RESUMO
Reactive dyes used in the textile industry can be harmful to aquatic organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the potential cyto/genotoxic effects of the Novacron® Bold Deep Navy reactive dye on fish Astyanax lacustris before and after treatment through a vertical flow constructed wetland system (VFCW). Micronucleus test (MN), cellular morphological changes (CMC), and the comet assay were used to assess the effects of the dye in erythrocytes. During the experiment, A. lacustris specimens were exposed to sublethal concentrations (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L) of Novacron® Bold Deep Navy dye for 96 h. Results showed that the dye caused MN formation (27), DNA damage, and several types of CMC (3513) in all tested concentrations on A. lacustris. Notably, analyses were significant (p < 0.05) for all concentrations, except in the frequency mean of DNA damage at 10 mg/L. The bioremediation of the dye carried out by the VFCW system proved to be efficient, as confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and physicochemical analysis. Thus, the Novacron® Bold Deep Navy dye poses a potential risk of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity for aquatic organisms, and the VFCW system proved to be efficient in treating the dye.
Assuntos
Corantes , Dano ao DNA , Testes para Micronúcleos , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Áreas Alagadas , Animais , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Corantes/toxicidade , Ensaio Cometa , CaraciformesRESUMO
The use of agro-industrial wastes as biosorbents is a promising alternative for sustainable, economical and effective adsorption. However, few studies evaluate the use of Brazilian agro-industrial waste as biosorbents without physicochemical pre-treatment. This study explored the potential of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and rice husk waste (RHW) as low-cost biosorbents for yellow tartrazine dye removal. Characterization of the materials were carried out using ATR-FTIR, SEM, pHPZC and lignocellulosic composition. Cellulose and hemicellulose were the major constituents of both materials. By the Box-Behnken experimental design, the response surfaces indicated maximum removal of 60.1% for SCB and 83.1% for RHW. While the qmax of SCB and RHW for tartrazine were relatively low at 2.45 ± 0.03 mg g-1 and 3.55 ± 0.02 mg g-1, respectively, the potential for achieving higher dye removals by increasing the adsorbent dosage in large-scale applications warrants further investigation. For both biosorbents, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Brouers-Sotolongo isotherm provided the best fit for the data, and the adsorption processes were spontaneous and exothermic. In conclusion, SCB and RHW demonstrated high tartrazine removal, promoting sustainable agro-industrial waste management.
Assuntos
Celulose , Corantes , Resíduos Industriais , Oryza , Saccharum , Tartrazina , Tartrazina/química , Saccharum/química , Resíduos Industriais/análise , Adsorção , Celulose/química , Oryza/química , Cinética , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , AgriculturaRESUMO
The efficient inhibition of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) by the broad-spectrum herbicide glyphosate validates the shikimate pathway as a promising target for developing antimicrobial, fungicidal and herbicidal agents. The last enzyme of this pathway, chorismate synthase (CS), catalyses an unusual reaction, making it an attractive target for novel inhibitors. Therefore, we tested a series of azo-dyes for their inhibitory potential against CS from the pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (PbCS) and identified the azo-dye PH011669 that exhibits a dissociation (Kd) and 50% inhibitory constant (IC50) of 1.1 ± 0.1 and 10 ± 1 µM, respectively. Molecular docking and MD simulations provided insight into the mode of inhibition, showing that PH011669 binds to the enzyme's active site primarily through electrostatic interactions. Thus, our study is the first to integrate structural and computational methods to guide future efforts towards designing the next generation of CS inhibitors.
Assuntos
Compostos Azo , Inibidores Enzimáticos , Paracoccidioides , Paracoccidioides/enzimologia , Paracoccidioides/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/síntese química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Estrutura Molecular , Compostos Azo/farmacologia , Compostos Azo/química , Compostos Azo/síntese química , Fósforo-Oxigênio Liases/antagonistas & inibidores , Fósforo-Oxigênio Liases/metabolismo , Fósforo-Oxigênio Liases/química , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Corantes/farmacologia , Corantes/química , Simulação de Dinâmica MolecularRESUMO
This work investigated the operational and microbiological aspects of the decolorization of the azo dye Reactive Black 5 in acidogenic reactors followed by aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors, evaluating the effect of the acidogenic hydraulic retention time (HRT) (3, 2, and 1 h), effluent recirculation in the AGS reactor (50 mL min-1), dye concentration (50 and 100 mg L-1), and the redox mediator sodium anthraquinone-2-disulfonate (AQS) (50 µM). The acidogenic reactors were mainly responsible for the dye decolorization, with AQS significantly improving its efficiency and enabling the use of a shorter HRT (2 h). The recirculation effect was not so evident, probably masked by the adaptation of the acidogenic microbiota. Increasing the dye concentration did not affect the total decolorization, but reduced nitrogen removal in the AGS reactors. Furthermore, the dye and its byproducts may have negatively affected the long-term AGS stability. While the acidogenic microbiota maintained its diversity, the AGS tended to become more specialist. However, in both, some abundant genera that may have acted in reducing the dye were found, such as Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Raoutella in the acidogenic sludge and Dechloromonas and Defluviicoccus in the AGS.
Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos , Esgotos , Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Esgotos/microbiologia , Corantes/metabolismo , Cor , Naftalenossulfonatos/metabolismo , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Compostos Azo/metabolismoRESUMO
The textile mill is one of the most water-consuming industries. Wastewater production is very high, and among the main generated pollutants are dyes. In particular, jeans finishing, which is performed all over the world, generates wastewater with indigo dye that has to be eliminated before discharge. This work studies the biological treatment of this type of wastewater using native microorganisms, i.e., without the need for external seed sludge to start-up the process. Two strategies for starting up the biological treatment using laboratory sequencing batch reactors have been compared: the addition of seed sludge from a biological reactor of a wastewater treatment plant and the non-addition of seed sludge, which means that native microorganisms (those in wastewater coming from the industry facilities) are responsible for COD and color degradation. Special attention is paid to biomass shift in both reactors, analyzing both bacterial and fungal populations. Results yielded more than 90% of COD and color removal after 25 days in both reactors. MLSS increased in both reactors during the operation, reaching very similar values (around 1840 mg/L). Rozellomycota was the predominant phylum in the reactors. Concerning bacteria, Planctomycetota abundance increased considerably in both reactors, which shows the important role of these bacteria in the treatment. It can be concluded that the lower bacterial diversity in the native population in comparison with the seeded sludge was shifting to a higher microbial diversity during the process, achieving a similar microbial population in reactors. It implies that it is not necessary to either work with isolated cultures or seeded sludge, which leads to a simpler and more sustainable solution for textile wastewater treatment in areas all over the world.
Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Corantes , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Águas Residuárias , Corantes/metabolismo , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Reatores Biológicos , Indústria Têxtil , Bactérias/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo , EsgotosRESUMO
Considering the growing interest for safer, environmentally friendly and healthier products, the search for natural colorants to replace their synthetic has been raised. This is particularly challenging for the rare and usually unstable bluish coloring substances. This comprehensive review describes several bluish pigments which can be obtained from natural sources (plants and mostly microorganisms), covering less known molecules to well established compounds (although no focus is given for anthocyanins). Key information about each compound, including sources, extraction procedures, properties, and potential applications, are presented. Despite many studies on these molecules, toxicological and stability studies are still lacking for many of them. Therefore, this text also discusses the regulatory requirements for approving new coloring substances. Given the increasing robustness of scientific data supporting the biological activities attributed to many of these pigments, it is possible to envisage that some of them may be commercially available for industrial applications in different fields, not only in traditional food or cosmetic uses but in pharmaceutical formulations as well.
Assuntos
Pigmentos Biológicos , Antocianinas/análise , Corantes de Alimentos/química , Corantes/químicaRESUMO
In the pursuit of advancing sustainable wastewater treatment solutions in the industry, this study investigates the effect of chemical and thermal modifications on adsorbent geopolymer (GP) structure. Optimal conditions of sulfuric acid treatment and calcination temperature were determined to enhance the adsorption of the direct red dye 28 (DR28). Functional groups (FTIR), mineralogical composition (DRX), morphology (SEM-EDS), and physical properties (BET/BJH) were employed to study the effect of attack with H2SO4 and calcination on GP characteristics. The modified GP exhibited a high specific area (190 m2 g-1). Adsorption tests indicated that the Elovich model satisfactorily describes the kinetics, while the Sips model represents the isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity achieved was 107.5 mg g-1. Remarkably, the adsorption capacity was doubled with GP regeneration, allowing reuse for three cycles. Furthermore, the selectivity profile uncovers a pronounced affinity hierarchy for dyes, with direct dyes manifesting a superior attraction, followed by acid, reactive, and disperse dye categories. Analyzing the efficiency of GPAT and comparing it with other GPs, it is evident that GPAT is an efficient and versatile adsorbent, featuring a simplified production process and requiring milder temperatures than those needed for activated carbon. Additionally, the cost-benefit analysis highlights geopolymers as a more economical and efficient alternative compared to conventional adsorbents.
Assuntos
Corantes , Polímeros , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Corantes/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Adsorção , Polímeros/química , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Cinética , Águas Residuárias/química , TemperaturaRESUMO
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a nontoxic, fluorescent iodide dye with rapid hepatic clearance that has been used in medical applications since the mid-1950s. In abdominal surgery, ICG can be used to identify anatomical structures such as the biliary tract, urinary tract, blood vessels, tissue perfusion on different organs, or anastomosis in the digestive system. The application of ICG during bariatric surgery may be useful in primary and revisional procedures at different steps of the surgery. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of indocyanine green during the SADI-S procedure and to highlight the key aspects of this procedure. We present a case series of 22 patients with morbid obesity who underwent a multidisciplinary evaluation and were selected for the SADI-S procedure via a laparoscopic approach. The ICG dose and timing were as recommended in the International Society for Fluorescence Guided Surgery guidelines. For arteriography, 3 ml (7.5 mg) was used, and the detection time was 30-60 s after intravenous administration. For visualization of the common bile duct, we used 1 ml (2.5 mg) applied intravenously at least 45 min before the procedure. For the leak test, a dilution of 1 ml (2.5 mg) of ICG + 5 ml of methylene blue in 100 cc of sterile water, which was prepared just before the test, was used, and the mixture was passed through an orogastric tube. We expose the surgical steps in which ICG can improve outcomes or prevent complications when performing the SADI-S procedure. Key Points ⢠The role of ICG during SADI-S is described. ⢠The step-by-step results of ICG during the SADI-S procedure are highlighted. ⢠ICG was shown to be safe and useful during bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients.
Assuntos
Verde de Indocianina , Laparoscopia , Obesidade Mórbida , Humanos , Verde de Indocianina/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Laparoscopia/métodos , Corantes/administração & dosagem , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodosRESUMO
The use of marine microorganisms in the treatment of dyes and textile effluents is promising in view of their tolerance to salinity, a characteristic found in this kind of effluent. In this study, different culture conditions were applied to evaluate the decolorization, degradation, and detoxification of Sulphur Indigo Blue (SIB) by the marine-derived basidiomycete Paramarasmius palmivorus CBMAI 1062. Low salt concentration (SLS) and high salt concentration (SMASHS) media were used. P. palmivorus decolorized 100 % and 91.38 % of SIB after 120 h of growth in the SLS medium and after 168 h of growth in the SMASHS medium, respectively. Laccase activity was detected only in the SLS bioassay. UV-Vis, FT-IR, and GC-MS analyses indicated the occurrence of dye biosorption and biotransformation. In the SLS medium metabolites associated with SIB biotransformation (e.g. aldehyde, alkanes, and phenols) were detected. The toxicity measured by Cucumis sativus decreased from 45.41 % to 24.11 % in the SLS bioassay, while in SMASHS medium there was no change in toxicity. The efficiency for decolorization and detoxification of SIB indicates that microorganisms from the marine environment can be a source for biotechnological application in bioremediation processes carried out under saline conditions, adding value to blue biotechnology.
Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Corantes/metabolismo , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Índigo Carmim/metabolismo , Basidiomycota/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de FourierRESUMO
Industrial effluents, especially those containing dyes, have become the main cause of contamination of water resources. In this context, Brazilian bentonite/MgO composites, with excellent adsorptive properties, were prepared and investigated for their effectiveness in removing cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions. The new adsorbents were obtained using Brazilian bentonites and MgO using the mechanochemical method followed by heat treatment (at 700 °C for 4 h). Different characterization techniques were used for the chemical, mineralogical, thermal, surface, and morphological analysis of the raw clays and the composites. The experimental adsorption isotherms were quantified under different conditions of initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, and temperature variation to interpret the adsorption mechanism of the crystal violet (CV) and Congo red (CR) dyes. The modeling results were obtained from the empirical Sips equation and Pseudo Second Order (PSO) kinetics, indicating that the adsorption of molecules is a heterogeneous phenomenon that occurs in a monolayer on the surface (ns > 1), with the adsorption rate determined by chemisorption. The composites showed the best removal efficiency performance compared to the raw bentonites, with an increase of 12% for the CV dye and 46% for the CR dye. In addition, the qmax values obtained were 423.02 mg/g and 479.86 mg/g (AM01). This research underscores the potential of Brazilian bentonite/MgO composites as a promising solution for the removal of cationic and anionic dyes from water, offering hope for future applications in the field of environmental engineering and materials science.
Assuntos
Bentonita , Corantes , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Bentonita/química , Adsorção , Corantes/química , Brasil , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Óxido de Magnésio/química , Cinética , Cátions , ÂnionsRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Azo pigments are widely used in the textile and leather industry, and they generate diverse contaminants (mainly in wastewater effluents) that affect biological systems, the rhizosphere community, and the natural activities of certain species. METHODS: This review was performed according to the Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. RESULTS: In the last decade, the use of Streptomyces species as biological azo-degraders has increased, and these bacteria are mainly isolated from mangroves, dye-contaminated soil, and marine sediments. Azo pigments such as acid orange, indigo carmine, Congo red, and Evans blue are the most studied compounds for degradation, and Streptomyces produces extracellular enzymes such as peroxidase, laccase, and azo reductase. These enzymes cleave the molecule through asymmetric cleavage, followed by oxidative cleavage, desulfonation, deamination, and demethylation. Typically, some lignin-derived and phenolic compounds are used as mediators to improve enzyme activity. The degradation process generates diverse compounds, the majority of which are toxic to human cells and, in some cases, can improve the germination process in some horticulture plants. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should include analytical methods to detect all of the molecules that are generated in degradation processes to determine the involved reactions. Moreover, future studies should delve into consortium studies to improve degradation efficiency and observe the relationship between microorganisms to generate scale-up biotechnological applications in the wastewater treatment industry.
Assuntos
Compostos Azo , Biodegradação Ambiental , Streptomyces , Compostos Azo/metabolismo , Compostos Azo/química , Corantes/metabolismo , Corantes/química , Streptomyces/metabolismoRESUMO
Orange II, an azo dye used in textile and leather industries, is toxic and contributes to reducing dissolved oxygen in water. In this sense, agri-food waste adsorbents offer efficient, cost-effective dye removal. In this study, potato surpluses were evaluated as adsorbents for the removal of Orange II at 22 °C and pH values between 4 and 9. The adsorbents were characterized by their morphology, elemental composition, infrared spectra, and point of zero charge. Adsorption isotherms were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich models, revealing that the Langmuir equation (0.933 < r2 > 0.882) better described the adsorption process compared to the Freundlich model (0.909 < r2 > 0.852). The maximum adsorption capacity at pH 4 was 1.1 and 2.3 times higher than at pH 7 and 9, respectively. This increased capacity at pH 4 was due to favourable electrostatic interactions between the cationic adsorbent surface and the anionic dye. A kinetic model was developed to understand the adsorption dynamics of Orange II, demonstrating high accuracy with coefficients of determination (r2) exceeding 0.99 across various pH values. The predictions of the kinetic model aligned well with the Langmuir isotherm results, indicating a strong theoretical foundation. The critical contact time required to achieve the minimum adsorbent concentration necessary for meeting a discharge limit of 14.7 mg L-1 was determined using both the Langmuir and kinetic models. Simulation profiles showed that when the adsorbent concentration was increased from 12 to 40 g L-1, the contact time necessary to achieve the discharge limit decreased from 26 to 3.35 h, highlighting the trade-off between contact time and cost. This study offers a cost-effective solution for wastewater treatment and presents a robust model for optimizing batch adsorption processes, marking a significant advancement in using potato surpluses for dye removal.
Assuntos
Compostos Azo , Benzenossulfonatos , Solanum tuberosum , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Purificação da Água , Solanum tuberosum/química , Compostos Azo/química , Adsorção , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Cinética , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Benzenossulfonatos/química , Purificação da Água/métodos , Corantes/químicaRESUMO
In vitro plant cultures are able to remove and metabolise xenobiotics, making them promising tools for decontamination strategies. In this work, we evaluated Brassica napus hairy roots (HRs) to tolerate and remove high concentrations of the azo dye Naphthol Blue-Black (NBB). Experiments were performed using both growing and resting culture systems at different pHs. Reuse of HRs biomass was evaluated in successive decolourisation cycles. Proteomics was applied to understand the molecular responses likely to be involved in the tolerance and removal of NBB. The HRs tolerated up to 480 µg mL-1 NBB, and 100 % removal was achieved at 180 µg mL-1 NBB after 10 days using both culture systems. Interestingly, the HRs are robust enough to be reused, showing 55-60 % removal even after three reuse cycles. The highest dye removal rates were achieved during the first 2 days of incubation, as initial removal is mainly driven by passive processes. Active mechanisms are triggered later by regulating the expression of proteins with different biological functions, mainly those related to xenobiotic metabolism, such as hydrolytic and redox enzymes. These results suggest that B. napus HRs are a robust tool that could make a significant contribution to textile wastewater treatment.
Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Brassica napus , Raízes de Plantas , Proteômica , Brassica napus/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Corantes/metabolismo , Corantes/química , Compostos Azo/metabolismo , Compostos Azo/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismoRESUMO
SUMMARY: Our team has modified Sihler's intramuscular nerve staining method to allow for calculation of nerve density. Therefore, this study aimed to show the overall distribution pattern of the thoracic cutaneous nerves to provide a morphological basis for selecting and matching sensory reconstruction during skin flap transplantation. Twelve Chinese adult cadavers were dissected; the thoracic skin was removed, and the modified Sihler's staining method was performed. Centered around the nipple, the chest skin was divided into four regions: medial-superior, lateral-superior, lateral-inferior, and medial-inferior. The thoracic skin was not only innervated by the branches of the 1st to 7th intercostal and supraclavicular nerves, but also by a small number of nerves that directly reached the skin and passed through the pectoralis major muscle. There is a phenomenon of cross overlap between the branches of adjacent intercostal nerves. The branches of the 2nd to 7th intercostal nerves were distributed in the breast, and the branches of the lateral and anterior cutaneous branches were densely distributed around the nipple, forming a grid-like anastomosis. There was no cross-overlapping innervation between the anterior cutaneous branches on both sides. The density of nerve distribution in the four regions of the chest was in the order of the medial-superior, lateral-superior, lateral-inferior and medial-inferior region, respectively. These results may be used to map sensory regions when designing thoracic skin flaps for reconstruction surgery to obtain improved sensory recovery.
Nuestro equipo ha modificado el método de tinción nerviosa intramuscular de Sihler para permitir el cálculo de la densidad nerviosa. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo mostrar el patrón de distribución general de los nervios cutáneos torácicos proporcionando una base morfológica para seleccionar y combinar la reconstrucción sensorial durante el trasplante de colgajo de piel. Se diseccionaron 12 cadáveres de individuos adultos chinos. Se eliminó la piel torácica y se realizó el método de tinción de Sihler modificado, centrada alrededor del pezón, la piel del pecho se dividió en cuatro regiones: medial- superior, lateral-superior, lateral-inferior y medial-inferior. La piel torácica no solo estaba inervada por los ramos de los nervios intercostal y supraclavicular 1º a 7º, sino también por un pequeño número de nervios que llegaban directamente a la piel y pasaban a través del músculo pectoral mayor. Existe un fenómeno de superposición cruzada entre los ramos de los nervios intercostales adyacentes. Los ramos de los nervios intercostales 2º a 7º se distribuyeron en la mama, y los ramos de los ramos cutáneos lateral y anterior se distribuyeron densamente alrededor del pezón, formando una anastomosis en forma de rejilla. No hubo inervación cruzada entre los ramos cutáneos anteriores en ambos lados. La densidad de la distribución nerviosa en las cuatro regiones del tórax estaba en el orden de región medial-superior, lateral-superior, lateral-inferior y medial-inferior, respectivamente. Estos resultados pueden ser útiles para mapear regiones sensoriales al diseñar colgajos de piel torácicos para utilizarlos en cirugía de reconstrucción y obtener así una mejor recuperación sensorial.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Pele/inervação , Coloração e Rotulagem , Tórax/inervação , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/inervação , Cadáver , CorantesRESUMO
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of sodium lignosulfonate (LS) as a dye adsorbent in the removal of methylene blue (MB) from water by polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration. Various parameters were evaluated, such as membrane molecular weight cut-off, pH, LS dose, MB concentration, applied pressure, and the effect of interfering ions. The results showed that the use of LS generated a significant increase in MB removal, reaching an elimination of up to 98.0 % with 50.0 mg LS and 100 mg L-1 MB. The maximum MB removal capacity was 21 g g-1 using the enrichment method. In addition, LS was reusable for up to four consecutive cycles of dye removal-elution. The removal test in a simulated liquid industrial waste from the textile industry was also effective, with a MB removal of 97.2 %. These findings indicate that LS is highly effective in removing high concentrations of MB dye, suggesting new prospects for its application in water treatment processes.
Assuntos
Lignina , Azul de Metileno , Ultrafiltração , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Purificação da Água , Azul de Metileno/química , Lignina/química , Lignina/análogos & derivados , Ultrafiltração/métodos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Purificação da Água/métodos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Corantes/química , Corantes/isolamento & purificação , Adsorção , Polímeros/químicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of indocyanine green angiography to identify devascularized parathyroids during thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer would decrease the rates of postoperative hypoparathyroidism. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients who had undergone total thyroidectomy for treatment of thyroid cancer between March 2021 and March 2023. The indocyanine group included patients with all four parathyroids identified and evaluated by indocyanine green angiography at the end of the procedure. Those with parathyroid glands classified with no vascularization had the glands autotransplanted. A group without indocyanine angiography was used to compare results. RESULTS: The analysis included 100 patients in each group. Indocyanine angiography identified 14.75% of devascularized parathyroids at surgery. The number of parathyroids with a score of 2 (i.e., good vascularization) was not a safe predictor of normal parathyroid hormone levels after surgery. Indeed, 29.2% of the patients with three parathyroids with a score of 2 developed transient hypoparathyroidism. Permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in 7% of the patients without indocyanine group and in none of the patients in the indocyanine group (p = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Intraoperative angiography with indocyanine green could contribute to reduce the occurrence of permanent hypoparathyroidism in patients undergoing surgical treatment for thyroid cancer.
Assuntos
Angiografia , Hipoparatireoidismo , Verde de Indocianina , Glândulas Paratireoides , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Tireoidectomia , Humanos , Hipoparatireoidismo/prevenção & controle , Hipoparatireoidismo/etiologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Tireoidectomia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Adulto , Angiografia/métodos , Glândulas Paratireoides/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Corantes/administração & dosagem , Seguimentos , Cuidados Intraoperatórios/métodos , PrognósticoRESUMO
More sustainable materials have been becoming an important concern of worldwide scientists, and cellulosic materials are one alternative in water decontamination. An efficient strategy to improve removal capacity is functionalizing or incorporating nanomaterials in cellulose-based materials. The new hybrid cDAC/ZnONPs was produced by green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), promoting the in situ reduction and immobilization on the cationic dialdehyde cellulose microfibers (cDAC) surface to remove Congo red dye from water. cDAC/ZnONPs was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which showed efficient nanoparticles reduction. Adsorption efficiency on cationic cellulose surface was investigated by pH, contact time, initial concentration, and dye selectivity tests. The material followed the H isotherm model, which resulted in a maximum adsorption capacity of 1091.16 mg/g. Herein, was developed an efficient and ecologically correct new adsorbent, highly effective in Congo red dye adsorption even at high concentrations, suitable for the remediation of contaminated industrial effluents.
Assuntos
Vermelho Congo , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Purificação da Água , Óxido de Zinco , Óxido de Zinco/química , Vermelho Congo/química , Vermelho Congo/isolamento & purificação , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Adsorção , Purificação da Água/métodos , Química Verde , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Celulose/química , Celulose/análogos & derivados , Corantes/química , Nanopartículas/química , Cinética , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Celulose Oxidada/química , Cátions/químicaRESUMO
The present study explored the potential of leaf litter as a source of fungi able to produce ligninolytic enzymes for the biodegradation of anthraquinone dyes. Within the colonies isolated from the leaf litter, only three colonies of two species Trametes were selected based on the detection of oxidation and decolorization halos in Petri dishes with PDA (potato-dextrose-agar) + Guaicol and PDA + RBBR (Remazol Brilliant Blue R). The identification of the colonies was done through sequencing of the ITS region. The enzymatic activity of Lac (lacase), MnP (manganês peroxidase) and LiP (lignina peroxidase) was analyzed by spectrophotometry during fermentation in PD+RBBR imedium. Isolates A1SSI01 and A1SSI02 were identified as Trametes flavida, while A5SS01 was identified as Trametes sp. Laccase showed the highest enzymatic activity, reaching 452.13 IU.L-1 (A1SSI01, 0.05% RBBR) after 96h. Isolate A1SSI02 reached the highest percentage of decolorization, achieving 89.28% in seven days. The results imply that these Trametes isolates can be highly effective in waste treatment systems containing toxic anthraquinone dyes. Keywords: laccase, peroxidases, basidiomycete, litter and biodecolorization.
Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Lacase , Peroxidases , Folhas de Planta , Trametes , Folhas de Planta/química , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Trametes/enzimologia , Peroxidases/metabolismo , Lacase/metabolismo , Florestas , Antraquinonas/metabolismo , Corantes , Lignina/metabolismo , BrasilRESUMO
Electrochemical oxidation (EO), electro-Fenton (EF), and photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) with a BDD anode have been comparatively assessed to remediate solutions of Red CL and/or Red WB azo dyes from real raw water. For the EO process in 50 mM Na2SO4 at pH 3.0, the main oxidant was the heterogeneous â¢OH generated at the anode, whereas in EF and PEF, the cathodic production of H2O2 and the addition of 0.50 mM Fe2+ catalyst additionally originated homogeneous â¢OH that enhanced the oxidation of organics. In PEF, the solution was illuminated with a 6 W UVA light. An almost total discoloration was always found operating with a 1:1 mixture of 200 mg L-1 of both dyes in 60 min, whose efficiency increased in the order of EO < EF < PEF. The HPLC analysis of the dye mixture treated by PEF disclosed that its degradation process agreed with its discoloration. A high 74% of COD was reduced due to the oxidative action of hydroxyl radicals and the photolysis of final Fe(III)-carboxylate species with UVA irradiation. The process was accompanied by an energy consumption of 0.76 kWh (g COD)-1, a value similar to the energy consumed by the applied UVA light.
Assuntos
Compostos Azo , Boro , Corantes , Diamante , Eletrodos , Oxirredução , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Corantes/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Boro/química , Compostos Azo/química , Diamante/química , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/química , Curtume , Técnicas Eletroquímicas , Fotólise , Raios Ultravioleta , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Ferro/químicaRESUMO
Cellulose modified hydrogels can be produced directly from raw biopolymers in novel cellulose solvents such as NaOH/urea aqueous solution. The effect of cellulose characteristics on the synthesis of a cellulose-graft-(net-poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)) and its performance as water absorbent/methylene blue dye removal material is analyzed. Three cellulose samples, one analytical grade and two obtained from teak wood sawdust with different pretreatments (one alkaline and the other, a novel one known as (gas phase) acid pretreatment) were compared. The starting raw celluloses were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and viscosity in cupri ethylenediamine hydroxide (CED) solution, whereas the chemically modified materials were characterized by SEM, FTIR, and TGA. The pretreatment used influences composition, crystallinity index and degree of polymerization (DP) of the cellulose obtained. The modified material produced with cellulose from alkaline pretreatment showed the highest swelling ratio in water absorption tests at room temperature (12,714 %); in contrast, the one with cellulose from acid pretreatment showed the lowest swelling ratio (7,470 %). However, this difference is not so significative in dye removal tests, where absorption capacity is 139 and 140 mg/g, respectively. The results indicate that cellulose composition, particularly structures with significant hemicellulose and lignin remaining content, has a major effect on the performance of modified materials for water absorption, and degree of polymerization has a major effect on adsorption capacity of methylene blue.