation of adenosine, thereby alleviating adenosine-mediated immunosuppression and strikingly amplifying ICD effect. Importantly, the synergy of anti-PD-1 (αPD-1) with Bc@AZTF not only establishes a collaborative antitumor immune network to potentiate effective tumoricidal immunity but also activates long-lasting immune memory effects to manage tumor recurrence and rechallenge, presenting a new paradigm for ICD treatment combined with adenosine metabolism.


Assuntos
Trifosfato de Adenosina , Adenosina , Morte Celular Imunogênica , Imunoterapia , Adenosina/química , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Morte Celular Imunogênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Microambiente Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/imunologia , Neoplasias/patologia , Nanopartículas/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química
9.
BMC Vet Res ; 20(1): 314, 2024 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39010064

RESUMO

Eimeria spp. are the pathogen that causes coccidiosis, a significant disease that affects intensively reared livestock, especially poultry. Anticoccidial feed additives, chemicals, and ionophores have routinely been employed to reduce Eimeria infections in broiler production. Therefore, the shift to antibiotic-free and organic farming necessitates novel coccidiosis preventive strategies. The present study evaluated the effects of potential feed additives, liver free and chitosan, against Eimeria tenella infection in White Leghorn broiler female chickens. One hundred sixty-five 1-day-old White Leghorn broiler female chicks were divided into 11 groups (15 female chicks per group), including the positive control group (G1), the negative control group (G2), a chitosan-treated group (G3), a chitosan-treated-infected group (G4), the liver free-treated group (G5), the liver free-treated-infected group (G6), the liver free-and-chitosan-treated group (G7), the liver free-and-chitosan-infected group (G8), the therapeutic liver free-and-chitosan-treated-infected group (G9), the sulfaquinoxaline-treated group (G10), and the sulfaquinoxaline-treated-infected group (G11). Chitosan was fed to the chicks in G3 and G4 as a preventative measure at a dose of 250 mg/kg. The G5 and G6 groups received 1.5 mg/kg of Liverfree. The G7 and G8 groups received chitosan and Liverfree. The G10 and G11 groups were administered 2 g/L of sulfaquinoxaline. From the moment the chicks arrived at Foshan University (one-day-old chicks) until the completion of the experiment, all medications were given to them as a preventative measure. G8 did; however, receive chitosan and liver free as therapeutic supplements at 7 dpi. The current study showed that the combination of liver free and chitosan can achieve better prophylactic and therapeutic effects than either alone. In E. tenella challenged chickens, G8 and G9 chickens showed reduced oocyst shedding and lesion score, improved growth performance (body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality rate), and cecal histology. The current study demonstrates that combining liver free and chitosan has superior preventive and therapeutic benefits than either alone, and they could also be used as alternative anticoccidial agents.


Assuntos
Ração Animal , Galinhas , Quitosana , Coccidiose , Coccidiostáticos , Eimeria tenella , Fígado , Doenças das Aves Domésticas , Animais , Quitosana/farmacologia , Quitosana/uso terapêutico , Coccidiose/veterinária , Coccidiose/tratamento farmacológico , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Coccidiose/prevenção & controle , Eimeria tenella/efeitos dos fármacos , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/parasitologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Coccidiostáticos/uso terapêutico , Coccidiostáticos/farmacologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/parasitologia
10.
Clin Lab ; 70(7)2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38965947

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Most of the autoantibodies that cause autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) are non-specific. Autoantibodies expressing alloantibody specificity are rare. METHODS: We present the case of a 4-year-old boy with no history of blood transfusion or underlying medical conditions who developed AIHA caused by autoantibody with mimicking anti-D and anti-C specificity. RESULTS: Following treatment with methylprednisolone sodium succinate and transfusion of red blood cells with negative antigens for D and C, along with administration of human immunoglobulin, the patient's condition gradually improved. He was ultimately discharged with a good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: This report highlights a rare case of AIHA characterized by autoantibody with mimicking anti-D and anti-C specificity. Treatments of these patients could be antigen-negative red blood cells, glucocorticoid and immunoglobulin.


Assuntos
Anemia Hemolítica Autoimune , Autoanticorpos , Humanos , Anemia Hemolítica Autoimune/imunologia , Anemia Hemolítica Autoimune/diagnóstico , Anemia Hemolítica Autoimune/sangue , Masculino , Autoanticorpos/sangue , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Pré-Escolar , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Hemissuccinato de Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico
11.
Mol Breed ; 44(7): 49, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39007057

RESUMO

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), is one of the most serious diseases worldwide. Developing blast-resistant rice varieties is an effective strategy to control the spread of rice blast and reduce the reliance on chemical pesticides. In this study, 477 sequenced rice germplasms from 48 countries were inoculated and assessed at the booting stage. We found that 23 germplasms exhibited high panicle blast resistance against M. oryzae. Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) identified 43 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) significantly associated (P < 1.0 × 10-4) with resistance to rice panicle blast. These QTL intervals encompass four genes (OsAKT1, OsRACK1A, Bsr-k1 and Pi25/Pid3) previously reported to contribute to rice blast resistance. We selected QTLs with -Log10 (P-value) greater than 6.0 or those detected in two-year replicates, amounting to 12 QTLs, for further candidate gene analysis. Three blast resistance candidate genes (Os06g0316800, Os06g0320000, Pi25/Pid3) were identified based on significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) distributions within annotated gene sequences across these 12 QTLs and the differential expression levels among blast-resistant varieties after 72 h of inoculation. Os06g0316800 encodes a glycine-rich protein, OsGrp6, an important component of plant cell walls involved in cellular stress responses and signaling. Os06g0320000 encodes a protein with unknown function (DUF953), part of the thioredoxin-like family, which is crucial for maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in vivo, named as OsTrxl1. Lastly, Pi25/Pid3 encodes a disease resistance protein, underscoring its potential importance in plant biology. By analyzing the haplotypes of these three genes, we identified favorable haplotypes for blast resistance, providing valuable genetic resources for future rice blast resistance breeding programs. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01486-5.

12.
Stem Cell Res Ther ; 15(1): 209, 2024 Jul 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39020442

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Facial infiltrating lipomatosis is characterized by excessive growth of adipose tissue. Its etiology is associated with somatic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) variants, but the specific mechanisms are not yet fully understood. METHODS: We collected facial adipose tissue from both FIL patients and non-FIL individuals, isolated the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and performed single-cell transcriptome sequencing on these samples. RESULTS: We mapped out the cellular landscape within the SVF, with a specific focus on a deeper analysis of fibro-adipogenic precursor cells (FAPs). Our analysis revealed that FAPs from FIL patients (FIL-FAPs) significantly overexpressed FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) compared to FAPs from individuals without FIL. Further experiments indicated that FKBP5 is regulated by the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. The overactivation of this pathway led to an increase in FKBP5 expression. In vitro experiments demonstrated that FKBP5 promoted adipogenic differentiation of FAPs, a process that could be hindered by FKBP5 knockdown or inhibition. Additionally, in vivo assessments confirmed FKBP5's role in adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: These insights into the pathogenesis of FIL underscore FKBP5 as a promising target for developing non-surgical interventions to manage the excessive adipose tissue growth in FIL.


Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo , Análise de Célula Única , Proteínas de Ligação a Tacrolimo , Humanos , Proteínas de Ligação a Tacrolimo/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a Tacrolimo/genética , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Análise de Célula Única/métodos , Lipomatose/metabolismo , Lipomatose/patologia , Lipomatose/genética , Face , Feminino , Adipogenia , Masculino , Animais , Camundongos , Transdução de Sinais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diferenciação Celular , Classe I de Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Classe I de Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética
13.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 277(Pt 1): 134008, 2024 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39032879

RESUMO

In this study, an active film composed of gallic acid (GA), chitosan (CS), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was prepared using a solution casting method and synergistic photodynamic inactivation (PDI) technology. Characterization of the film showed that the CS-CNC-GA composite film had high transparency and UV-blocking ability. The addition of GA (0.2 %-1.0 %) significantly enhanced the mechanical properties, water resistance, and thermal stability of the film. The tensile strength increased up to 46.30 MPa, and the lowest water vapor permeability was 1.16 × e-12 g/(cm·s·Pa). The PDI-treated CS-CNC-GA1.0 composite film exhibited significantly enhanced antibacterial activity, with inhibition zone diameters of 31.83 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 21.82 mm against Escherichia coli. The CS-CNC-GA composite film also showed good antioxidant activity. Additionally, the CS-CNC-GA1.0 composite film generated a large amount of singlet oxygen under UV-C light irradiation. It was found that using the CS-CNC-GA1.0 composite film for packaging and storage of oysters at 4 °C effectively delayed the increase in pH, total colony count, and lipid oxidation in oysters. In conclusion, the CS-CNC-GA composite film based on PDI technology has great potential for applications in the preservation of aquatic products.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Celulose , Quitosana , Ácido Gálico , Ácido Gálico/química , Ácido Gálico/farmacologia , Quitosana/química , Celulose/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Embalagem de Alimentos/métodos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas/química , Permeabilidade , Nanocompostos/química , Resistência à Tração , Raios Ultravioleta
14.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 49(11): 2940-2946, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39041153

RESUMO

The chemical constituents from Leucas ciliata belonging to Leucas genus in Lamiaceae were systematically explored by silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and preparative high performance liquid chromatography, and seventeen phenolic acids were isolated. The chemical structures of the compounds were identified by their physicochemical properties, spectroscopic data, and literature. They were 4-hydroxyphenethyl ethyl succinate(1), 4-hydroxyphenethyl methyl succinate(2), 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl acetate(3), p-hydroxyphenylethyl anisate(4), cassia cis-trans diphenylpropanoid(5), p-coumaric acid(6), 3,4-dihydroxybenzenepropionic acid methyl ester(7), caffeic acid(8), trans-p-hydroxyl ethyl cinnamate(9), methyl p-hydroxybenzeneacetate(10), 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol(11), syringic acid(12), vanillin(13), protocatechuic acid(14), salicylic acid(15), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(16), and diorcinol(17). Among them, compound 1 was new, and compounds 2-10, 12, 14, and 16-17 were isolated from the plants belonging to Leucas genus for the first time. All compounds were obtained from L. ciliata for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1-17 on NO production in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced mouse leukemia cells of monocyte macrophage(RAW264. 7) cells was evaluated. The results showed that compounds 5, 7, and 9 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, with IC50values of(10. 14±0. 36)-(21. 17±0. 11) µmol·L~(-1).


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios , Hidroxibenzoatos , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Hidroxibenzoatos/química , Hidroxibenzoatos/farmacologia , Animais , Camundongos , Células RAW 264.7 , Lamiaceae/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Óxido Nítrico , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos
16.
Int J Legal Med ; 2024 Jun 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38858273

RESUMO

Monozygotic (MZ) twins cannot be distinguished using conventional forensic STR typing because they present identical STR genotypings. However, MZ twins do not always live in the same environment and often have different dietary and other lifestyle habits. Metabolic profiles are deyermined by individual characteristics and are also influenced by the environment in which they live. Therefore, they are potential markers capable of identifying MZ twins. Moreover, the production of proteins varies from organism to organism and is influenced by both the physiological state of the body and the external environment. Hence, we used metabolomics and proteomics to identify metabolites and proteins in peripheral blood to discriminate MZ twins. We identified 1749 known metabolites and 622 proteins in proteomic analysis. The metabolic profiles of four pairs of MZ twins revealed minor differences in intra-MZ twins and major differences in inter-MZ twins. Each pair of MZ twins exhibited distinct characteristics, and four metabolites-methyl picolinate, acesulfame, paraxanthine, and phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid-were observed in all four MZ twin pairs. These four differential exogenous metabolites conincidently show that the different external environments and life styles can be well distinguished by metabolites, considering that twins do not all have the same eating habits and living environments. Moreover, MZ twins showed different protein profiles in serum but not in whole blood. Thus, our results indicate that differential metabolites provide potential biomarkers for the personal identification of MZ twins in forensic medicine.

17.
Tree Physiol ; 44(7)2024 Jul 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38943359

RESUMO

Stress tolerance in apple (Malus domestica) can be improved by grafting to a stress-tolerant rootstock, such as 'SH6' (Malus honanensis × M. domestica 'Ralls Genet'). However, the mechanisms of stress tolerance in this rootstock are unclear. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the transcription factor ZINC FINGER OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 10 is a key component of plant tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses and positively regulates antioxidant enzymes. However, how reactive oxygen species are eliminated upon activation of ZINC FINGER OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 10 in response to abiotic stress remains elusive. Here, we report that MhZAT10 in the rootstock SH6 directly activates the transcription of three genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE 1 (MhMSD1), ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE 3A (MhAPX3a) and CATALASE 1 (MhCAT1) by binding to their promoters. Heterologous expression in Arabidopsis protoplasts showed that MhMSD1, MhAPX3a and MhCAT1 localize in multiple subcellular compartments. Overexpressing MhMSD1, MhAPX3a or MhCAT1 in SH6 fruit calli resulted in higher superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities in their respective overexpressing calli than in those overexpressing MhZAT10. Notably, the calli overexpressing MhZAT10 exhibited better growth and lower reactive oxygen species levels under simulated osmotic stress. Apple SH6 plants overexpressing MhZAT10 in their roots via Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation also showed enhanced tolerance to osmotic stress, with higher leaf photosynthetic capacity, relative water content in roots and antioxidant enzyme activity, as well as less reactive oxygen species accumulation. Overall, our study demonstrates that the transcription factor MhZAT10 synergistically regulates the transcription of multiple antioxidant-related genes and elevates reactive oxygen species detoxification.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Malus , Proteínas de Plantas , Fatores de Transcrição , Malus/genética , Malus/metabolismo , Malus/fisiologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Raízes de Plantas/genética , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Ascorbato Peroxidases/metabolismo , Ascorbato Peroxidases/genética , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismo , Catalase/genética
18.
Phytochemistry ; 223: 114139, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38750707

RESUMO

Eleven undescribed isoquinoline alkaloids (1-8, 14, 15, and 24), along with 19 analogues (9-13, 16-23, and 25-30) were isolated from the barks of Alangium salviifolium. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated through the analysis of their HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV, and X-ray diffraction. The absolute configuration of 8 was established via the ECD calculation. Notably, compounds 1/2 and 3/4 were two pairs of C-14 epimers. The isolated alkaloids were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines, including SGC-7901, HeLa, K562, A549, BEL-7402, HepG2, and B16, ß-carboline-benzoquinolizidine (14-22) and cepheline-type (24-28) alkaloids exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.01 to 48.12 µM. Remarkably, compounds 17 and 21 demonstrated greater cytotoxicity than the positive control doxorubicin hydrochloride. Furthermore, a significant proportion of these bioactive alkaloids possess a C-1' epimer configuration. The exploration of their structure-activity relationship holds promise for directing future investigations into alkaloids derived from Alangium, potentially leading to novel insights and therapeutic advancements.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Isoquinolinas , Casca de Planta , Humanos , Alcaloides/química , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Alcaloides/isolamento & purificação , Casca de Planta/química , Isoquinolinas/química , Isoquinolinas/farmacologia , Isoquinolinas/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Alangiaceae/química , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga
19.
Comput Biol Med ; 177: 108593, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38801795

RESUMO

PURPOSES: To investigate the value of machine learning-based radiomics for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this multicentre study, 700 patients with IB2-IVA cervical cancer who underwent CCRT with ongoing follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. Three-dimensional radiomics features of primary lesions and its surrounding 5 mm region in T2WI sequences were collected. Six machine learning methods were used to construct the optimal radiomics model for accurate prediction of DFS and OS after CCRT in LACC patients. Eventually, TCGA and GEO databases were used to explore the mechanisms of radiomics in predicting the progression and survival of cervical cancer. This study adhered CLEAR for reporting and its quality was assessed using RQS and METRICS. RESULTS: In the prediction of DFS, the RSF model combined tumor and peritumor radiomics demonstrated the best predictive efficacy, with the AUC for predicting 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year DFS in the training, validation, and test sets of 0.986, 0.989, 0.990, and 0.884, 0.838, 0.823, and 0.829, 0.809, 0.841, respectively. In the prediction of OS, the GBM model best performer, with AUC of 0.999, 0.995, 0.978, and 0.981, 0.975, 0.837, and 0.904, 0.860, 0.905. Differential genes in TCGA and GEO suggest that the prediction of radiomics model may be associated with KDELR2 and HK2. CONCLUSION: Machine learning-based radiomics models help to predict DFS and OS after CCRT in LACC patients, and the combination of tumor and peritumor information has higher predictive efficacy, which can provide a reliable basis for therapeutic decision-making in cervical cancer patients.


Assuntos
Quimiorradioterapia , Aprendizado de Máquina , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/terapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Radiômica
20.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi ; 26(5): 450-455, 2024 May 15.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38802903

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence rate, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen, China. METHODS: Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital, the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022. The incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137, 1/6 060, and 1/7 704, respectively. Ischemic stroke accounted for 75% (27/36); boys accounted for 64% (23/36). Among the 36 neonates, 31 (86%) had disease onset within 3 days after birth, and 19 (53%) had convulsion as the initial presentation. Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates (61%) had left cerebral infarction and 13 (36%) had basal ganglia infarction. Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates, among whom 9 (75%) had involvement of the middle cerebral artery. Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates, with sharp waves in 21 neonates (72%) and seizures in 10 neonates (34%). Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals. Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates (33%, 12/36), with a mean score of (32±4) points. The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age, with 44% (12/27) of the neonates having a good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke, often with convulsions as the initial presentation, involvement of the middle cerebral artery, sharp waves on electroencephalography, and a relatively low neurodevelopment score. Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method, and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.


Assuntos
Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Feminino , China/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Prognóstico , Eletroencefalografia , Incidência , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
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