The evolution of surgical virtual education and telementoring: One surgeon's journey.

The first era of the global proliferation of surgical advancements involved surgical infection rate and technique breakthroughs by Lister, Halsted, and others. This was propagated by letters, academic papers, and international visits. While success was achieved, it was at a suboptimal pace. In the current era of minimally invasive surgical approaches, these methods are inadequate. This paper chronicles the development and application of virtual learning and telementoring as force multipliers to speed procedural adoption and proliferation.

Alfonso de la Peña Pineda y el Intercambio urológico por correspondencia / Alfonso de la Peña Pineda and the Urology exchange by correspondence

Introducción: Los hermanos Alfonso y Emilio de la Peña Pineda propusieron en 1943 crear un sistema de comunicación por correspondencia como en Norteamérica, idea bien aceptada por los urólogos españoles, y que llevó por título Intercambio urológico por correspondencia. Material y métodos: Lectura minuciosa y análisis pormenorizado del contenido de 1944 a 1953, con un promedio de 3 páginas tamaño folio de cada ejemplar. Resultado: Se enviaron 105 números que contienen 234 comunicaciones urológicas, firmadas por 67 urólogos españoles, 2 portugueses y un cirujano general, 39 son traducciones de la publicación similar norteamericana. La temática corresponde a casos personales curiosos o raros, sobre situaciones o problemas de la enfermedad urológica más habitual en la época, de los que únicamente destacan una veintena de artículos. En general el contenido es de poca utilidad e interés, motivo por el que decreció paulatinamente la colasiiboración hasta desaparecer. Conclusión: La propuesta fue respondida mayoritariamente por quienes mantenían relación con la cátedra de Urología de la Facultad de Medicina de Madrid, dirigida por Alfonso de la Peña. La temática cifrada en casos clínicos personales, faltos de interés en su mayoría, llevó a disminuir paulatinamente la aportación de comunicaciones hasta su cese. Sobresalen únicamente unos pocos artículos. El mayor valor del trabajo lo constituye recoger y analizar el contenido de la que sea muy probablemente la única colección completa existente, ya que al no ser editada por imprenta y ser su distribución solo como correspondencia no se ha encontrado en las bibliotecas públicas

Introduction: In 1943, the brothers Alfonso and Emilio de la Peña Pineda proposed creating a communication system by correspondence as in North America, an idea welcomed by Spanish urologists, a system that was named the Urology Exchange by Correspondence. Material and methods: A thorough reading and detailed analysis was conducted of content from 1944 to 1953, with an average of 3 pages of folio size of each copy. Result: A total of 105 issues containing 234 urological presentations were sent, signed by 67 Spanish urologists, 2 Portuguese urologists and 1 general surgeon. Thirty-nine of these presentations were translations of a similar U.S. publication. The subject matter corresponded to curious or rare personal cases, concerning conditions or problems of the most common urological diseases in that era, of which only 20 of those articles stand out. In general, the content is of little use and interest, which prompted the gradual decline in the collaboration until it disappeared. Conclusion: The proposal was answered mostly by those who had a professional relationship with the chair of Urology of the Faculty of Medicine of Madrid directed by Alfonso de la Peña. The subject matter of the personal case studies, most of which lacked importance, lead to the gradual decline in the contribution of presentations until its eventual end. Only a few articles stand out. The study's major value consists of collecting and analysing the content of what is highly likely the only complete collection in existence, given that it was not edited for printing and was distributed only as correspondence and cannot therefore be found in public libraries

La tecnología en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las ciencias médicas / Technology in the teaching-learning process of medical sciences

El desafío planteado en este tema, abarca diferentes puntos de vista, por un lado, involucra a la historia de la medicina y por otro, concierne todo lo relacionado con la enseñanza de esta ciencia. Al referirnos a la historia de la medicina, debemos remontarnos a la humanidad en diferentes culturas y civilizaciones, donde observamos rastros de pacientes, con probables patologías traumáticas, infecciosas y hasta signos de procedimientos quirúrgicos, realizados hace más de cinco mil años. En ese momento, es muy probable, que aquellos tratamientos que hayan tenido buenos resultados, basados en rezos, uso de plantas medicinales, sacrificios, hayan sido transmitidos a las siguientes generaciones, como modelos terapéuticos, dando origen a la enseñanza de la medicina personalizada, centrada en el análisis y resolución del problema.

Reseña histórica de la educación a distancia en Cuba y el mundo / Brief history of distance education in Cuba and the world

La educación a distancia se ha convertido en los últimostiempos en una práctica educativa de gran utilidad, debido a la dinámica del mundo actual, al desarrolloalcanzado por las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, así como a la necesidad de alcanzar lacalidad en la educación, salvando distancias y favoreciendo el crecimiento y madurez personal e intelectual de un número cada vez mayor de personasde todos los géneros y latitudes. El presente trabajo tiene como propósito realizar una reseña histórica deesta modalidad educativa en Cuba y el mundo, desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad, para lo cual se efectuóuna revisión bibliográfica que abarcó diferentes países de Europa, Asia, África, América y Cuba, de manera quesirva de ayuda a todos los estudiosos del tema(AU)

Distance education has recently become a very useful educational practice due to the dynamics of today's world, the advances in the Information and Communication Technologies, as well as the need to achieve quality education overcoming distances and promoting personal growth and intellectual maturity of a growing number of people of all genres and latitudes. This paper aims to conduct a historical review of this type of education in Cuba and the world, from its origins to present times, for which a literature review was conducted covering different countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, America and Cuba, so that it can help all those who study this subject(AU)

The development of the Community-based Nurse-midwifery Education Program: An innovation in distance learning.

Since the inception of nurse-midwifery education 80 years ago, educators have looked for ways in which to educate enough nurse-midwives. The application of distance learning to nurse-midwifery education expanded opportunities for a greater number of students to have access to an education in nurse midwifery. The story of the Community-based Nurse-midwifery Education Program is presented as an exemplar.

How one could once become a registered nurse in the United States without going to a hospital training school.

Distant learning in nursing is both a new and old concept. This paper examines an early example of correspondence schools in nursing, namely the Chautauqua School which over the course of its existence enrolled over 20,000 students. Its closing was due in large part to the opposition of organized nursing which had become institutionalized in the hospital training school. It was not until the 1990's when license recertification was required that long distant nursing again assumed importance.

La educación a distancia / Distance education

La demanda de información sobre el proceso de catalogación es una necesidad permanente entre los bibliotecarios de la red del Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba, tanto para el desarrollo de las funciones tradicionales de las instituciones como para enfrentarse a los nuevos retos, inherentes al web. Con el objetivo de proporcionar una versión de la sección dedicada a la catalogación en el Manual de Procedimientos concebido para la Biblioteca Médica Nacional, se realiza una descripción detallada del procedimiento documentado para este proceso según la familia de las Normas ISO-9000. El conocimiento de estas técnicas es un imperativo para el desarrollo de los sistemas de información en las condiciones actuales. Su vigencia se renueva hoy, a partir de la generalización del uso de los metadatos en Internet(AU)

La educación a distancia / Distance education

La demanda de información sobre el proceso de catalogación es una necesidad permanente entre los bibliotecarios de la red del Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba, tanto para el desarrollo de las funciones tradicionales de las instituciones como para enfrentarse a los nuevos retos, inherentes al web. Con el objetivo de proporcionar una versión de la sección dedicada a la catalogación en el Manual de Procedimientos concebido para la Biblioteca Médica Nacional, se realiza una descripción detallada del procedimiento documentado para este proceso según la familia de las Normas ISO-9000. El conocimiento de estas técnicas es un imperativo para el desarrollo de los sistemas de información en las condiciones actuales. Su vigencia se renueva hoy, a partir de la generalización del uso de los metadatos en Internet

POTS, PANS, and PEARLs: the nursing profession's rich history with distance education for a new century of nursing.

BACKGROUND: Continuing education via distance education is expanding. A review of the media used to deliver classes in the past as well as future possibilities are presented. METHOD: The personal experience of the authors using these methods to present continuing nursing education is the basis for this article. RESULTS: There is evidence that people learn via distance education as well as they do with traditional formats such as conferences and seminars. Although learners are enrolling in these types of courses for convenience, they enjoy the classes more when there is active involvement and participation. CONCLUSIONS: Continuing education using distance education strategies will expand, especially because computers are available in the homes of learners. A larger number of offerings will be available, and more learners will use these media to remain current professionally.

Telemedicine activities at memorial University of Newfoundland: a historical review, 1975-1997.

Memorial University of Newfoundland has been continuously involved in telemedicine activities since 1975. Unlike most early telemedicine programs, which did not continue after grant funding ended, Memorial made the transition to create a self-sufficient Telemedicine Centre. Key to its success was the vision and drive of its founder, Dr. Max House, and adherence to the following principles: (1) all activities were based on a legitimate need; (2) the simplest, least expensive technology was used to meet the need; (3) the network was shared by a variety of users; and (4) users were given proper training and support. Over the years, Memorial has been involved in 30 telemedicine projects, many of which became ongoing services. Although most initial activity was health related, educational activities have played an increasingly important role. In 1997, the Telemedicine Centre delivered approximately 7000 hours of programming and administered a network of 247 dedicated audioconference sites in 161 communities (168 of the sites had telewriter workstations and 75 had multimedia workstations) and eight videoconferencing sites. Approximately 70% of all programming was distant high school and university education, 20% health education, 5% clinical activities, and 5% other uses. Current clinical activities include tele-electroencephalograms, tele-ultrasonography, tele-nuclear medicine, child telepsychiatry, general teleconsultation from a remote nursing station, and general teleconsultation from an offshore oil platform. Lessons learned from more than 20 years of telemedicine experience are presented.