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1.
PLoS One ; 19(4): e0300041, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38557683

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding brings about a positive impact on both child and maternal health in the short and long terms. However, adolescent mothers have a lower breastfeeding initiation rate and a shorter breastfeeding duration than adult mothers. Although mobile applications have been found to be the most widely used platform for breastfeeding support, there is still a lack of design specific for adolescents. AIM: To explore the experiences, perspectives and needs of adolescent mothers and professional nurses using smartphone applications for breastfeeding support and the influence of this technology on healthcare in Thailand. METHODS: This formative qualitative research of the 'Development of smartphone application for promoting breastfeeding and learning of infant responsiveness for Thai teenage pregnant women' study intends to design a smartphone application and develop an implementation plan. A purposive sample was used to elicit experiences from adolescent mothers and nurses. Data were collected from 48 adolescent mothers through in-depth interviews with six focus group discussions and 12 nurses, following the data saturation principle. Thematic analysis was conducted, and potential factors and needs were mapped to the capability, opportunity, and motivation model of behaviour change (COM-B). RESULTS: Most adolescent mothers perceived the usefulness of smartphone apps as breastfeeding support resources. The qualitative findings of adolescent mothers were grouped into the following three themes: a friendly breastfeeding tool; allows them to manage their breastfeeding activities; and enhances the accessibility and equality of breastfeeding support. The professional nurses perceived the benefits of using smartphone applications in their work, which included the following three themes: reducing workload and making their work easier; preparation is always better; and increasing the standards of breastfeeding support. CONCLUSION: Adolescent mothers and professional nurses showed favourable attitudes toward smartphone apps for breastfeeding support. These smartphone apps should be tailored to these groups to achieve optimal BF outcomes.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Aplicativos Móveis , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Gravidez , Mães Adolescentes , Liberdade , Mães , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Smartphone , Apoio Social , Tailândia
2.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 24(1): 145, 2024 Feb 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38368364

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A significant concern for Bangladesh is the high prevalence of adolescent pregnancy and the associated negative consequences for mother and baby, including a teen-related increased risk of preterm birth (PTB). Bangladesh also has one of the highest incidences of PTB (19%). Despite these high numbers of adolescent pregnancies and PTB, little is reported about the experiences of adolescent mothers in caring for their preterm babies, and the interventions needed to support them. The aim of this study was to explore gaps and opportunities for improved care for preterm babies among adolescent mothers and communities in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study in rural villages of Baliakandi sub-district of Bangladesh. Data collection involved in-depth interviews with adolescent mothers of premature and term babies, adult mothers with premature babies, and family members (n = 36); focus groups with community members (n = 5); and key informant interviews with healthcare providers (n = 13). Adolescent mothers with term and adult mothers with PTBs were included to elicit similarities and differences in understanding and care practices of PTB. A thematic approach was used for data analysis. RESULTS: We explored two major themes- perceptions and understanding of PTB; care practices and care-seeking for illnesses. We observed gaps and variations in understanding of preterm birth (length of gestation, appearance, causes, problems faced) and care practices (thermal management, feeding, weight monitoring) among all, but particularly among adolescents. Immediate natal and marital-kins were prominent in the narratives of adolescents as sources of informational and instrumental support. The use of multiple providers and delays in care-seeking from trained providers for sick preterm babies was noted, often modulated by the perception of severity of illness, cost, convenience, and quality of services. Health systems challenges included lack of equipment and trained staff in facilities to provide special care to preterm babies. CONCLUSION: A combination of factors including local knowledge, socio-cultural practices and health systems challenges influenced knowledge of, and care for, preterm babies among adolescent and adult mothers. Strategies to improve birth outcomes will require increased awareness among adolescents, women, and families about PTB and improvement in quality of PTB services at health facilities.


Assuntos
Nascimento Prematuro , Gravidez , Lactente , Adulto , Adolescente , Recém-Nascido , Feminino , Humanos , Nascimento Prematuro/epidemiologia , Mães Adolescentes , Bangladesh/epidemiologia , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Mães , Percepção
3.
Matern Child Health J ; 28(4): 657-666, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37957412

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Social isolation and stigma contribute to poor mental health outcomes. Adolescent mothers in Zimbabwe often experience isolation and stigma, lacking social support and resources to navigate motherhood. The study tested the effectiveness of a community-based peer support intervention to mitigate social isolation and stigma of adolescent motherhood in Harare, Zimbabwe. METHODS: Community health workers (n = 12) and peer educators (n = 12) in the intervention arm were recruited and trained on co-facilitating peer support groups. Adolescent mothers aged 15-18 years from two low-income high-density communities in Harare were recruited, using a quasi-experimental design. The intervention arm (n = 104) participated in the peer support groups and both arms completed sociodemographic, base-, mid-, and end-line surveys (control arm n = 79). Peer support groups (12 groups with 6-12 participants in each) met in-person twice a month and completed 12 sessions from May to August 2019 addressing participant-identified topics such as income generation and depression. WhatsApp Messenger was used for training and implementation support. Key community stakeholders discussed project progress and recommendations to improve adolescent mothers' health. Data were analyzed using Stata 15. RESULTS: The intervention arm reported lower depressive symptoms and common mental disorders and higher overall, family, friends, and significant-other support, compared to control. The intervention arm felt more engaged with peers, knew who and where to turn to for help, and had coping, parenting and communication strategies to manage life challenges. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE: The intervention mitigated social isolation and stigma and thereby improved mental health and social support among adolescent mothers in Harare. Trial Registration This trial is registered at Clinical Trials.gov, NCT05213182 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05213182 .


What is already known on this subject? Social isolation and stigma contribute to poor mental health outcomes. Adolescent mothers often experience isolation and stigma, lacking social support and resources to navigate motherhood. There is a need for interventions that identify and address the unique needs of adolescent mothers.What this study adds? A community-based peer-support intervention can mitigate social isolation and stigma and thereby improve mental health and social support of adolescent mothers. WhatsApp Messenger is a potential intervention tool for providing training and implementation support, and enhancing communication between peer support group facilitators and participants.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Transtornos Mentais , Feminino , Adolescente , Humanos , Zimbábue , Aconselhamento , Apoio Social , Estigma Social , Isolamento Social
4.
Child Care Health Dev ; 50(1): e13138, 2024 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37287209

RESUMO

AIM: This study aims to investigate associations of formal childcare with maternal and child outcomes in a large sample of adolescent mothers. BACKGROUND: Forty percent of adolescent girls in Africa are mothers. Increasing evidence shows positive impacts of formal childcare use for adult women, but no known studies in the Global South examine associations for adolescent mothers and their children. METHODS: We interviewed 1046 adolescent mothers and completed developmental assessments with their children (n = 1139) in South Africa's Eastern Cape between 2017 and 2019. Questionnaires measured childcare use, maternal and child outcomes and socio-demographic background variables. Using cross-sectional data, associations between formal childcare use and outcomes were estimated in multivariate multi-level analyses that accounted for individual-level and family-level clustering. RESULTS: Childcare use was associated with higher odds of being in education or employment (AOR: 4.01, 95% CIs: 2.59-6.21, p < .001), grade promotion (AOR: 2.08, 95% CIs: 1.42-3.05, p < .001) and positive future ideation (AOR: 1.58, 95% CIs: 1.01-2.49, p = .047) but no differences in mental health. Childcare use was also associated with better parenting on all measures: positive parenting (AOR: 1.66, 95% CIs: 1.16-2.38, p = .006), better parental limit-setting (AOR: 2.00, 95% CIs: 1.37-2.93, p < .001) and better positive discipline (AOR: 1.77, 95% CIs: 1.21-2.59, p = .003). For the children, there were no differences in temperament or illness, but a significant interaction showed stronger associations between childcare use and better cognitive, language and motor scores with increasing child age (AOR: 5.04, 95% CIs: 1.59-15.96, p = .006). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent mothers might benefit substantially from formal childcare, but causal links need to be explored further. Childcare use was also associated with improved parenting and better child development over time, suggesting positive pathways for children. At an average of $9 per month, childcare provisions for adolescent mothers may offer low-cost opportunities to achieve high returns on health and human capital outcomes in Sub-Saharan African contexts.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Cuidado da Criança , Criança , Adulto , Adolescente , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , África do Sul , Mães/psicologia
5.
Acta Medica Philippina ; : 1-13, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1006806

RESUMO

Background@#Child-rearing is challenging for adolescent mothers at risk of providing limited care to their children because of the challenges and demands of simultaneously being an adolescent and a mother. Children aged 0-2 years depend on caregivers like their young mothers to promote their physical, emotional, social, and cognitive growth and development.@*Objective@#The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Child-rearing Information Booklet (CRIB) among adolescent mothers with children aged 0-2 years on the three dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practices.@*Methods@#The study utilized the quasi-experimental non-equivalent pre-test-post-test control group design to investigate 30 intervention and 30 comparison adolescent mothers with children aged 0-2 years who met the study criteria in Baguio City from January 2019 to January 2021. The fishbowl sampling technique was used in selecting the population and the specific barangays. A validated self-made questionnaire (I-CVI of 0.95 with Cronbach's α of 0.96) determined both groups' knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP). The study used the weighted mean for adolescent mothers' KAP while an independent sample t-test analyzed the significant change in the scores of both groups and to answer the significant difference in the pre- and post-test scores between the two groups.@*Results@#The results revealed that both groups are knowledgeable about child-rearing skills. Both groups have a favorable attitude when caring for their children and have a very satisfactory practice in childcare. The study also yielded a significant difference in the change of scores in the pre-and post-test scores of the two groups, specifically in knowledge and practice, while no significant difference in their attitude. It also presented a significant difference in the post-test scores between the two groups along with their knowledge (large effect size), attitude (medium effect size), and practices (large effect size).@*Conclusions@#Adolescent mothers have pre-existing KAP in child-rearing. The CRIB effectively enhances adolescent mothers' child-rearing knowledge and practice. Also, the increase of scores in KAP in child-rearing during the posttest may not be solely caused by the CRIB but also influenced by their age, level of education, living environment, experience in child-rearing, and age of their child. The CRIB has a high practical significance in improving the knowledge and practices among adolescent mothers but not in their attitude.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Conhecimento , Atitude
6.
Psicol. USP ; 35: e220115, 2024. graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS, Index Psicologia - Periódicos | ID: biblio-1564950

RESUMO

Resumo: Este artigo analisou o processo de construção e execução de uma pesquisa acerca da gravidez na adolescência com jovens do ensino médio no cotidiano de uma escola pública estadual de Fortaleza-CE, a partir de um estudo qualitativo com base na pesquisa-intervenção. Por meio de um curso de extensão para estudantes secundaristas, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa na escola em que as próprias jovens da escola pública foram copesquisadoras do tema gravidez na adolescência no cotidiano escolar. Utilizou-se as ferramentas metodológicas de diários de campo, questionário on-line e restituição. Os resultados mostraram que há diferenças nos papéis de mãe e pai na adolescência, dificuldades para a conclusão da vida escolar e prejuízos na inserção no mercado de trabalho, principalmente para as meninas. Portanto, a pesquisa possibilitou problematizar o lugar de representatividade das pautas de maternidade e paternidade fomentando espaços de escuta e dialogicidade na promoção da equidade com estudantes que experienciam a maternidade e paternidade.


Abstract: This article aimed to analyze the process of constructing and conducting research on teenage pregnancy with high school students in the daily life of a public school in Fortaleza, Ceará, based on a qualitative study using the Intervention Research approach. By an extension course for high school students, a research project was developed in the school in which the public school students themselves were co-researchers on the topic of teenage pregnancy in the school environment. The methodological tools used were field journals, online questionnaires, and restitution. Results showed differences in the roles of the mother and father during adolescence, difficulties in completing education, and obstacles in entering the job market, especially for girls. Therefore, this research could question the representation of maternity and paternity issues, promoting spaces for listening and dialogue in the promotion of equity with students who experience parenthood.


Résumé : Cet article a analysé la construction et réalisation d'une recherche avec de lycéens sur la grossesse adolescente dans la vie quotidienne d'une école publique de Fortaleza-CE, dès une étude qualitative de recherche-intervention. Avec un cours d'extension pour des élèves du secondaire, une recherche a été menée où les élèves de l'école publique étaient co-chercheurs sur la grossesse adolescente dans l'école. Des journaux de terrain, des questionnaires en ligne et des restitutions ont été utilisés. Les résultats ont montré des différences dans les rôles de mère et de père pendant l'adolescence, des difficultés à mener à terme leur scolarité et des préjudices dans leur insertion sur le marché du travail, surtout pour les filles. Donc, la recherche a permis de questionner la représentativité des enjeux de maternité et de paternité, en favorisant des espaces d'écoute et de dialogue pour promouvoir l'équité avec les étudiants qui vivent la maternité et la paternité.


Resumen: Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar el proceso de construcción e implementación de una investigación con estudiantes de secundaria sobre el tema del embarazo adolescente en la vida cotidiana de una escuela pública de Fortaleza, Ceará (Brasil), basada en un estudio cualitativo de investigación-intervención. A partir de un curso de extensión, se desarrolló una investigación en la escuela donde las propias estudiantes de secundaria fueron coinvestigadoras sobre el tema del embarazo adolescente. Se utilizaron como herramientas metodológicas un cuestionario en línea, diario de campo y restitución. Los resultados mostraron diferencias en el papel de la madre y el padre durante la adolescencia, dificultades para completar la vida escolar y dificultades para entrar en el mercado laboral, especialmente para las chicas. Por lo tanto, esta investigación permitió problematizar el papel representacional de la maternidad y la paternidad, propiciando espacios de escucha y de diálogo para promover la equidad con los estudiantes que experimentan estos roles.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Gravidez na Adolescência/psicologia , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Paternidade , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade , Mães Adolescentes/psicologia
7.
Asian J Psychiatr ; 90: 103810, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37913650

RESUMO

The teenage pregnancy has serious adverse effect on physical and mental health of mothers and infants. This cross-sectional study was aimed to assess proportion of perinatal depression and well-being of teenage mothers in Nepal. Perinatal women were evaluated using Mental Health Continuum Short Form, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Of 239 perinatal women, 12 (5%) were teenage with a mean age of 18.17 ± 0.93 years. 33.3% (n = 4) of teenage mothers had depressive symptoms, and 25% (n = 3) had moderate/languishing mental health. A high proportion of depression and poor mental health suggests that screening and supportive care should be provided for teenage mothers.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Depressão Pós-Parto , Gravidez , Lactente , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/epidemiologia , Nepal/epidemiologia , Atenção Terciária à Saúde , Mães/psicologia , Hospitais de Ensino , Depressão Pós-Parto/diagnóstico , Depressão Pós-Parto/epidemiologia
8.
Sao Paulo Med J ; 142(3): e2022647, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37991014

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months, and mother's age impact early weaning. Educational support and relevant information can increase breastfeeding rates. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether antenatal education enhances the maintenance, intention, and confidence in breastfeeding among adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective cohort study involving primiparous adolescents who gave birth at the Woman's Hospital (CAISM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil. METHODS: Adolescent mothers were categorized into two groups based on the location of prenatal care: those at the Woman's Hospital (WH) who received antenatal education, and at the Primary Care (PC) who did not receive antenatal education. All adolescents received breastfeeding orientation during their postpartum hospital stay. The groups were compared using the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-squared test. Log-binomial models were used to compare the groups at different time intervals. RESULTS: The study included 132 adolescents: 59 in the WH group and 73 in the PC group. Six months postpartum, adolescents in the WH group demonstrated higher engagement in breastfeeding (P < 0.005) and exclusive breastfeeding (P = 0.04) than PC group. PC group showed greater lack of confidence in breastfeeding (P = 0.02) and felt less prepared (P = 0.01). Notably, all WH adolescents reported a stronger desire to breastfeed after antenatal education. CONCLUSION: Antenatal education significantly improves the maintenance, intention, and confidence of breastfeeding among adolescents. This education approach can be implemented across all healthcare levels and should be made accessible to all women throughout the pregnancy and postpartum period.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Aleitamento Materno , Adolescente , Feminino , Gravidez , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Cuidado Pré-Natal , Atenção à Saúde , Mães
9.
Reprod Health ; 20(1): 166, 2023 Nov 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37946289

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Girls' and women's health as well as social and economic wellbeing are often negatively impacted by early childbearing. In many parts of Africa, adolescent girls who get pregnant often drop out of school, resulting in widening gender inequalities in schooling and economic participation. Few interventions have focused on education and economic empowerment of adolescent mothers in the region. We aim to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial in Blantyre (Malawi) and Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) to examine the acceptability and feasibility of three interventions in improving educational and health outcomes among adolescent mothers and to estimate the effect and cost-effectiveness of the three interventions in facilitating (re)entry into school or vocational training. We will also test the effect of the interventions on their sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and mental health. INTERVENTIONS: The three interventions we will assess are: a cash transfer conditioned on (re)enrolment into school or vocational training, subsidized childcare, and life skills training offered through adolescent mothers' clubs. The life skills training will cover nurturing childcare, SRH, mental health, and financial literacy. Community health workers will facilitate the clubs. Each intervention will be implemented for 12 months. METHODS: We will conduct a baseline survey among adolescent mothers aged 10-19 years (N = 270, per site) enrolled following a household listing in select enumeration areas in each site. Adolescent mothers will be interviewed using a structured survey adapted from a previous survey on the lived experiences of pregnant and parenting adolescents in the two sites. Following the baseline survey, adolescent mothers will be individually randomly assigned to one of three study arms: arm one (adolescent mothers' clubs only); arm two (adolescent mothers' clubs + subsidized childcare), and arm three (adolescent mothers' clubs + subsidized childcare + cash transfer). At endline, we will re-administer the structured survey and assess the average treatment effect across the three groups following intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis, comparing school or vocational training attendance during the intervention period. We will also compare baseline and endline measures of SRH and mental health outcomes. Between the baseline and endline survey, we will conduct a process evaluation to examine the acceptability and feasibility of the interventions and to track the implementation of the interventions. DISCUSSION: Our research will generate evidence that provides insights on interventions that can enable adolescent mothers to continue their education, as well as improve their SRH and mental health. We aim to maximize the translation of the evidence into policy and action through sustained engagement from inception with key stakeholders and decision makers and strategic communication of research findings. Trial registration number AEARCTR-0009115, May 15, 2022.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Cuidado da Criança , Gravidez , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Burkina Faso , Malaui , Saúde Reprodutiva , Projetos Piloto , Mães , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
10.
Invest. educ. enferm ; 41(3): 77-90, 20231103. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1518854

RESUMO

Objective. To understand the effect of digital applications on maternal and neonatal outcomes in young pregnant girls. Methods. A PubMed, CINAHL and Medline online database search was conducted, and related studies were included the databases were searched in order to carry out a more in detailed search of the available literature utilizing keywords like "digital technology"; "adolescent mothers"; and "infant, newborn", as well as Boolean operators to generate papers pertinent which were correlating with the objective of the study. Results.The findings revealed that the PPPs employed produced both positive and negative effects on mothers and newborns. Some were effective, especially in aspects related to improved mental health, while others did not necessarily support the adolescents in preparing for pregnancy and childbirth, but rather raised their anxiety levels. Similarly, the use of these apps decreased the use of emergency neonatal services by the adolescent mothers and the infants were lower in likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding. Participants appreciated the social media-based instruction, but this exposure did not translate into considerable change in routines and behaviors.


Objetivo. Conocer el efecto de las aplicaciones digitales en los resultados maternos y neonatales en jóvenes embarazadas. Métodos. Se realizó una estrategia de búsqueda en las bases de datos en línea PubMed, CINAHL y Medline utilizando los términos "digital technology"; "adolescent mothers"; y "infant, newborn", y operadores booleanos. Resultados. Los hallazgos revelaron que las APPs empleadas produjeron efectos tanto positivos como negativos sobre las madres y los neonatos. Algunas fueron efectivas, especialmente en los aspectos relacionados con la mejoría en la salud mental, mientras que otras nó ayudaron necesariamente a las adolescentes a prepararse para el embarazo y el parto, sino que más bien elevaron sus niveles de ansiedad. Del mismo modo, el uso de estas aplicaciones disminuyó la utilización de servicios neonatales de urgencia por las madres adolescentes y los neonatos tuvieron menor probabilidad de tener lactancia materna exclusiva. Las participantes apreciaron la instrucción basada en los medios sociales, pero esta exposición no se tradujo en un cambio considerable de rutinas y hábitos. Conclusión. Las soluciones digitales y basadas en la web tuvieron la capacidad de influir en los resultados de los embarazos de adolescentes, pero se requiere de otras investigaciones para evaluar hasta qué punto son útiles estos servicios de apoyo en este grupo poblacional.


Objetivo. Conhecer o efeito dos aplicativos digitais nos resultados maternos e neonatais em gestantes jovens. Métodos. Foi realizada uma estratégia de busca nas bases de dados online PubMed/Medline e CINAHL e utilizando os termos "tecnologia digital"; "mães adolescentes"; e "bebê, recém-nascido" e operadores booleanos. Resultados. Os resultados revelaram que os APPs utilizados produziram efeitos positivos e negativos nas mães e nos neonatos. Alguns foram eficazes, especialmente em termos de melhoria da saúde mental, enquanto outros não ajudaram necessariamente os adolescentes a prepararem-se para a gravidez e o parto, mas antes aumentaram os seus níveis de ansiedade. Da mesma forma, o uso desses aplicativos diminuiu a utilização de serviços neonatais de emergência por mães adolescentes e os neonatos tiveram menor probabilidade de serem amamentados exclusivamente. Os participantes apreciaram a instrução baseada nas redes sociais, mas esta exposição não se traduziu em mudanças consideráveis nas rotinas e hábitos. Conclusão. As soluções digitais e baseadas na web tiveram a capacidade de influenciar os resultados da gravidez na adolescência, mas são necessárias mais pesquisas para avaliar até que ponto estes serviços de apoio são úteis neste grupo populacional.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Tecnologia Digital , Mães Adolescentes
11.
Health Commun ; 38(12): 2750-2756, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37786994

RESUMO

This study replicates from a cross-sectional study about how young Latina teen viewers identify with and socially compare to teen mothers on MTV's Teen Mom over time. Identification and social comparison effects on attitudes toward teen pregnancy were assessed among the same group of Latina teen viewers at two different time points approximately one year apart. Results determined that upward social comparison and identification were associated with positive attitudes toward teen pregnancy in eighth grade, whereas downward social comparison was associated with negative attitudes toward teen pregnancy in ninth grade. Implications for teen mom reality programming audiences are discussed.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Gravidez na Adolescência , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Comparação Social , Atitude , Mães
12.
Reprod Health ; 20(1): 146, 2023 Oct 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37794372

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy, and childbirth can encounter many challenges for the teen mother, family, and health system. The simultaneity of two transition periods, i.e. transition to adulthood and post-partum period may disrupt the acceptance of new roles. Lack of knowledge, information and life skills in managing this situation may threaten the physical and mental health of the mother, and child, as well as reduce the level of role adaptation. One way to increase women's empowerment in postpartum care is self-efficacy promotion training program. The current mixed methods study will be conducted to provide an interventional program sensitive to the culture of the Iranian society for adolescent mothers to improve their self-efficacy. METHOD: This study will be conducted as an exploratory sequential mixed methods study (Qual-quan) based on a pragmatism paradigm in four phases. In the first phase, a qualitative study will be performed using a directed content analysis method to explore the needs and strategies related to promote postpartum self-efficacy from the viewpoint of teen mothers, their family, healthcare providers, and policymakers. In the second phase, using a scoping review, self-efficacy promotion strategies, and postpartum care service packages, programs, guidelines, and protocols in other countries will be identified. In the third phase, with integrating the results of qualitative phase and scoping review, the first draft of program will be developed, and validated by an expert panel based on the Delphi approach in three rounds. In the last step, the effectiveness of the interventional program will be evaluated on postpartum self-efficacy of teen mother. DISCUSSION: Developing an interventional program that includes teen mother's experiences, evidence based practice principles, and health staff opinions in a distinct cultural and social context can supply new direction to lead manager, policymakers, and other health care provider to improve the maternal self-efficacy in infant, family, and self-care with considering their age characteristics.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Poder Familiar , Gravidez , Lactente , Criança , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Autocuidado , Irã (Geográfico) , Autoeficácia , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto
13.
East Mediterr Health J ; 29(9): 699-707, 2023 Sep 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37776131

RESUMO

Background: Adolescent motherhood can cause lifelong health inequalities for mothers and children. Aims: To compare the frequency of negative birth outcomes and stunting among children aged ≤ 5 years born to adolescent and non-adolescent mothers. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey data of 2755 adolescent and non-adolescent mothers aged 15-49 years who had a negative birth outcome and their children aged 0-5 years in Türkiye. The data were analysed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Term low birthweight and stunting were significantly higher among children of adolescent mothers. Multivariable analysis revealed that lack of education, poverty, and living in eastern Türkiye increased the risk of delivering a term low birthweight infant. The risk of being stunted was 2.22 times higher among women with lower socioeconomic status, and 2.86 times higher among low birthweight infants. Conclusion: Our results show that macroenvironmental factors have a marked impact on maternal and child health, especially among women with lower socioeconomic status. Improving maternal education, income, and other socioeconomic inequalities can help improve maternal and child health in Türkiye.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Mães , Lactente , Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Peso ao Nascer , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Pobreza
14.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 23(1): 672, 2023 Sep 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37726658

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding behaviors are strongly influenced by self-efficacy. This research aimed to determine the effect of breastfeeding counseling based on the Ready Set Baby (RSB) education program on self-efficacy and breastfeeding performance in adolescent mothers. METHODS: In 2022, a parallel randomized clinical trial was carried out in Hamadan city's comprehensive health centers, involving 64 pregnant teenagers. The block randomization method was employed to divide the participants into two groups. The data collection instruments were a demographic characteristics questionnaire, a breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire, and the Bristol breastfeeding checklist. Three individual counseling sessions during pregnancy were conducted based on the "RSB" program. The ANCOVA was used for comparing groups. The statistical analyst was blinded to the group assignment. RESULTS: The study included 64 participants with a mean age of 16.97(1.30) years, data from 60 participants were analyzed. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups were relatively similar (P > 0.05). Following the intervention, self-efficacy and breastfeeding performance scores were measured and adjusted for confounding factors. The mean scores for self-efficacy were 116.03(20.64) and 100.02(20.64) (P < 0.005), with effect size 0.77 [MD = 16.01 (95% CI: 5.34,26.67)], and the mean scores for breastfeeding performance were 6.30(2.07) and 4.12(2.07) (P < 0.002), with effect size 1.05 [MD = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.11,3.24)] in the intervention and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The Ready Set Baby education program's breastfeeding counseling for primiparous adolescent pregnant women significantly boosted their self-efficacy and performance in breastfeeding. Given the crucial role of breastfeeding in ensuring the well-being of both mother and child, further research is imperative to identify suitable and impactful interventions that can encourage breastfeeding practices among adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial protocol of this study has been registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials at 08/09/2021. The registration reference is IRCT20200530047596N3.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Tocologia , Gravidez , Adolescente , Lactente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Aleitamento Materno , Irã (Geográfico) , Autoeficácia , Aconselhamento
15.
East. Mediterr. health j ; 29(9): 699-707, 2023-09.
Artigo em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-377223

RESUMO

Background:Adolescent motherhood can cause lifelong health inequalities for mothers and children.Aims:To compare the frequency of negative birth outcomes and stunting among children aged ≤ 5 years born to adolescent and non-adolescent mothers.Methods:This was a secondary analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey data of 2755 adolescent and nonadolescent mothers aged 15–49 years who had a negative birth outcome and their children aged 0–5 years in Türkiye. The data were analysed using SPSS version 25.0.Results:Term low birthweight and stunting were significantly higher among children of adolescent mothers. Multivariable analysis revealed that lack of education, poverty, and living in eastern Türkiye increased the risk of delivering a term low birthweight infant. The risk of being stunted was 2.22 times higher among women with lower socioeconomic status, and 2.86 times higher among low birthweight infants.Conclusion:Our results show that macroenvironmental factors have a marked impact on maternal and child health, especially among women with lower socioeconomic status. Improving maternal education, income, and other socioeconomic inequalities can help improve maternal and child health in Türkiye


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Peso ao Nascer , Transtornos do Crescimento , Mães , Pobreza
16.
PLoS One ; 18(6): e0287265, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37315051

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Over the past decades the number of young people using disability pensions (DP) has gradually increased in Europe but the reasons for this change are poorly understood. We hypothesize that teenage parenthood could be associated with an increased risk of receiving early DP. The aim of this study was to examine the association between having a first child at age 13-19 and receiving DP at age 20-42 (here called early DP). METHODS: A longitudinal cohort study was undertaken based on national register data obtained from 410,172 individuals born in Sweden in 1968, 1969, and 1970. Teenage mothers and fathers were followed until age 42 and compared to non-teenage parent counterparts to examine their early receipt of DP. Descriptive analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves, and Cox regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: The proportion of teenage parents was more than twice higher in the group that received early DP (16%) compared to the group that did not receive early DP (6%) during the study duration. A higher proportion of teenage mothers and fathers started to receive DP at 20-42 years old compared to non-teenage parents, and the difference between the two groups increased during the observation period. A strong association was observed between being a teenage parent and receiving early DP, significant both independently and after adjusting for the year of birth and the father's level of education. From the age of 30 to 42 years, teenage mothers used early DP more often than teenage fathers or non-teenage parents, and this difference also increased during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: A strong association was found between teenage parenthood and the use of DP between 20 and 42 years of age. Teenage mothers used DP more than teenage fathers and non-teenage parents.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Pensões , Criança , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estudos Longitudinais , Escolaridade , Europa (Continente)
17.
Nutr Health ; 29(3): 369-375, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37331967

RESUMO

Background: Adolescent pregnancies are a global problem occurring in many countries. Adolescent pregnancy is a risk factor for stunting in children. Aim: This study was designed to develop and evaluation of nursing interventions to prevent stunting in children of adolescent mothers. Methods: A mixed-methods explanatory sequential design with two phases approach will be applied. Phase I is a qualitative phenomenology descriptive study that will be used. Participants will be adolescent pregnant women from several community health centers (Puskesmas) and healthcare staff in a community public center (Puskesmas) will be selected by purposive sampling. The study will be conducted at community health centers (Puskesmas) in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data will be gathered through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions and analyzed using thematic analysis. Subsequently, an experimental pre-post-test design with a control group will be used to measure the effectiveness of the nursing intervention on preventing stunting among adolescent mothers in the quantitative phase by behavior toward stunting prevention for adolescent pregnancy and the nutritional status of children. Conclusion: This study will provide insight from both adolescent mothers' and healthcare staff's perspectives on stunting prevention including nutrition of adolescent pregnancy and breastfeeding. We will evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of nursing intervention in preventing stunting. This will contribute to the international literature on the use of healthcare staff at community health services (puskesmas) to achieve linear growth due to prolonged food insecurity and illnesses in childhood.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Mães , Adolescente , Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Gravidez , Lactente , Estado Nutricional , Transtornos do Crescimento/prevenção & controle , Transtornos do Crescimento/etiologia , Gestantes
18.
Rev. cient. Esc. Univ. Cienc. Salud ; 10(1): 6-17, ene.-jun. 2023. graf., ilus., tab.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BIMENA | ID: biblio-1555968

RESUMO

Aunque hay avances en la ciencia del cuidado de enfermería, se tiene la necesidad de ahondar en el conocimiento del personal de enfermería en el contexto de salud de Honduras sobre el papel fundamental en los cuidados que brinda a las adolescentes durante el puerperio, para la detección de signos y síntomas de alarma, prevención de complicaciones, mediante el cumplimiento de los protocolos de la norma nacional materno neonatal. Objetivo: el propósito del presente estudio fue describir los cuidados de enfermería para disminuir los riesgos obstétricos en el puerperio inmediato de las adolescentes, en el Hospital Leonardo Martínez Valenzuela, San Pedro Sula, Cortés, en el período de abril a noviembre, del año 2022. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio mixto, diseño observacional-anidado. Las muestras en la fase cuantitativa probabilística, 118 puérperas adolescentes y la observación realizada al personal de enfermería estuvo conformada por 4 licenciadas y 16 auxiliares de enfermería. La fase cualitativa fue de 6 profesionales, 16 auxiliares de enfermería y 16 puérperas adolescentes por muestreo no probabilístico. Instrumentos tipo cuestionario, observación, entrevista y grupo focal. Resultados: De las 118 puérperas 72 (61%) estaban en el rango de 14-16 años y el grado de educación que predominó fue 47 (39.8%) secundaria incompleta, 98 (83.1%) se encontraba en su primera gesta. Se encontró que 99 (83.90%) de madres adolescentes refirieron que siempre le tomaron los signos vitales; sin embargo, se observó que el personal de enfermería en el área de expulsivo no realiza este cuidado. Entre las dificultades expresadas por el personal se encuentran: "la rebeldía de las adolescentes, al no dejar que las revisen y desconfianza". Conclusión: se concluye que los cuidados de enfermería brindados a la puérpera adolescente, se cumplen parcialmente; ya que se centran en una atención generalizada, enmarcando las dificultades en el cuidado que el personal de enfermería enfrenta como ser: la rebeldía e inmadurez, para prevenir riesgos en estas jóvenes...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Período Pós-Parto , Mães Adolescentes , Obstetrícia
19.
BMC Public Health ; 23(1): 798, 2023 05 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37127687

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The persistently high rates of maternal mortality and morbidity among historically marginalised social groups, such as adolescent Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India, can be attributed, in part, to the low utilisation of full antenatal healthcare services. Despite efforts by the Indian government, full antenatal care (ANC) usage remains low among this population. To address this issue, it is crucial to determine the factors that influence the utilisation of ANC services among adolescent SC/ST mothers. However, to date, no national-level comprehensive study in India has specifically examined this issue for this population. Our study aims to address this research gap and contribute to the understanding of how to improve the utilisation of ANC services among adolescent SC/ST mothers in India. DATA AND METHODS: Data from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4) was used. The outcome variable was full antenatal care (ANC). A pregnant mother was considered to have 'full ANC' only when she had at least four ANC visits, at least two tetanus toxoid (TT) injections, and consumed 100 or more iron-folic acid (IFA) tablets/syrup during her pregnancy. Bivariate analysis was used to examine the disparity in the coverage of full ANC. In addition, binary logistic regression was used to understand the net effect of predictor variables on the coverage of full ANC. RESULTS: The utilisation of full antenatal care (ANC) among adolescent SC/ST mothers was inadequate, with only 18% receiving full ANC. Although 83% of Indian adolescent SC/ST mothers received two or more TT injections, the utilisation of the other two vital components of full ANC was low, with only 46% making four or more ANC visits and 28% consuming the recommended number of IFA tablets or equivalent amount of IFA syrup. There were statistically significant differences in the utilisation of full ANC based on the background characteristics of the participants. The statistical analysis showed that there was a significant association between the receipt of full ANC and factors such as religion (OR = 0.143, CI = 0.044-0.459), household wealth (OR = 5.505, CI = 1.804-16.800), interaction with frontline health workers (OR = 1.821, CI = 1.241-2.670), and region of residence in the Southern region (OR = 3.575, CI = 1.917-6.664). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the study highlights the low utilisation of full antenatal care services among Indian adolescent SC/ST mothers, with only a minority receiving the recommended number of ANC visits and consuming the required amount of IFA tablets/syrup. Addressing social determinants of health and recognising the role of frontline workers can be crucial in improving full ANC coverage among this vulnerable population. Furthermore, targeted interventions tailored to the unique needs of different subgroups of adolescent SC/ST mothers are necessary to achieve optimal maternal and child health outcomes.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Cuidado Pré-Natal , Criança , Adolescente , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Classe Social , Ácido Fólico , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Ferro , Toxoide Tetânico , Índia/epidemiologia
20.
Glob Public Health ; 18(1): 2206465, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37158293

RESUMO

Adolescent mothers face numerous challenges. This study aimed to address the operationalisation of the new South African national policy for young mothers by testing the associations of potential protective provisions with three policy goals: School return, grade promotion, and pregnancy/HIV prevention. Adolescent mothers aged 12-24 from rural and urban communities of South Africa's Eastern Cape completed study questionnaires between 2017-2019. Using multivariate multi-level analysis, we simultaneously estimated associations between hypothesized provisions and protective variables and all policy-aligned goals. School return was associated with using formal childcare services, higher confidence and self-efficacy scores, and remaining in school throughout pregnancy. Grade promotion was associated with greater exposure to friendly and respectful health staff, using formal childcare services, higher confidence and self-efficacy scores, and remaining in school throughout pregnancy. Pregnancy/HIV prevention (condom use) was moderately associated with greater exposure to friendly and respectful health staff. There was evidence of synergies of provisions whereby a combination of protective characteristics showed larger positive effects than receipt of any single factor alone. This study provides essential evidence for operationalising South Africa's new policy on the Prevention and Management of Learner Pregnancy in Schools, and points to implementation strategies that provide low-cost opportunities to promote educational and health outcomes for adolescent mothers.


Assuntos
Mães Adolescentes , Infecções por HIV , Gravidez , Feminino , Adolescente , Humanos , África do Sul , Estudos Transversais , Objetivos , Políticas , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle
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