Autopercepción de la salud mental y consumo de drogas lícitas en jóvenes universitarios / Self-perception of mental health and use of legal drugs in young university students

Objetivo: analizar la autopercepción de la salud mental y el consumo de drogas lícitas en jóvenes de una universidad pública de México.Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 308 jóvenes universitarios de Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche (México). Para la recogida de los datos se utilizó un formulario ad hoc de datos personales e historial del consumo de drogas lícitas y el Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-12). Se realizaron análisis bivariante y se aplicaron test de contraste de hipótesis (Chi cuadrado y U de Man Whitney).Resultados: la media de la puntuación global del GHQ fue 14,02. El 81,8% había consumido alcohol y el 49,4% tabaco alguna vez en la vida. El 53,9% presentaba ausencia de psicopatología. La presencia era mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres (10,9% frente a 4,5%; p= 0,038). Los valores promedio delGHQ-12 fueron más altos en quienes habían consumido alcohol alguna vez en su vida (14,3; p= 0,037) y en el último año (14,09; p= 0,04), y en quienes habían fumado alguna vez en su vida (15,22; p= 0,048) o en el último año (14,88; p= 0,043).Conclusión: existen diferencias significativas de la autopercepción de la salud mental y el consumo de drogas lícitas, reportándose puntuaciones mayores en jóvenes que han consumido alcohol y tabaco alguna vez en la vida y en último año. Los resultados ayudan a comprender la magnitud del fenómeno en este grupo poblacional y que puede ser un factor determinante para el estado de salud biológico, psicológico y social, por lo que se requiere un abordaje integral.(AU)

Objective: to analyse the self-perception of mental health and use of legal drugs in young students from a public university in Mexico. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 308 young university students from Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche (Mexico). An ad hoc form about personal details and history of use of legal drugs was used for data collection, as well as the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Bivariate analysis was conducted, and hypothesis tests (Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U).Results: the overall mean score in the GHQ was 14.02; 81.8% of them had consumed alcohol and 49% had smoked at some point in their lives, while 53.9% presented lack of psychopathology. Presence was higher in women than in men (10.9% vs. 4.5%; p= 0.038). The average values of GHQ-12 were higher among those who had consumed alcohol at some point in their lives (14.3; p= 0.037) and during the past year (14.09; p= 0.04), and in those who had smoked at some point in their lives (15.22; p= 0.048) or during the past year (14.88; p= 0.043).Conclusion: there are significant differences in the self-perception of mental health and use of legal drugs, with higher scores reported among young persons who have consumed alcohol and smoked at some point in their lives and during the past year. Results help to understand the extent of the phenomenon in this population group, and that this can be a determining factor for the biologic, psychological and social health status; therefore, an integral approach is required.(AU)

Depression symptoms and sweet foods consumption in Mexican college men: the role of emotional eating / Síntomas de depresión y consumo de alimentos dulces en un grupo de varones universitarios mexicanos: el papel de la alimentación emocional

Objective: to evaluate the association between depression symptoms and frequency of unhealthy food consumption, and to explore the mediation effect of emotional eating in this relationship in college men. Method: a cross-sectional study was performed on 764 men at a public university in Mexico City. To assess emotional eating (EE), a validated Spanish-language version of the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire (EADES) was applied. Depression symptoms were evaluated using the scale elaborated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies (CES-D) and a Questionnaire of Frequency of Food Consumption was used to measure frequency of food consumption. Path and mediation analysis were applied. Results: one-fifth (20.42 %) of college men reported depression symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16). Students with depression symptoms had a higher mean EE score (p < 0.001), a higher frequency of fried food (p = 0.049), sweetened beverages (p = 0.050), and sweet foods consumption (p = 0.005) than students with low CES-D score. According to the mediation analysis, the effect of depression symptoms on the frequency of sweet foods consumption was partially mediated by EE (23.11 % of the total effect). Conclusion: the prevalence of depression symptoms was high. EE is an important mediator in the relationship between depression symptoms and the consumption of sweet foods. Understanding the manifestation of eating behaviors in men and their relationship with depression symptoms may help clinicians and health authorities develop treatment and prevention programs aimed to decrease the risk of obesity and eating disorders.(AU)

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre los síntomas de depresión y la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos no saludables y explorar el efecto dela alimentación emocional como variable mediadora en esta relación en hombres universitarios.Método: se realizó un estudio transversal en 764 hombres de una universidad pública en la Ciudad de México. Se aplicó la versión validada enespañol del Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire (EADES) para evaluar la alimentación emocional (AE). Los síntomasde depresión fueron evaluados mediante la escala elaborada por el Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D) y el consumo de alimentos seevaluó con el Cuestionario de Frecuencia de Consumo de Alimentos. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de senderos y de mediación.Resultados: una quinta parte (20,42 %) de los hombres universitarios reportaron síntomas de depresión (CES-D ≥ 16). Los estudiantes consíntomas de depresión tuvieron una puntuación media de AE más alta (p < 0,001), mayor frecuencia de consumo de frituras (p = 0,049), debebidas azucaradas (p = 0,050) y de alimentos dulces (p = 0,005) que aquellos con baja puntuación en la escala de CES-D. De acuerdo con elanálisis de mediación, el efecto de los síntomas de depresión sobre la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos dulces fue mediado parcialmentepor la AE (23,11 % del efecto total).Conclusión: la prevalencia de síntomas de depresión fue alta. La alimentación emocional es un mediador importante en la relación entresíntomas de depresión y consumo de alimentos dulces. Conocer la conducta alimentaria en los hombres y su relación con los síntomas dedepresión puede ayudar a los médicos y autoridades de salud a desarrollar tratamientos y programas preventivos destinados a disminuir elriesgo de obesidad y trastornos alimentarios.(AU)

Learning loss and psychosocial issues among Thai students amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: the perspectives of teachers in the online classroom.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a broad influence on health and society across the globe, especially on the education sector as its educators have had to continue the provision of teaching and learning opportunities to their students online in the midst of pandemic. This has led to learning loss and psychological health issues among students, which is now being recognized worldwide. This study aims to explore the perceptions, perspectives, and experiences of teachers with regards to learning loss and psychological health issues among students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. METHODS: Descriptive qualitative research was employed to gain a richer understanding of this interesting phenomenon. The experiences of twelve primary and secondary teachers were looked into by dividing them into several focus groups and interviewing them through video conferencing. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed through the use of content analysis. RESULTS: The findings that include the perceptions, perspectives, and experiences among teachers focused on three main themes, which are teaching and Learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, learning loss caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and support to deal with the psychosocial issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. These are then divided into fifteen sub themes. CONCLUSIONS: Through these findings, this study is able to provide an understanding of the perceptions, perspectives, and experiences of teachers regarding learning loss and psychosocial issues among students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. It also highlights the psychological issues that were met, the social and family support offered, ways how learning loss among students could have been prevented in the midst of the pandemic, and finally suggests what the education administrators and healthcare or public health sector administrators can do to enhance the quality of education and resilience skills of the students during and after the pandemic.

Changes in physical and mental health in Swedish schoolchildren in the digital age.

AIM: Poor physical and mental health are common and increasing in Swedish children. The aim was to investigate significant changes in health and digital habits in fourth grade and ninth grade pupils in 2020 compared to 2011. METHODS: A validated questionnaire was conducted in 2011 and 2020 among schoolchildren in fourth (10 years) and ninth grade (15 years) in Sweden. The study population consisted of 196 students in 2020 and 254 students in 2011. RESULTS: A significant increase was seen in self-reported sleeping difficulties, tiredness, life dissatisfaction and dissatisfaction with academic abilities among fourth grade children and a sixfold increase in their refusal to go to school. Students in fourth grade also reported that they spent more time on social media and had a reduced interest in sports. Both students in fourth and ninth grade described an increase in attacks of anger and unhappiness, as well as decreased time with family. CONCLUSION: We conclude that fourth grade children have more physical and mental health symptoms in 2020 compared to 2011. The ninth grade students showed a high frequency of physical and mental symptoms in 2011, which remained high in 2020. One possible explanation may be that digital habits have increased.

The association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming among Chinese college students: the serial mediation of consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity.

BACKGROUND: To explore the relationship between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming among Chinese college students and to examine the serial mediation of consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity on the association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming, based on Identity-Based Motivation Theory. METHODS: The Problematic Mobile Video Gaming Scale, Future Self-continuity Scale, Consideration of Future Consequences Scale, and Short Version of State Self-control Capacity Scale were administered to a sample comprising 800 college students (338 males accounting for 42.3%). Multivariate analysis and latent variables analysis were utilized to explore the separate mediating role consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity played in the association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming, and their serial mediation also was investigated. The Bootstrap method was employed to test the significance of these mediation effects. RESULTS: The negative association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming was moderately found. Students with increased consideration of future consequences from higher levels of future self-continuity have decreased their problematic mobile video gaming. Future self-continuity significantly positively predicted state self-control capacity, which in turn significantly negatively predicted problematic mobile video gaming. The serial mediation was also found. CONCLUSION: The findings revealed why differences in identification with the current and future selves become influencing factors in problematic mobile video gaming. This study observed the mediating role that consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity play in the association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming.

Hoosier Sport: a research protocol for a multilevel physical activity-based intervention in rural Indiana.

Introduction: Currently, only 1 in 4 children in the U.S. engage in the recommended amount of physical activity (PA) and disparities in PA participation increase as income inequities increase. Moreover, leading health organizations have identified rural health as a critical area of need for programming, research, and policy. Thus, there is a critical need for the development and testing of evidence-based PA interventions that have the potential to be scalable to improve health disparities in children from under-resourced rural backgrounds. As such, the present study utilizes human-centered design, a technique that puts community stakeholders at the center of the intervention development process, to increase our specific understanding about how the PA-based needs of children from rural communities manifest themselves in context, at the level of detail needed to make intervention design decisions. The present study connects the first two stages of the NIH Stage Model for Behavioral Intervention Development with a promising conceptual foundation and potentially sustainable college student mentor implementation strategy. Methods: We will conduct a three-phase study utilizing human-centered community-based participatory research (CBPR) in three aims: (Aim 1) conduct a CBPR needs assessment with middle school students, parents, and teachers/administrators to identify perceptions, attributes, barriers, and facilitators of PA that are responsive to the community context and preferences; (Aim 2) co-design with children and adults to develop a prototype multi-level PA intervention protocol called Hoosier Sport; (Aim 3) assess Hoosier Sport's trial- and intervention-related feasibility indicators. The conceptual foundation of this study is built on three complementary theoretical elements: (1) Basic Psychological Needs mini-theory within Self-Determination Theory; (2) the Biopsychosocial Model; and (3) the multilevel Research Framework from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Discussion: Our CBPR protocol takes a human-centered approach to integrating the first two stages of the NIH Stage Model with a potentially sustainable college student mentor implementation strategy. This multidisciplinary approach can be used by researchers pursuing multilevel PA-based intervention development for children.

Adolescents' Identity Development Predicts the Transition and the Adjustment to Tertiary Education or Work.

Although identity development is crucial in individuals' psychological adjustment from adolescence to adulthood, little is known about its impact in the transition to tertiary education or work. This study examined whether identity development during high school predicts career choices and adjustment (i.e., engagement) and maladjustment (i.e., burnout) after graduation. A total of 357 Japanese adolescents participated throughout the 3-year period of vocational high school (Mage = 15.75; 62.75% girls). A follow-up assessment, at 18 months after the school-to-tertiary education or school-to-work transitions, was conducted. Higher identity synthesis during high school years predicted entry into tertiary education, while higher identity confusion predicted transition to work. Furthermore, higher identity synthesis during the high school years predicted higher post-graduation academic engagement, and higher levels of identity confusion predicted higher levels of post-graduation academic or work burnout. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the role of identity development in adolescence as a valuable asset for predicting the transition and the adjustment to tertiary education or work.

More grateful, less addicted! Understanding how gratitude affects online gaming addiction among Chinese college students: a three-wave multiple mediation model.

BACKGROUND: Online game addiction has become a prominent public concern, particularly among emerging adults, warranting in-depth investigation. Despite prior cross-sectional research indicating a negative correlation between gratitude and online gaming addiction, a dearth of longitudinal research exists in this area. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms that explain the link between gratitude and online gaming addiction remain poorly understood, highlighting a critical research gap in the field. METHODS: To bridge this gap, our study adopted a three-wave longitudinal design and constructed a multiple mediation model. Over the course of one year, data was collected from a sample of Chinese undergraduates, with 319 students participating at Time 1, 305 at Time 2, and 292 at Time 3. Participants were administered online self-report surveys, enabling the acquisition of valuable data regarding their levels of gratitude, online game addiction, self-control, and loneliness. RESULTS: The findings revealed a negative correlation between gratitude measured at Time 1 and online game addiction assessed at Time 3. Further analysis demonstrated that both self-control and loneliness played multiple mediating roles at Time 2 in the link between gratitude and online game addiction. CONCLUSION: These research findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms between gratitude and online game addiction, which provide implications for developing interventions (e.g., interventions based on gratitude) for reducing young adults' online game addiction.

Birth cohort changes in anxiety levels among primary school students in China during 1995-2019: A cross-temporal meta-analysis.

To investigate birth cohort changes in anxiety levels among primary school students in China, we conducted a cross-temporal meta-analysis of 126 studies (N = 109,957) reporting the anxiety levels among primary school students in China during 1995-2019 using the Mental Health Diagnostic Test (MHT); higher MHT scores indicated higher anxiety. The results showed that: (1) The MHT scores for five types of mental health problems (social anxiety, lonely tendency, physical symptoms, terror tendency, and impulsive tendency) and the total MHT score were significantly negatively correlated with the data-collection year, indicating that the anxiety levels among primary school students in China decreased over time. (2) The MHT score for learning anxiety was significantly positively correlated with the data-collection year, indicating that the learning anxiety levels of primary school students in China increased over time. (3) The overall MHT score did not show significant gender differences, but gender-wise varying trends were observed in the types considered.

Free from your experiences to grow: belief in free will moderates the relationship between attachment avoidance and personal growth initiative.

BACKGROUND: Attachment theory proposes that attachment security facilitates personal growth. However, attachment security origins in relationship history, and thus, how people treat their experiences may influence the outcomes of attachment security. People differ in the degree in believing that human beings have free will, and belief in free will may influence the relationship between experiences and outcomes. The present cross-sectional study investigated the relationships between attachment security, belief in free will, and personal growth initiative. METHODS: We used the cross-sectional data of 346 Chinese college students for data analysis, including correlational analyses, regression, and moderation analyses. The nine-item Chinese version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structures Scale, the sixteen-item Chinese version of the Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II, and the seven-item Free Will subscale of the Chinese version of the Free Will and Determinism Plus Scale were utilized. RESULTS: Results showed attachment avoidance and belief in free will, not attachment anxiety, was associated with personal growth initiative. Belief in free will moderated the association between attachment avoidance and personal growth initiative. When the centered score of belief in free will was higher than 0.64, attachment avoidance was no longer associated with personal growth initiative. 85.84% of our data were below this Johnson-Neyman significance region, and 14.16% were above. In other words, only those who scored higher than 0.64 on free will beliefs were able to pursue personal growth despite their high attachment avoidance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that when believing in free will, avoidantly attached people may believe in their ability to pursue personal growth and think their future has more possibilities, not influenced by other factors like social support, which they think they lack.

The COVID-19 related stress and social network addiction among Chinese college students: A moderated mediation model.

Based on social cognitive theory and gender differences, this study verified a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between the COVID-19 related stress (CRS) and social network addiction (SNA) and evaluate the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO) and the moderating role of gender. A questionnaire survey was conducted, including 702 Chinese university students.This study used PROCESS to test the hypothesis model.The results showed that the CRS significantly and positively affected the SNA of college students and FoMO played a complementary mediating role. Moreover, the analysis of the moderated mediation model showed that gender moderated the relationship between FoMO and SNA; the effect of FoMO was stronger on the SNA of male college students than that of females. The results not only enhanced our understanding of the internal influencing mechanism of the relationship between CRS and SNA but also considered gender differences. In addition, some suggestions were proposed.

Prevalence and associated factors of depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese secondary school students.

BACKGROUND: Depressive and anxiety symptoms affect about one-fourth of Chinese secondary school students. However, the prevalence and correlates of mental distress among secondary school students from Western China remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and associations of depressive and anxiety symptoms with demographic, family, school, life, and behavior factors in a large, representative sample of secondary school students in Zigong, a city in Western China. METHODS: Secondary school students were recruited using cluster sampling. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Nine-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form were used. Descriptive statistic was used to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of participants. The clustering effect was adjusted by the "survey" package of R to calculate weighted prevalence. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore associated factors of depression and anxiety, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 63,205 participants were involved, in which the weighted prevalence of depression in all subjects was 23.0% (95% CI: 19.6- 27.0%), and the weighted prevalence of anxiety was 13.9% (95% CI: 11.2- 17.0%). Logistic regression results showed girls, being single-child, non-nuclear family, peer bullying, sleep disturbance, and internet gaming disorder symptoms were positively associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION: Depressive and anxiety symptoms were prevalent among secondary school students in Western China. Our results can guide policy strategies for the assessment, prevention, and intervention of psychological status among Chinese secondary school students.

The Relationship Between Watching Mukbang (Eating Show), Eating Behaviors, and Anthropometric Parameters in Iranian Female Students.

BACKGROUND: With the increasing watching of programs such as Mukbang, the study of eating behaviors and anthropometric parameters and their relationship with Mukbang should be considered to prevent chronic diseases and eating disorders. This study investigated the relationship between watching Mukbang with eating behaviors and anthropometric parameters in female students at Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: In this study, 114 female students aged 18 to 31 years were selected using simple random sampling. General information, watching Mukbang status, and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) were administered to the participants online. RESULTS: The prevalence of Mukbang watching in female students of the present study was 60.5%. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between the frequency of Mukbang watching and emotional or restrained eating behavior (P > 0.05), while there was a significant relationship between external eating behavior and the frequency of watching Mukbang (P=0.0001). It was found that with increasing watching time, external eating also increased. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, the external eating chance was 27% lower in students who watch Mukbang rarely than those who have never watched such a show. However, this chance was 0.31 and 9.58 times higher in students who occasionally and always watch Mukbang, respectively. CONCLUSION: There is a significant relationship between external eating behaviors and watching Mukbang.

The Dynamic between Self-Efficacy and Emotional Exhaustion through Studyholism: Which Resources Could Be Helpful for University Students?

While university students have experienced increased stress, anxiety, and study obsession (studyholism) during the COVID-19 emergency, supportive university environments and academic self-efficacy (ASE) were found to be protective factors. However, the perception of overstudying could have impaired ASE's protection against studyholism, akin to workaholism. Following the job-demands resource model, this contribution examines the moderating roles of study load and teaching staff support in the relationship between ASE and exhaustion, mediated by studyholism. 6736 students from 11 universities (69.8% females; Mean age 24.67 years) completed a self-report survey concerning various academic and life aspects. Results showed that ASE was partially mediated by studyholism in its negative relationship with exhaustion. Both study load and support moderate this relationship, although the interaction effect between studyholism and ASE is positive. Nonetheless, ASE plays a protective role for all levels of study load and support, while studyholism is confirmed to have a significant impact on exhaustion, both directly and through its mediating role. Considering the high scores of both studyholism and exhaustion in this sample, the enhancement of ASE should be complemented by teacher support centered around opportunities to review study strategies with the students and strong attention to preventive measures, such as in itinerant evaluation, which could enhance both the perception of positive support and strengthen ASE.

A Student-Centric Evaluation of a Program Addressing Prevention of Gender-Based Violence in Three African Countries.

Studies investigating the effectiveness of school-related gender-based violence prevention programs seldom report on the extent to which students themselves value and recommend such programs. Yet, along with evidence about effectiveness in relation to shifts in knowledge, attitudes, or intentions, student-valuing is a significant indicator that the programs can make a positive contribution to students' lives. This mixed-method study analyses survey and focus group data collected from ninety-two schools in three African countries (Tanzania, Zambia, and Eswatini). Students found the program contributed to improved peer relationships and identified the five most useful components as learning about gender equality and human rights, learning how to obtain help for those affected by violence, understanding and communicating about their emotions, strategies to avoid joining in with bullying and harassment, and understanding the effects of gender-based violence.

Efficacy and Effectiveness of Universal School-Based Wellbeing Interventions in Australia: A Systematic Review.

The World Health Organisation defines health in terms of wellbeing, and wellbeing has become both a construct and a measure of impact in early intervention and prevention programs in schools. In Australia, schools report on their wellbeing initiatives and there is a plethora of government-funded wellbeing programs already in place in schools. However, education systems and stakeholders worldwide are facing significant challenges with mixed evaluation results of program impact and intervention effect. To better support students, schools, school-based healthcare workers, and community, it is important to know about the effectiveness of school-based programs; yet in the last decade, there has been no national appraisal of these programs in Australia. This systematic review aims to report on the effectiveness of Australian school-based wellbeing programs through a search of 13 databases. Out of 2888 articles, 29 met inclusion criteria. The results found that seventeen interventions comprising 80% of the total number of participants reported no statistically significant intervention effect on wellbeing outcomes. We argue that supporting wellbeing through robust program intervention is important as wellbeing presents both an indication of later onset of more serious mental health issues, and an opportunity for early intervention to break the trajectory leading to full disorder.

Building menstrual health and hygiene-supportive environments: exploring teachers' experience in rural Western Kenya.

Introduction: Existing school environments and staff play a critical role in Menstrual Health and Hygiene (MHH) for school aged girls in middle and low-income countries. This paper leverages teachers' perspectives on menstruation and the impact of the Menstrual Solutions (MS) study, an open cluster randomized controlled feasibility study to determine the impact of puberty education, nurses support, and menstrual product provision on girls' academic performance and emotional well-being. Methods: Seventeen focus group discussions were conducted from October 2012 through November 2013 with teachers at six participating schools, held at three different time points during the study period. Results: Key themes that emerged were emotions and blood, absenteeism, the role of teachers in MHH, and the impact of sensitization. Teachers noted that poor MHH had an impact on school attendance, transparency and openness with teachers, and student behavior in class. It was reported that adolescent girls would absent themselves for 3-5 days during their menstrual cycle depending on what materials they could use, and they would often shy away from teachers, when possible, only speaking to them about their menses if it was urgent or they needed to go home. Emotions such as fear and embarrassment were commonly associated with bleeding. At the midpoint and end of the study, teachers noted that the puberty education and menstrual product provision (where applicable) had a positive impact on girls' attendance, attention, and comfort in the classroom. Girls became more open with both male and female teachers about their menses, and more comfortable and confident in the classroom among all classmates. Discussion: This research highlights the importance of building an MHH-supportive environment with multiple school personnel within schools to develop a gender-equitable environment for girls to learn confidently without undue interference. Teachers are key adults in adolescent girls' lives, having the potential to foster an environment that empowers girls with greater autonomy to manage their menses. This highlights a need to consider their perspectives in intervention development. Sensitization of teachers and puberty education across both genders are key components to developing the MHH-supportive environment in schools.

Changing the landscape of mental health among college students: a community case study of a course on learning sustainable well-being.

Our society is facing an unprecedented mental health crisis, with nearly one in two people being affected by mental health issues over their lifespan. This trend is especially noticeable among college students, who undergo significant shifts in social, familial, and academic responsibilities. Exacerbating the mental health crisis is the fact that students are facing other societal crises (e.g., climate change). And, in a reciprocal fashion, students experiencing poor mental health are less likely to feel resilient enough to tackle these other crises. In response to these colliding societal crises, we need a comprehensive solution that goes beyond the current models of college mental health services. We propose an alternative preventative mental health approach, which aims to prevent the onset of mental health concerns and build resilience in the face of colliding crises. Specifically, we argue that colleges can aid in building mental health resilience by creating for-credit courses that teach students the skills they need to be conscious, responsible, and resilient human beings. Toward this end, we created an experiential, workshop-style, 1 unit, P/NP course, entitled "Learning Sustainable well-being" (LSW), which guides students to explore, improve, and sustain their mental health. The principles taught in this course combine the wisdoms of several disciplines, including mindfulness, psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, religion, poetry, and cinema. The following community case study reflects on the journey of our "LSW initiative," starting from the creation of the course in 2014 to the current mission of scaling up the offering as part of an institution-wide LSW program. To this end, we describe the LSW course modules/content, our pedagogical approach, potential limitations, and then provide data demonstrating its efficacy in improving student well-being. As a final note, we present the challenges we have faced, and the lessons learned, while on this journey. We hope that presenting this community case study will facilitate the growing dialogue across colleges about creating (and perhaps requiring) courses like LSW in order to improve students' mental health and resilience in the context of other colliding crises.

A validation of adult suicidal ideation questionnaire among Nigerian University students.

Background: To prevent completed suicide among young adults in the university, assessment of suicidal ideation should be encouraged. This study aims to investigate the reliability, exploratory factor analysis, and validity of adult suicidal ideation questionnaire among Nigerian university students. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey was the preferred choice of research design for this study utilizing convenience sampling technique to recruit participants. 6 universities divided into two equal numbers between federal-funded and state-funded ones in Nigeria were selected, and 2,702 students were sampled to fill the questionnaires. Instruments for data collection included Rosenberg Self-esteem questionnaire and Kessler Psychological distress scale to validate ASIQ. Ethical clearance for this study was collected from Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Results: The results of the study showed that internal consistency of ASIQ was .951 while validity analyses proved that self-esteem and psychological distress diverged and converged respectively with the three subdomains of suicidal ideation as measured by ASIQ. Conclusion: This study concludes that ASIQ has slight modification from the original version among young adults in Nigeria. The scale is reliable and valid but as a 22-item instrument on a 5-point Likert scale.

Coronaphobia and academic procrastination in health sciences students during the first 3-month pandemic lockdown.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between coronaphobia and academic procrastination among university students during the first 3-month coronavirus disease-2019 lockdown. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from June to July 2020 at the Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey, and comprised Health Sciences students of either gender across 10 departments. The coronavirus disease-2019 Phobia Scale and the Scale of Academic Procrastination Behaviour were used to gather data. The relationship of the scores was examined with respect to gender and academic level. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. RESULTS: Of the 743 subjects enrolled, 681(91.65%) completed the survey; 548(80.5%) females and 133(19.5%) males. The overall mean age was 20.91±1.94 years (range: 18-35 years). The largest group was that of first year students 229(33.6%). There was a significant correlation between coronaphobia and academic procrastination (p=0.001). Total coronaphobia (p=0.023) and psychological subscale scores (p=0.001) of women were significantly higher than men. Negative perceptions regarding instructors were higher in men than women (p=0.038). The academic year was not significantly associated with either coronaphobia (p=0.249) or procrastination (p=0.546). CONCLUSIONS: The coronavirus disease-2019 created a phobia and this caused academic procrastination in health sciences students, especially women.