To What Extent are Food, Culture, Economics and the Natural Environment Reflected in the Language of the Australian and Brazilian Food-based Dietary Guidelines?

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Our aim was to review literature describing language use in dietary guidelines and explore the extent to which food, culture, economics and the natural environment are reflected in the language of the Australian, compared to the Brazilian food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs). RECENT FINDINGS: Australia's FBDGs are based on the best available scientific evidence and claim to "form a bridge between research and evidence-based advice to address the major health challenge of improving Australians' eating patterns". Brazil's FBDGs recognise reasons beyond health for people's food choices. Not a lot of attention has been paid to language use in dietary guidelines. The reviewed studies suggest that language in dietary guidelines should be unambiguous for consumers and evolve with national nutrition priorities. A notable difference between Australian and Brazilian FBDGs was that Australia centralised individuals and individual food groups, whereas Brazil placed people in an ecosystem. Inclusion of words that speak to how food is prepared and eaten, to expressions of culture and community, and to strategies people use for enhancing and protecting livelihoods and planetary health may enhance the relevance of future dietary guidelines.

Traditional Medicine, Culture, and Psychedelic Science: New Pathways for Recovery From Substance Use Disorders.

OBJECTIVE: This article provides an intercultural transdisciplinary perspective on the Indigenous roots of the resurging field of psychedelic science in the management of substance use disorders (SUDs). Ritual uses of entheogens (i.e., psychedelics of natural origin) are elaborate technologies for navigating, containing, and therapeutically directing non-ordinary states of consciousness induced by these compounds. METHOD: A narrative review of the literature on the therapeutic potential of ayahuasca, peyote, psilocybin-containing mushrooms, Incilius alvarius-derived 5-MeO-DMT (5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), and iboga for the treatment of SUDs was conducted. This article also describes the application of some of these entheogens within a pilot intercultural clinical program implemented by the Yaqui tribe in Sonora, Mexico, for the treatment of SUDs and other mental health challenges. RESULTS: Observational research and preliminary clinical studies indicate the therapeutic potential and relative safety of these compounds in appropriate contexts, including the use of careful screening practices and complementary psychotherapeutic interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary research points to the potential therapeutic value of integrating entheogenic plant and fungi medicine with culturally attuned therapeutic strategies. Respectful intercultural dialogue across worldviews and scientific paradigms allows for the further development of new perspectives at the intersection of entheogens, addiction treatment, mental health, and traditional medicine. More interdisciplinary research is necessary in this field.

My culture soothes.

In the poignant words of a 12-year-old indigenous girl from the Pijao ethnicity (Tolima, Colombia), who shared her perspective before succumbing to leukaemia, we gain a profound understanding of health from her unique cultural viewpoint. Growing up in El Escobal, indigenus community, with her sister, she experienced the spiritual strength and unity that their culture attributes to twins. For her, health was deeply intertwined with the traditions and rituals of her people, emphasising the healing powers of plants and spiritual harmonisation.She observed a stark contrast between indigenous and Western perspectives on medicine and spirituality. In her reflection, the young girl highlighted the universal language of mutual learning and support that transcends cultural differences. Her message underscores the importance of cultural harmony and the healing power of shared human experiences, advocating for a world where diverse beliefs and practices contribute to collective strength and understanding.This text was her response to the question, "What is health?" as part of one of the methodological exercises in the doctoral research of Pinzón-Segura MC. Teoría del Intersticio Afectivo: Un nuevo enfoque feminista decolonial de análisis de políticas públicas [Internet]. Bogotá: Repositorio virtual de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia; 2024. The thesis, awarded with the distinction of summa cum laude, included various methods such as participant observation, sociological interviews, and discourse analysis of government documents. The question "What is health?" specifically guided 40 creative narrative workshops, which were an integral component of the ethnography and arts-based research design.

Sociocultural Implications in the Development of Early Maladaptive Schemas in Adolescents Belonging to Sexual and Gender Minorities.

Culture is a central theme across various theories and disciplines, influencing behavior and self-perception through interactions within social groups, families, and legal systems. This influence extends to the general population and particularly impacts sexual and gender minorities (SGMs), resulting in minority stress that contributes to mental health issues and the development of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs). Adolescents within these groups face typical developmental stressors-such as hormonal changes and societal pressures-compounded by prejudice, increasing their vulnerability to depression, anxiety, stress, substance abuse, and eating disorders. Despite these challenges, Schema Therapy (ST) lacks comprehensive studies on the sociocultural aspects influencing EMS acquisition in SGM adolescents. This theoretical review aims to fill this gap by exploring the impact of society and culture on EMS development within SGM adolescents. We recognize the broad spectrum of cultural influences and emphasize the importance of cultural sensitivity and diversity. This review specifically addresses how societal and cultural dynamics impact SGM individuals, acknowledging that while ethnic or other cultural factors are not the focus of this paper, they merit future research. This manuscript will discuss central topics and their impact on LGBTQIA+ youth, including (1) the background (definition of culture, lack of studies on ST focusing on culture, and studies on adverse psychological outcomes), (2) minority stress theory and prejudice against sexual and gender diversity (distal and proximal stressors and sociocultural aspects), (3) EMSs and unmet emotional needs, (4) ST affirmative strategies (working with schema modes, imagery rescripting, chair work, and photo techniques), and (5) final considerations (limitations and research agenda).

Mortality risk of loneliness: Culture matters.

OBJECTIVE: Does loneliness predict premature death? Much prior research suggests so, but this evidence draws primarily on populations from individualistic societies, such as North America and Western Europe. Here, we aimed to extend this evidence by testing a hypothesis that loneliness would predict greater mortality risk in collectivistic societies, where social interdependence is normatively sanctioned. METHOD: Using a harmonized dataset from two individualistic (England and the United States) and two collectivistic (Korea and Mexico) countries (combined N = 41,869), we tested whether cultural contexts moderate the extent to which loneliness predicts 10-year all-cause mortality. RESULTS: After adjustment of demographic variables and health behaviors, loneliness was associated with increased 10-year mortality in all four countries, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.13 in England, 1.21 in the United States and Mexico, and 1.51 in Korea. When health conditions were additionally controlled, this association became negligible in two individualistic countries, with HRs of 0.98 for both England and the United States. In contrast, the HR remained highly significant in Korea (HR = 1.27). Curiously, the mortality risk of loneliness in Mexico (HR = 1.03), another collectivistic country, was no different from the risks in England and the United States. CONCLUSIONS: When people feel that they are chronically isolated from social networks, this perception can be fatal in Korea, but it is less so in the other three countries. Discussion focuses on other cultural factors, besides the cultural dimension of individualism-collectivism, that may account for the current finding. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

A machine of the same: Repetition in the foundational discourse of the Argentinean "being" (1976-1983).

Using the example of the military regime in Argentina (1976-1983) and relevant archival materials, this article demonstrates the prerequisite of exalted language in constructing an enemy and how a discursive 'machine of the same' was put into operation. The author argues that what made this operation unique is its structure of repetition that stimulated "the tendency to merge" what is "foreigner-to-the-ego", and the "enemy outside" into a single concept in the Argentinian national psyche.As a theoretical lens, the author examines the military regime's language through Freud's understanding of groups and civilization and Laplanche's proposition that cultural narratives in the form of mytho-symbolic explanations help us translate the sexual drive and offer a "solution" to the helplessness of the infant-adult.The author further claims that at other times a cultural narration functions as an anti-translation device when set against the emergence of a new net of significations. The nation's founding narrative of an Occidental-Spanish-Catholic "being" that first effaced its indigenous origins and then its Arabic and Jewish inheritance was brought back by the military regime as a mytho-symbolic narration that formed a shield against the repressed remnants of the enigmatic message pressing for a new translation.

Breast cancer cultural representations: a scoping review. / Representações culturais do câncer de mama: uma revisão de escopo.

This article aims to map the global scientific production on social or cultural representations and breast cancer in Public Health and discuss how it is presented in the literature. We conducted a scoping review guided by the question: "How are cultural or social representations in the context of breast cancer described in the global scientific Public Health production?". We searched for works in five scientific literature sources and included 45 studies. The analytical process followed the content analysis technique in the thematic modality. The analyzed collection can be thematized into the following categories: (1) Compromised body image and interactions, (2) Spirituality, (3) Loss of control over life, (4) Going on with life, and (5) Association with ethnic-racial issues. Despite advances in biomedicine, we observed that representations of breast cancer still have metaphors associated with cancer in the last century. We conclude that, among other aspects, care for women with breast cancer cannot be guided only by biomedical and epidemiological approaches since this disease is traversed by knowledge that competes with these approaches.

O objetivo deste artigo é mapear a produção científica global sobre representações sociais ou culturais e câncer de mama no campo da saúde coletiva e discutir como esse fenômeno se apresenta na literatura. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, tendo como norte a seguinte pergunta: "Como representações culturais ou sociais no contexto do câncer de mama são descritas na produção científica global no âmbito da saúde coletiva?". As buscas foram realizadas em cinco fontes de literatura científica, sendo incluídos 45 estudos. O tratamento analítico seguiu a técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. O acervo analisado pode ser tematizado nas seguintes categorias: (1) Comprometimento na imagem corporal e nas interações; (2) Espiritualidade; (3) Perda do controle da vida; (4) Seguir com a vida e (5) Associação a questões étnico-raciais. Apesar dos avanços da biomedicina, observa-se que nas representações do câncer de mama ainda permanecem metáforas associadas ao câncer no século passado. Conclui-se que, dentre outros aspectos, a atenção a mulheres com câncer de mama não pode ser pautada apenas pelas abordagens biomédica e epidemiológica, uma vez que essa doença é atravessada por saberes que competem com essas abordagens.

Emergence of locomotor behaviors: Associations with infant characteristics, developmental status, parental beliefs, and practices in typically developing Brazilian infants aged 5 to 15 months.

Independent locomotion provides autonomy for infants, drastically changing their relationship with their surroundings. From a dynamic systems perspective, the interaction between environment, tasks, and organismic constraints leads to the emergence of new behaviors over time. This 6-month longitudinal study aimed to verify associations between the emergence of locomotor behaviors and infants' characteristics, developmental status, parental beliefs, and practices. This observational study remotely assessed 37 full-term Brazilian infants aged 5 to 15 months, divided into two groups (G1: 5 to 11 months, n = 19; and G2: 9 to 15 months, n = 18). The motor developmental status of infants was closely associated with the emergence of behaviors (p < 0.05). Infants in G2 whose parents agreed with the statement "In typically developing infants, motor development occurs naturally and there is no need to actively stimulate it" started to walk later than those whose parents disagreed. Infants whose parents expected them to walk around 10-11 months walked earlier compared to those expected to walk after 11 months (G2, p = 0.011). Infants in G2 with a high frequency of staying in the supine position started to walk, both with and without support, later than those with a low frequency (p < 0.05). For infants in G1 with a high frequency of playing on the floor, locomotion (p = 0.041) and crawling on hands-and-knees (p = 0.007) started sooner compared to those with a low frequency. Staying in the cradle more frequently was related to a later emergence of supported walk (p = 0.046) among infants in G2. The emergence of locomotor behaviors is associated with motor developmental status, the surfaces where the infant plays, and body position. Parental beliefs and expectations influence how infants are stimulated and, consequently, the emergence of independent walking.

Ruturas no lazer feminino em Portugal: o caso do futebol na união recreativa de cultura e desporto de Coina (1981-1990) / DIscontinuity in female leisure in Portugal: the case of football in the união recreativa de cultura e desporto de Coina (1981-1990)

A observação da adoção do futebol feminino na União Recreativa de Cultura e Desporto de Coina entre 1981 e 1990 mostra como qualquer abordagem à triangulação entre lazer, paisagem e natureza deverá ser efetuada com alguma meticulosidade, tomando as características peculiares da instituição em causa como primordiais, e nem sempre equiparáveis a outros territórios. A adoção do futebol em Coina acabou por moldar todo um território regional e elevou um pequeno topónimo periférico da Grande Lisboa ao mapa mental dos seguidores nacionais deste desporto. Este case study mostra como o futebol entrou nas estratégias de implementação do direito ao lazer feminino em Portugal e assumiu diferentes formas e variáveis díspares no tempo e no espaço.

The observation of the adoption of femalefootball at the União R.C.D.de Coina(Portugal) between 1981 and 1990 shows how the triangulation between leisure, landscape and nature has to be carryout with some meticulousness, taking the innercharacteristics of eachinstitution. Onceanalyzed as primordial, probably it would not bealways comparable to the rest of the country. The adoption of football inthe village ofCoina ended up shaping an entire regional territory and placed a small peripheral placeof Lisbon' outskirtson the mental map of the nationalfollowers of this sport. This case study shows how football entered into the strategies for implementingwomen's right to leisure in Portugal,and it had different forms and variables throughtime and space.

Caminho da Fé: Entre cicloturistas, montanhas e paisagens / Path of Faith: Among cycle tourists, mountais and landscape

Inaugurado em 2003, o Caminho da Fé (CF) é uma rota de peregrinação de mais de 300 Km. Ele tem início em Águas da Prata/SP e termina na Basílica de Aparecida (Aparecida/SP). Anualmente o CF atrai mais de 40 mil peregrinos, sendo que mais da metade são de cicloturistas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como os cicloturistas percebem as paisagens neste caminho. Como metodologia utilizamos: pesquisa qualitativa; observação através de cicloviagens; diário de campo; e, um questionário semiestruturado. Indagamos os cicloturista quanto às paisagens que mais lhes chamavam atenção. Como resultado encontramos respostas que foram em direção as paisagens naturais, destacando-se paisagens olfativas e sonoras, entre outras.

Opened in 2003, the Way of Faith (CF) is a pilgrimage route of more than 300 km. It starts in Águas da Prata/SP, and ends at the Basilica of Aparecida (Aparecida)/SP. Every year the CF CF attracts more than 40 thousand pilgrims, of which more than half are cycle tourists. The objective of this article is to analyze how cycle tourists perceive the landscapes on this path. As methodology we use: qualitative research; observation through cycl trips; field journal; and, a semi-structured questionnaire. We asked cycle tourists about the landscapes that most caught their attention. As a result, we found answers that focused on natural landscapes, highlighting olfactory and sound landscapes, among others.

Conspiring under threats! An investigation of associations between COVID-19 health and economic threats and conspiracy beliefs in Italy and Argentina.

Theory and research suggest that threats aroused by a given crisis lead to conspiracy beliefs. Although crises involve the arise of multiple threats (e.g., economic, safety, etc.) diversely affecting various needs and outcomes (i.e., cognition, emotion and behaviour), no research has yet focused on specific relations that different threats may have with the endorsement of conspiracy beliefs. In this study, we distinguished between health and economic threats aroused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and we tested their associations with conspiracy beliefs. Findings from two correlational studies conducted in Italy and Argentina showed that while COVID-19's economic threat was positively and consistently related to conspiracy beliefs, the relationship between COVID-19's health threat and conspiracy beliefs was negative and significant in the Italian sample and non-significant in the Argentinian sample. Results are discussed within the context of the effects of multiple threats elicited by crises on conspiracy beliefs.

Experiencia de los cuidadores informales en Colombia: Revisión sistemática y metasíntesis / The informal caregiver experience in Colombia: A systematic review and meta-synthesis / Experiência de cuidadores informais na Colômbia: revisão sistemática e metassíntese

Introducción: Los cuidadores tienen una forma particular de vivir la experiencia de cuidar, adaptándose al sistema de salud que no los reconoce como sujetos de cuidado, y que descarga en ellos labores para las cuales no están preparados ni acompañados en su trayectoria. Objetivo: Integrar los hallazgos de estudios primarios en una metasíntesis cualitativa para describir la experiencia de los cuidadores informales en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Revisión sistemática de literatura cualitativa o metasíntesis cualitativa. Búsqueda sistemática en metabuscadores incluyendo los descriptores: cuidadores, experiencia, investigación cualitativa, Colombia. La selección de los estudios se realizó con base en la metodología PRISMA y la herramienta COREQ, disponible en la red EQUATOR. Resultados: Se incluyeron 20 estudios primarios cualitativos, se codificaron en 250 códigos nominales, clasificados en 6 categorías centrales: relación entre la diada con su contexto, tocar fondo para fortalecerse espiritualmente, entrega, sobreprotección y limitación propia, momentos claves para adaptarse a cuidar, relación consigo mismo, sistema de salud, políticas y apoyo institucional. Conclusión: Los cuidadores comparten la experiencia de enfermedad junto con su ser querido. Se necesita transformar el sistema de salud para satisfacer las necesidades de las diadas en lugar de las necesidades del enfermo o discapacitado.

Introduction: Caregivers have a particular way of experiencing their caring roles. They have to adapt to a health system that does not recognize them as subjects of care and, at the same time, makes them responsible for tasks for which they are not prepared, without any support. Objective: To incorporate primary studies findings into a qualitative meta-synthesis to describe informal caregivers experience in Colombia. Materials and methods: Systematic review of qualitative literature. A systematic search was carried out using meta-search engines with the following descriptors: caregivers; experience; qualitative research; and Colombia. The study selection followed the PRISMA methodology and the COREQ tool, which is available on the EQUATOR network. Results: 20 qualitative studies were included, which were encoded with 250 nominal codes and classified in 6 central categories: relationship between the dyad and its context; hitting rock bottom to strengthen spiritually; commitment; overprotection and self-limitation; key moments to adapt to the caregiving task; relationship with self; health system; policies and institutional support. Conclusion: Caregivers share the illness experience with their loved ones. The health system needs to change in order to meet the needs of the dyads rather than the needs of the sick of disabled.

Introdução: Os cuidadores possuem uma forma particular de viver a experiência de cuidar, adaptando-se ao sistema de saúde que não os reconhece como sujeitos do cuidado, e que descarrega sobre eles tarefas para as quais não estão preparados ou acompanhados em sua jornada. Objetivo: Integrar os resultados dos estudos primários em uma metassíntese qualitativa para descrever a experiência dos cuidadores informais na Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura qualitativa ou metassíntese qualitativa. Pesquisa sistemática em motores de metabusca incluindo os descritores: cuidadores, experiência, pesquisa qualitativa, Colômbia. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada com base na metodologia PRISMA e na ferramenta COREQ, disponível na rede EQUATOR. Resultados: Foram incluídos 20 estudos primários qualitativos, codificados em 250 códigos nominais, classificados em 6 categorias centrais: relação da díade com seu contexto, atingir o fundo do poço para se fortalecer espiritualmente, entrega, superproteção e autolimitação, momentos-chave para adaptação ao cuidado, relacionamento consigo mesmo, sistema de saúde, políticas e apoio institucional. Conclusão: Os cuidadores compartilham a experiência do adoecimento junto ao seu ente querido. O sistema de saúde precisa de ser transformado para satisfazer as necessidades das díades e não as necessidades dos doentes ou deficientes.

Ruas de Lazer em Pelotas: Modelo lógico e descrição dos processos de planejamento e execução / Open streets in Pelotas: Logical model and description of the planning and execution process

O objetivo do estudo foi desenvolver o modelo lógico do projeto Ruas de Lazer na cidade de Pelotas em 2022, assim como descrever os processos de planejamento, pactuação e execução. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que utilizou a técnica de observação participante e o emprego de modelo lógico. O projeto possui características de gestão compartilhada que demarcam potencial relevante na criação de vínculo entre universidade, gestão pública e população local. Em 2022, sete eventos foram realizados com proposição de atividades culturais com música e dança, atividades físicas e esportivas e de educação em saúde. O projeto está em permanente construção e evolução, apostando na ampliação de investimentos para atingir os objetivos imediatos de oferta de atividades de lazer e de ampliação da democratização de acesso aos espaços públicos para o uso da população.

The aim of this study was to develop a logical model of the Ruas de Lazer project in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2022, as well as to describe the processes of planning, agreement, and execution. This is a qualitative study that employed the technique of participant observation and the use of a logical model. The project has characteristics of shared management that mark a relevant potential in creating a bond between the university, public management, and the local population. In 2022, seven events were held, proposing cultural activities with music and dance, physical and sports activities, and health education. The project is in permanent construction and evolution, betting on the expansion of investments to achieve the immediate objectives of offering leisure activities and expanding the democratization of access to public spaces for the use of the population.

Estudos culturais físicos e feminismo: relações entre corpo, gênero e justiça social / Physical cultural studies and feminism assemblage: relationships between body, gender and social justice

Buscamos reconhecer como conhecimentos feministas contribuem para (re)interpretações teórico-metodológicas, a partir da produção de pesquisas/intervenções relacionadas à gênero no contexto da cultura física. Alicerçados numa abordagem qualitativa, selecionamos textos feministas dos Estudos Culturais Físicos. Como resultado, argumentamos que os textos exploram formas de teorizar gênero e as múltiplas operações do poder social a partir da radicalidade do corpo como local central dessas relações; apontam para a autorreflexidade exercida pelas pesquisadoras ao narrarem suas experiências em pesquisas; e, acenam para o imperativo político como base para a mudança social progressiva, engajando-se com questões que transcendem a categoria "gênero".

We seek to recognize how feminist knowledge contributes to theoreticalmethodological (re)interpretations, based on the production of research/interventions related to gender in the context of physical culture. Based on a qualitative approach, we selected feminist texts from Physical Cultural Studies. As a result, we argue that the texts explore ways of theorizing gender and the multiple operations of social power based on the radicality of the body as the central location of these relationships; point to the self-reflexivity exercised by the researchers when narrating their research experiences; and, they point to the political imperative as a basis for progressive social change, engaging with issues that transcend the "gender" category.

Neuroethics and cultural context: The case of electroconvulsive therapy in Argentina.

As neuroethics continues to grow as an established discipline, it has been charged with not being sufficiently sensitive to the way in which the identification, conceptualization, and management of the ethical issues raised by neuroscience and its applications are shaped by local systems of knowledge and structures. Recently there have been calls for explicit recognition of the role played by local cultural contexts and for the development of cross-cultural methodologies that can facilitate meaningful cultural engagement. In this article, we attempt to fill this perceived gap by providing a culturally situated analysis of the practice of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in Argentina. ECT was introduced as a psychiatric treatment in Argentina in the 1930s but it is largely underutilized. While the use of ECT remains low in several countries, what makes the Argentinian case interesting is that the executive branch of government has taken a stance regarding both the scientific and moral appropriateness of ECT, recommending its prohibition. Here, we begin with a recent controversy over the use of ECT in Argentina and explain the legal recommendation to ban its application. Next, we offer an overview of some of the salient aspect of the international and local discussions on ECT. We argue that the governmental recommendation to ban the procedure should be rethought. While acknowledging the role that contexts and local conditions play in shaping the identification and assessment of the relevant ethical issues, we caution against using contextual and cultural considerations to avoid a necessary ethical debate on controversial issues.

A implementação do eixo de promoção da cultura de paz, direitos humanos e cidadania do programa saúde na escola no município de Francisco Morato - São Paulo / The implementation of the axis of promoting the culture of peace, human rights and citizenship of the school health program in the municipality of Francisco Morato - São Paulo

Ao longo da história brasileira, a relação entre os setores da saúde e da educação foi marcada pela interconectividade, evoluindo de práticas higienistas eugenistas para abordagens voltadas à prevenção de doenças e agravos à saúde e, sobretudo, à promoção da saúde nas escolas. Recentemente, a temática da violência escolar voltou a ser um objeto de notório interesse público, em especial para os setores da saúde e da educação, tendo em vista o aumento nos casos de atentados a escolas brasileiras. Isso tem convidado especialistas de diversas áreas a refletir sobre formas de promover um ambiente escolar saudável, capaz não apenas de prevenir violências, mas fomentar a paz. A presente monografia busca contribuir para essa meta, ao discutir a implementação do eixo 4 do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) ­ Promoção de Cultura de Paz, Cidadania e Direitos Humanos no município de Francisco Morato, São Paulo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório-descritivo, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com a gestoras, coordenadoras e diretoras dos setores da saúde e/ou educação e uma roda de conversa com estudantes de uma escola estadual no município. As falas foram organizadas em mapas dialógicos a partir dos quais emergiram três categorias diretamente relacionadas aos objetivos específicos deste estudo: a definição, descrição e avaliação das ações voltadas à promoção da cultura de paz, cidadania e direitos humanos em Francisco Morato. Os resultados mostram que a gestão e os profissionais da ponta possuem um conhecimento limitado sobre a definição de promoção de cultura de paz, cidadania e direitos humanos, assumindo-a a partir de uma perspectiva negativa, associada à ausência de violência, o que reflete em ações focadas na prevenção da violência. A falta de capacitação dos profissionais e a ausência de avaliação formal também parecem comprometer a eficácia das ações. Há falta de repertórios para falar sobre promoção de cultura de paz, direitos humanos e cidadania entre os estudantes, o que evidencia a necessidade de direcionamento melhor as ações do eixo 4 do PSE para esse público. A pesquisa ressalta a importância de investigações mais aprofundadas para compreender e aprimorar a implementação dessas práticas em Francisco Morato.

Herramientas para súper heroínas: guía de autoestima, empoderamiento, y derechos sexuales y reproductivos / Tools for super heroines: a guide to self-esteem, empowerment, and sexual and reproductive rights

¡La autoestima es un súper poder que todas las heroínas de carne y hueso deberíamos usar! Por supuesto que no podremos volar o mover objetos con la mente, pero en definitiva nos ayudará a vivir mejor. Y más que imitar el modelo de mujer que nos venden en las historietas y en el cine de ciencia ficción, el proceso consiste en conectarnos con nuestra mejor versión, aquella que siempre ha estado allí y que aparece en los momentos complejos de nuestra vida. Se trata de perdonarnos y vernos con verdadero amor, más allá de nuestras fallas y tropiezos. Así mismo este viaje de autodescubrimiento, será un recorrido para desaprender aquellas ideas y creencias que en su momento nos enseñaron a través de nuestra familia, cultura y entorno, y que ahora nos alejan de nuestros poderes, por esa razón es importante soltarles para así aferrarnos fuertemente a nosotras mismas y reconocernos como personas que tenemos derecho a una vida digna. Para esto será primordial ver esta guía como un regalo que nos hacemos, por ende separemos tiempo de calidad y concentrémonos en analizar cada pilar o súper poder para sintonizarnos con nuestra propia esencia, porque al final todo lo bueno y maravilloso ya está allí, solo es que nos demos cuenta de ello.

Self-esteem is a super power that all us flesh-and-blood heroines should use! Of course we won't be able to fly or move objects with our minds, but ultimately it will help us live better. And rather than imitating the model of woman that is sold to us in comic books and science fiction movies, the process is about connecting with our best version, the one that has always been there and that appears in the complex moments of our lives. It is about forgiving ourselves and seeing ourselves with true love, beyond our failures and stumbles. Likewise, this journey of self-discovery will be a journey to unlearn those ideas and beliefs that we were taught through our family, culture and environment, and that now keep us away from our powers, for that reason it is important to let go of them in order to hold on tightly to ourselves and recognize ourselves as people who have the right to a dignified life. For this it will be essential to see this guide as a gift that we give ourselves, so let's set aside quality time and concentrate on analyzing each pillar or super power to tune into our own essence, because in the end everything good and wonderful is already there, we just need to realize it.