RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common oncological disease in the pediatric population; however, skin infiltration occurs only in 1-3% of the patients and almost always manifests after the diagnosis is made. CLINICAL CASE: A male teenage patient who presented with facial edema and infiltration, associated with systemic symptoms such as asthenia and adynamia. On physical examination, the patient presented facial edema and indurated plaques, as well as cervical, inguinal, and axillary adenopathy. Complete blood count showed pancytopenia and a chest X-ray revealed a mediastinal mass. Due to a high suspicion of malignancy a bone marrow and skin biopsy was taken, both with pre-B ALL. Chemotherapy was started and the patient is now in maintenance phase. CONCLUSIONS: Leukemia cutis manifestations are heterogenous, from a small papule to a big nodule. It is more common in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and it is rare in patients with pre-B ALL, specially in the pediatric population. The diagnosis should be done with a biopsy and the treatment is with systemic chemotherapy. The diagnosis should always be considered in patients with unexplained edematous or indurated lesions, especially in the context of systemic symptoms.
INTRODUCCIÓN: La leucemia linfoblástica aguda es la enfermedad oncológica más común en la edad pediátrica; sin embargo, la infiltración a la piel solo ocurre en el 1-3% de los pacientes y se manifiesta habitualmente posterior al diagnóstico de leucemia. CASO CLÍNICO: Adolescente varón que acude a urgencias de nuestra unidad por presentar edema facial persistente, junto con astenia y adinamia. En la exploración física presenta edema facial con placas difusas induradas y adenopatía cervical, inguinal y axilar. Se decide realizar una biometría hemática, que muestra pancitopenia, y una radiografía de tórax, que revela una masa mediastinal. Por sospecha de malignidad se decide realizar una biopsia de médula ósea y de piel, dando como resultado leucemia linfoblástica pre-B en ambas. Se inició quimioterapia y actualmente se encuentra en fase de mantenimiento. CONCLUSIONES: Las manifestaciones clínicas de leucemia cutis son heterogéneas, desde una pápula pequeña hasta lesiones nodulares de diferentes tamaños. Lo más común es verlas en pacientes con leucemia mieloide aguda, y es muy raro en pacientes con leucemia linfoblástica aguda pre-B, especialmente en la edad pediátrica. El diagnóstico se realiza con una biopsia de piel y el tratamiento es con quimioterapia sistémica. Es importante tener en mente este diagnóstico en pacientes con síntomas sistémicos de leucemia.
Assuntos
Edema , Face , Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Edema/diagnóstico , Face/patologia , Biópsia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/diagnóstico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/complicaçõesRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Patients with Class II, division 1 malocclusion generally seek treatment to improve facial esthetics. Therefore, the orthodontist needs to know the changes in the soft profile produced by functional appliances. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the soft tissue profile changes in patients treated during the peak of the pubertal growth spurt. METHODS: Thirty selected patients were randomized into three treatment groups: Twin Block (TB), Herbst with dental anchorage (HDA), and Herbst with skeletal anchorage (HSA). All patients had computed tomographic images: pretreatment (T1) and after 12 months of active treatment (T2). Twenty-four soft tissue cephalometric measures were analyzed. The normality of all data was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Intragroup comparisons were analyzed using the t-paired test; the inter-group comparisons were determined through ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test. RESULTS: At T1, no significant differences were observed between groups. At T2, in the intragroup comparison, facial soft tissue changes were statistically significant in the three groups for the lower lip, sulcus inferioris, facial soft tissue convexity in HDA group and TB group, and H angle in HDA group and HSA group, and soft tissue pogonium in TB group. In the inter-group comparison, no statistically significant differences were observed. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that there were significant changes in soft tissue measurements that benefited Class II, division 1 patient's facial profile treated with the functional appliances Twin Block, Herbst, and Herbst with skeletal anchorage. Nevertheless, no significant differences were detected among the effects obtained by the three treatment protocols.
Assuntos
Cefalometria , Face , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle , Aparelhos Ortodônticos Funcionais , Humanos , Adolescente , Face/anatomia & histologia , Face/diagnóstico por imagem , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/terapia , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Feminino , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/instrumentação , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Lábio/diagnóstico por imagem , Desenho de Aparelho Ortodôntico , CriançaRESUMO
Aging and face sagging have many causes, and various techniques are used for treatment, including noninvasive procedures, such as focused ultrasound, which uses the principle of collagen regeneration by coagulative necrosis of the dermis layers using radiofrequency, but this procedure has complications. We reported a case of a 54-year-old female patient who complained of poor visual acuity in her right eye three days after a focused ultrasound facial aesthetic procedure, with the best visual acuity of 20/60. Biomicroscopy of the right eye revealed an acute cataract with three points of fibrosis extending from the posterior to the anterior capsule. The patient underwent phacoemulsification surgery with visual rehabilitation and improved vision of 20/20. We hypothesized that the occurrence of acute cataract was related to the inappropriate use of focused ultrasound.
Assuntos
Catarata , Acuidade Visual , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Catarata/etiologia , Facoemulsificação/efeitos adversos , Doença Aguda , Terapia por Ultrassom/métodos , Face , Técnicas Cosméticas/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-OperatóriasAssuntos
Face , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Fatores Sexuais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Etários , Adulto Jovem , Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Adolescente , Temperatura CutâneaRESUMO
In recent years there has been an extraordinary increase in the use of different filler materials as facial cosmetic treatments. The popularity of injectable tissue fillers among individuals who wish to restore volume and gain a more youthful appearance is because it is a minimally invasive esthetic procedure for soft tissue augmentation. However, although they are considered efficient and safe, they can trigger complications such as swelling, bruising, erythema, pain, infection, nodule formation, vascular occlusion, and pigmentary changes. The objective of this article was to present a case of a 46-year-old patient who presented with significant facial edema 3 months after lip and infraorbital filling with hyaluronic acid, resistant to medication, which appeared and worsened after starting to use Ozempic for weight loss. Therefore, we chose to perform an intralesional application of hyaluronidase 2.000utr, immediately observing the decrease in edema. After a week, the patient was completely recovered, with no signs of edema, no allergic reactions and feeling very well. The etiology of late inflammatory reactions is unclear and we believe that some medications may be capable of initiating these immune responses. Hyaluronidase is an effective treatment to reverse adverse reactions from hyaluronic acid injection, dissolving the peptide bond proteins within the hyaluronic acid, increasing the viscosity of the material and allowing it to be dispersed throughout the soft tissue.
Assuntos
Preenchedores Dérmicos , Edema , Ácido Hialurônico , Hialuronoglucosaminidase , Humanos , Ácido Hialurônico/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Hialuronoglucosaminidase/uso terapêutico , Preenchedores Dérmicos/efeitos adversos , Técnicas Cosméticas/efeitos adversos , Lábio/cirurgia , Feminino , FaceRESUMO
Age estimation is crucial in legal and humanitarian contexts. Forensic professionals may use various procedures to estimate age, including dental analysis, bone density tests, evaluation of physical characteristics including facial bone structure and development, and image-based methods. Although images are often the only material available, visual observation of photographic material is an imprecise method in age estimation, which can compromise judicial decision-making. Analyzing 4000 photographs from the Brazilian Federal Police database, representing four age groups (6, 10, 14, and 18 years), the study employed automated analysis by marking 28 photogrammetric points. Data were used to establish facial patterns by age and sex using the facial geometric morphometrics method. Performance was assessed through a Multinomial Logistic Regression model, evaluating accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity across the categorical age groups. Analyses were conducted using R software, with a 5 % significance level. The study found that facial geometric morphometrics achieved an overall accuracy of 69.3 % in age discrimination, with higher accuracy in males (74.7 %) compared to females (65.8 %) (p < 0.001). The method excelled at predicting the age of 6-year-olds with 87.3 % sensitivity and 95.6 % specificity but had lower performance at 14 years. It showed greater accuracy in distinguishing age groups with larger age gaps, achieving up to 99.5 % accuracy between certain groups, and was particularly effective in differentiating ages of 6 and 10 years in females and 10, 14, and 18 years in males. The facial geometric morphometrics emerges as a promising approach for age estimation among children and adolescents in forensic settings.
Assuntos
Determinação da Idade pelo Esqueleto , Face , Fotografação , Humanos , Adolescente , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Face/anatomia & histologia , Determinação da Idade pelo Esqueleto/métodos , Modelos Logísticos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Brasil , Fotogrametria , Antropologia Forense/métodosRESUMO
PURPOSE: Propose and verify the efficiency of myofunctional intervention program to attenuate facial aging signs and balance the orofacial functions. METHODS: Thirty women, aged 50 to 60 years, randomly divided into: therapy group (TG) submitted to Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy and electromyographic biofeedback group (EBG), submitted to the same program associated with electromyographic biofeedback for chewing, swallowing, and smiling functions training. Aesthetic and oromyofunctional aspects were assessed from photographs, videos, MBGR Protocol and scales for assessing facial aging signs, described in the literature. 50-minute sessions were held weekly for nine weeks and monthly for six months after washout period. Three assessments, identical to the initial one, were performed in the tenth week, eighth week after washout and conclusion of the research. The participants responded to the Satisfaction Questionnaire on the tenth week. RESULTS: The statistical analysis using the ANOVA, Tukey and Mann Whitney tests, for inter and intragroup comparison, showed that: intervention promoted attenuation of facial aging signs mainly in TG group, balance of chewing and swallowing functions in both groups; there was an impact of electromyographic biofeedback on the degree of participants' satisfaction, greater for EBG; interruption of the program for eight weeks resulted in aesthetic losses, mainly in TG, yet not functional losses, in both groups; the six monthly sessions had a limited impact on overcoming the esthetic losses that occurred after washout. CONCLUSION: The proposed program resulted in attenuation of aging signs, mainly in the TG group and improvement in orofacial functions, in both groups.
OBJETIVO: Propor e verificar a eficiência de um programa de intervenção miofuncional para atenuar sinais do envelhecimento facial e equilibrar as funções orofaciais. MÉTODO: 30 mulheres, entre 50 e 60 anos, divididas aleatoriamente em: grupo terapia (GT), submetido ao programa de terapia miofuncional orofacial e grupo biofeedback eletromiográfico (GBE), submetido ao mesmo programa associado ao biofeedback eletromiográfico para treinamento da mastigação, deglutição e sorriso. Aspectos estéticos e oromiofuncionais foram avaliados a partir da documentação das fotografias e vídeos, do Protocolo de avaliação miofuncional orofacial MBGR e escalas de avaliação dos sinais de envelhecimento facial descritas na literatura. Sessões de 50 minutos foram realizadas semanalmente, durante nove semanas e mensalmente, durante seis meses, após washout. Três avaliações, idênticas à inicial, foram realizadas na décima semana, oitava semana após washout e conclusão da pesquisa. As participantes responderam ao Questionário de Satisfação na décima semana. RESULTADOS: A análise estatística realizada, por meio dos testes ANOVA, Tukey e Mann Whitney, para comparação inter e intragrupos, demonstrou que: houve atenuação dos sinais do envelhecimento facial, principalmente no GT e equilíbrio das funções mastigação e deglutição nos dois grupos; houve impacto do biofeedback eletromiográfico sobre o grau de satisfação das participantes, sendo maior no GBE; a interrupção do programa durante oito semanas resultou em perdas estéticas, principalmente no GT, mas não em perdas funcionais, nos dois grupos; as seis sessões realizadas mensalmente tiveram impacto limitado para superação das perdas estéticas ocorridas após washout. CONCLUSÃO: O programa proposto resultou em atenuação dos sinais de envelhecimento, principalmente no grupo GT e melhoria nas funções orofaciais, nos dois grupos.
Assuntos
Terapia Miofuncional , Humanos , Feminino , Terapia Miofuncional/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mastigação/fisiologia , Eletromiografia , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Músculos Faciais/fisiologia , Músculos Faciais/fisiopatologia , Deglutição/fisiologia , Biorretroalimentação Psicológica/métodos , Satisfação do Paciente , Face/fisiologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
SUMMARY: To diagnose obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), polysomnography is used, an expensive and extensive study requiring the patient to sleep in a laboratory. OSAS has been associated with features of facial morphology, and a preliminary diagnosis could be made using an artificial intelligence (AI) predictive model. This study aimed to analyze, using a scoping review, the AI-based technological options applied to diagnosing OSAS and the parameters evaluated in such analyses on craniofacial structures. A systematic search of the literature was carried out up to February 2024, and, using inclusion and exclusion criteria, the studies to be analyzed were determined. Titles and abstracts were independently selected by two researchers. Fourteen studies were selected, including a total of 13,293 subjects analyzed. The age of the sample ranged from 18 to 90 years. 9,912 (74.56 %) subjects were male, and 3,381 (25.43 %) were female. The included studies presented a diagnosis of OSAS by polysomnography; seven presented a control group of subjects without OSAS and another group with OSAS. The remaining studies presented OSAS groups in relation to their severity. All studies had a mean accuracy of 80 % in predicting OSAS using variables such as age, gender, measurements, and/or imaging measurements. There are no tests before diagnosis by polysomnography to guide the user in the likely presence of OSAS. In this sense, there are risk factors for developing OSA linked to facial shape, obesity, age, and other conditions, which, together with the advances in AI for diagnosis and guidance in OSAS, could be used for early detection.
Para diagnosticar el Síndrome Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño (SAOS) se utiliza la polisomnografía, el cual es un costoso y extenso estudio que exige que el paciente duerma en un laboratorio. El SAOS ha sido asociado con características de la morfología facial y mediante un modelo predictivo de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA), se podría realizar un diagnóstico preliminar. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar por medio de una revisión de alcance, las opciones tecnológicas basadas en IA aplicadas al diagnóstico del SAOS, y los parámetros evaluados en dichos análisis en las estructuras craneofaciales. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura hasta febrero del 2024 y mediante criterios de inclusión y exclusión se determino los estudios a analizar. Los títulos y resúmenes fueron seleccionados de forma independiente por dos investigadores. Se seleccionaron 14 estudios, incluyeron un total de 13.293 sujetos analizados. El rango edad de la muestra oscilo entre 18 y 90 años. 9.912 (74.56 %) sujetos eran de sexo masculino y 3.381 (25,43 %) eran de sexo femenino. Los estudios incluidos presentaron diagnóstico de SAOS mediante polisomnografía, siete estudios presentaron un grupo control de sujetos con ausencia de SAOS y otro grupo con presencia de SAOS. Mientras que los demás estudios, presentaron grupos de SAOS en relación con su severidad. Todos los estudios tuvieron una precisión media del 80 % en la predicción de SAOS utilizando variables como la edad, el género, mediciones y/o mediciones imagenológicas. no existen exámenes previos al diagnóstico por polisomnografía que permitan orientar al usuario en la probable presencia de SAOS. En este sentido, existen factores de riesgo para desarrollar SAOS vinculados a la forma facial, la obesidad, la edad y otras condiciones, que sumados a los avances con IA para diagnóstico y orientación en SAOS podrían ser utilizados para la detección precoz del mismo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Inteligência Artificial , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Face/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Craniofacial morphology is integral to Sleep Breathing Disorders (SBD), particularly Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), informing treatment strategies. This review assesses the utility of two-dimensional (2D) photogrammetry in evaluating these metrics among OSA patients. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted. PubMed, Embase, and Lilacs databases were systematically searched for studies utilizing 2D photography in SBD. Findings were narratively synthesized. RESULTS: Thirteen studies involving 2,328 patients were included. Significant correlations were found between craniofacial measurements-specifically neck parameters and facial width-and OSA severity, even after BMI adjustment. Ethnic disparities in craniofacial morphology were observed, with photogrammetry effective in predicting OSA in Caucasians and Asians, though data for other ethnicities were limited. Pediatric studies suggest the potential of craniofacial measurements as predictors of childhood OSA, with certain caveats. CONCLUSION: 2D photogrammetry emerges as a practical and non-invasive tool correlating with OSA severity across diverse populations. However, further validation in various ethnic cohorts is essential to enhance the generalizability of these findings.
Assuntos
Face , Fotogrametria , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Humanos , Face/anatomia & histologia , Fotogrametria/métodos , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/diagnóstico , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnósticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Botulinum Toxin (BoNTA) is the most used nonsurgical aesthetic procedure to treat facial expression lines. AIMS: This study compared the efficacy of Prabotulinum toxin-A, a novel BoNTA that originates from Clostridium botulinum Hall-A, with onabotulinum toxin-A in treating facial expression lines using the Facial Wrinkle Scale (FWS) and FACE-Q questionnaires. METHODS: This was an experimental, comparative, longitudinal, open-label, and prospective study. Patients aged between 25 and 40 years with upper-third facial expression lines were included. Follow-ups were made at three, seven, 30, and 120 days. RESULTS: A total of 26 patients were included: 20 female, and six males, with a mean age of 28.26 years. An average of 31.00 IU and 31.38 IU were administered to the onabotulinum and prabotulinum groups, respectively. The prabotulinum group demonstrated superiority in FWS and Face-Q scores between the first and third days (p ≤ 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively), which continued on day 7. By day 30, there were no differences in the scores of the two questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS: Prabotulinum toxin-A is a safe and effective treatment for upper-third facial wrinkles. On day three and seven, the results suggest that prabotulinum toxin-A has a quicker onset of action than onabotulinum toxin-A. On days 30 and 120, both groups showed similar FWS and Face-Q scores.
Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A , Expressão Facial , Envelhecimento da Pele , Humanos , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Adulto , Masculino , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Técnicas Cosméticas , Fármacos Neuromusculares/administração & dosagem , Estudos Longitudinais , Face , Satisfação do PacienteRESUMO
The objective of this study was to propose categories of morphological classification for the face and its anatomical structures, as well as to propose illustrations to support the development of an atlas that facilitates facial morphological analysis of adult Brazilians. It was a descriptive study based on the analysis of the frequency and distribution of 13 photoanthropometric facial ratios (RFAs) obtained from a representative sample of the Brazilian population. RFAs related to facial height and width, eye width, intercanthal distance, nose length and width, philtrum ridge height and width, mouth thickness and width, upper and lower lip thickness, and chin height were analyzed. The study included a sample of 5.000 individuals aged between 18 and 22 years, evenly distributed between genders. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, considering them as parametric when p > 0.05. For the RFAs that showed normal distribution, mean ± 1.5 standard deviations (SD) were used to categorize facial measurements as regular, below average, or above average. Non-parametric RFAs were analyzed based on the median and 10th and 90th percentiles of the data. Based on the established average iris diameter, which is considered the most stable facial measurement, the values of the described RFAs were converted to a numerical scale in centimeters, allowing for the illustration of female and male faces. In this way, it was possible to categorize the facial anatomical structures and, consequently, visualize the facial morphological pattern of the adult Brazilian population.
Assuntos
Face , Humanos , Brasil , Masculino , Feminino , Face/anatomia & histologia , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Adulto , Antropologia Forense/métodos , Atlas como AssuntoAssuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas , Face , Deformidades Congênitas da Mão , Deficiência Intelectual , Micrognatismo , Unhas Malformadas , Humanos , Anormalidades Múltiplas/genética , Anormalidades Múltiplas/patologia , Unhas Malformadas/genética , Unhas Malformadas/congênito , Unhas Malformadas/patologia , Micrognatismo/genética , Micrognatismo/etiologia , Face/anormalidades , Deformidades Congênitas da Mão/genética , Pescoço/anormalidades , Pescoço/patologia , Masculino , Dedos/anormalidades , FemininoRESUMO
Skin aging is the result of physiological changes determined by genetically driven processes and intrinsic factors, and exacerbated by a combination of multiple environmental factors, the main one being sun exposure. The effects of photoaging are particularly apparent on the face, where the appearance of aging signs can have a significant impact on the emotions conveyed and well-being. Photoprotection and facial skin care for managing photoaging signs are thus of particular importance for both physical and mental health. Countries, like Australia and Brazil, where the level of sun exposure is high and the populations have predominantly outdoor lifestyles, are particularly aware of the harms of photoaging and have implemented several measures to help reduce the risk of skin cancer in their populations. However, sun-seeking behaviours are difficult to change, and it takes time before interventions provide perceptible results. Australia still has some of the highest skin cancer incidence and mortality rates in the world. Solutions that target individuals can also be used for minimizing the clinical signs of facial aging and for improving skin quality, with the ultimate aim being not only to improve the appearance of the skin but also to mitigate the occurrence of pre-malignant and malignant lesions. This review summarizes the features of facial skin photoaging in photo-exposed populations, based on evidence gained from studies of Australian individuals, and discusses the various available solutions for skin photoaging, in particular those that are most popular in Brazil, which is a country with many years of experience in managing photoaged skin.
Assuntos
Cosmecêuticos , Envelhecimento da Pele , Luz Solar , Protetores Solares , Humanos , Brasil , Austrália , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Protetores Solares/uso terapêutico , Cosmecêuticos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , FaceRESUMO
El lifting de plano profundo es una técnica de rejuvenecimiento facial que nos permite lograr resultados altamente satisfactorios aun en casos de difícil resolución. El conocimiento detallado de la anatomía facial es de primordial importancia para su aprendizaje y perfeccionamiento. Es una técnica que insume mayor tiempo operatorio, ya que requiere una adecuada liberación de ligamentos faciales y cervicales para la correcta movilización de los tejidos y su reposicionamiento sin tensión, pero al mismo tiempo es segura y confi able.
Deep plane lifting is a rejuvenation technique. facial treatment that allows us to achieve highly satisfactory even in cases of diffi cult resolution. He met Detailed understanding of facial anatomy is of primary importance importance for your learning and improvement. It is a technique that requires more operating time, since it requires adequate release of ligaments facial and cervical for the correct mobilization of the tissues and their repositioning without tension, but at the same time time is safe and reliable.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Ritidoplastia/métodos , Dissecação/métodos , Face/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study used infrared thermography (IRT) for mapping the facial and ocular temperatures of howler monkeys, to determine parameters for the diagnosis of febrile processes. There are no published IRT study in this species. METHODS: Were evaluated images of a group of monkeys kept under human care at Sorocaba Zoo (São Paulo, Brazil). The images were recorded during 1 year, in all seasons. Face and eye temperatures were evaluated. RESULTS: There are statistically significant differences in face and eye temperatures. Mean values and standard deviations for facial and ocular temperature were respectively: 33.0°C (2.1) and 36.5°C (1.9) in the summer; 31.5°C (4.5) and 35.3°C (3.6) in the autumn; 30.0°C (4.3) and 35.6°C (3.9) in the winter; 30.8°C (2.9) and 35.5°C (2.1) in the spring. CONCLUSIONS: The IRT was effective to establish a parameter for facial and ocular temperatures of black-and-gold howler monkeys kept under human care.
Assuntos
Alouatta , Temperatura Corporal , Olho , Face , Raios Infravermelhos , Termografia , Animais , Termografia/veterinária , Termografia/métodos , Alouatta/fisiologia , Masculino , Estações do Ano , Feminino , Febre/veterinária , Febre/diagnóstico , Animais de ZoológicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To detect ultrasonographic anatomical alterations in all the skin layers in patients with vitiligo. METHODS: A prospective observational color Doppler ultrasound study was performed in nonsegmental face and/or neck vitiligo patients without a history of previous treatments. Two sites, a lesional area and a contralateral clinically healthy region, were ultrasonographically studied and compared in the same patient. All cases were studied in high-frequency (24 MHz) and ultra-high-frequency (70 MHz) ultrasound devices with the highest axial spatial resolution available in the market. Demographic data of the sample, ultrasound grayscale, and color Doppler features were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Ten patients met the study criteria (60% females; mean age 49 years). All cases presented ultrasonographic undulation of the epidermis in the affected zones vs 50% in the healthy control regions, being more prominent in the vitiligo areas. Eighty percent demonstrated intense hypoechoic thin plaques in the upper dermis (subepidermal). All vitiligo areas presented thickening and hypoechogenicity of the regional hair follicles and/or pilosebaceous units. Ninety percent showed prominent sebaceous glands, and 20% demonstrated a hypoechoic cap surrounding the sebaceous glands in the lesional areas. Dermal hypervascularity was detected in 100% of the affected regions and 40% of the clinically healthy areas. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound can identify subclinical inflammatory cutaneous patterns in the epidermis, dermis, hair follicles, pilosebaceous units, and sebaceous glands in vitiligo. This noninvasive information can support early detection, monitoring, and research, including the clinical trials of drugs used to manage this devastating disease.
Assuntos
Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores , Vitiligo , Humanos , Vitiligo/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Adulto , Pele/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Face/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate three-dimensional facial soft tissue dimensions, maximum bite force (MBF), and occlusal contact area in patients with DFD. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between MBF and the three-dimensional facial measurements. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with skeletal Class III DFD and 20 patients with Class II DFD underwent a soft tissue evaluation using surface laser scanning, as well as MBF and occlusal contact area assessments. The DFD groups were compared with each other and with 25 healthy subjects. RESULTS: Significant morphological differences were found in the transversal, vertical, and anteroposterior dimensions between Class II DFD and Class III DFD. Both DFD groups presented an increased linear distance of chin height, which was strongly related with decreased MBF magnitude. The DFD groups exhibited lower MBF and occlusal contact area, with no significant differences between Class II and Class III DFD. CONCLUSION: The presence of DFD affected 3D measurements of facial soft tissue, causing variations beyond normal limits, lower MBF, and occlusal contact area in both Class II and Class III DFD patients. The vertical dimension might have influenced the lower MBF magnitude in the studied skeletal deformities.
Assuntos
Força de Mordida , Cefalometria , Face , Imageamento Tridimensional , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Face/fisiopatologia , Face/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Adolescente , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/fisiopatologia , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/fisiopatologia , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
Photoaging is the premature aging of the skin caused by prolonged exposure to solar radiation. The visual alterations manifest as wrinkles, reduced skin elasticity, uneven skin tone, as well as other signs that surpass the expected outcomes of natural aging. Beyond these surface changes, there is a complex interplay of molecular alterations, encompassing shifts in cellular function, DNA damage, and protein composition disruptions. This data descriptor introduces a unique dataset derived from ten individuals, each with a minimum of 18 years of professional experience as a driver, who are asymmetrically and chronically exposed to solar radiation due to their driving orientation. Skin samples were independently collected from each side of the face using a microdermabrasion-like procedure and analyzed on an Exploris 240 mass spectrometer. Our adapted proteomic statistical framework leverages the sample pairing to provide robust insights. This dataset delves into the molecular differences in exposed skin and serves as a foundational resource for interdisciplinary research in photodermatology, targeted skincare treatments, and computational modelling of skin health.
Assuntos
Face , Espectrometria de Massas , Proteômica , Envelhecimento da Pele , Pele , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Pele/metabolismo , Humanos , Luz SolarRESUMO
The vertical facial profile is a crucial factor for facial harmony with significant implications for both aesthetic satisfaction and orthodontic treatment planning. However, the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of vertical facial proportions is still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of some SNPs in genes associated with craniofacial bone development on the establishment of different vertical facial profiles. Vertical facial profiles were assessed by two senior orthodontists through pre-treatment digital lateral cephalograms. The vertical facial profile type was determined by recommended measurement according to the American Board of Orthodontics. Healthy orthodontic patients were divided into the following groups: "Normodivergent" (control group), "Hyperdivergent" and "Hypodivergent". Patients with a history of orthodontic or facial surgical intervention were excluded. Genomic DNA extracted from saliva samples was used for the genotyping of 7 SNPs in RUNX2, BMP2, BMP4 and SMAD6 genes using real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The genotype distribution between groups was evaluated by uni- and multivariate analysis adjusted by age (alpha = 5%). A total of 272 patients were included, 158 (58.1%) were "Normodivergent", 68 (25.0%) were "Hyperdivergent", and 46 (16.9%) were "Hypodivergent". The SNPs rs1200425 (RUNX2) and rs1005464 (BMP2) were associated with a hyperdivergent vertical profile in uni- and multivariate analysis (p-value < 0.05). Synergistic effect was observed when evaluating both SNPs rs1200425- rs1005464 simultaneously (Prevalence Ratio = 4.0; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.2-13.4; p-value = 0.022). In conclusion, this study supports a link between genetic factors and the establishment of vertical facial profiles. SNPs in RUNX2 and BMP2 genes were identified as potential contributors to hyperdivergent facial profiles.
Assuntos
Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2 , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core , Face , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Humanos , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/genética , Feminino , Masculino , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Genótipo , CefalometriaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate if facial and dental satisfaction is related to body fat percentage and body weight satisfaction. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was applied to adolescents from a Private School in Southern Brazil containing sociodemographic (sex and age) and self-perception variables. Adolescents were asked about their perceptions concerning dental problems. Body fat percentage was collected using bioelectrical impedance analysis. RESULTS: A total of 372 adolescents were examined. Most adolescents were satisfied with their dental (81.7%) and facial appearance (87.6%), while 39% of adolescents were satisfied with their body weight. Poisson regression model showed that adolescents who expressed satisfaction with their body weight (PR = 1.12, 95%CI 1.06-1.19) and were satisfied with their dental appearance (PR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.08-1.41) exhibited a positive association with facial satisfaction. Adolescents dissatisfied with dental color (PR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.80-0.97), those reporting dental pain (PR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.80-0.97), and individuals with obesity (PR = 0.91, 95%CI 0.83-0.99) demonstrated a decrease in facial satisfaction. Adolescents aged 16 to 19 years (PR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.15) and those satisfied with their facial appearance (PR = 1.20, 95%CI 1.01-1.43) exhibited a higher prevalence of dental satisfaction. Conversely, adolescents dissatisfied with dental color (PR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.66-0.82) and those with misaligned teeth (PR = 0.63, 95%CI 0.55-0.73) reported lower levels of dental satisfaction. Parametric g-formula analysis found that the association between body fat and facial satisfaction was mediated by body weight satisfaction (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: While dental satisfaction was not influenced by corporeal characteristics, facial satisfaction was influenced by dental and body weight satisfaction. Obese adolescents had low facial satisfaction.