RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: A lower ability to buffer pulse pressure (PP) in the face of increasing mean arterial pressure (MAP) may underlie the disproportionate increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in women from young adulthood through middle-aged relative to men. AIM: To evaluate the contribution of MAP to the change in PP and pressure wave contour in men and women from young adulthood to middle age. METHODS: Central pressure waveform was obtained from radial artery applanation tonometry in 312 hypertensive patients between 16 to 49 years (134 women, mean age 35 ± 9 years), 185 of whom were on antihypertensive treatment. RESULTS: Higher MAP levels (≥ 100 mmHg) were significantly associated with higher brachial and central SBP (P < 0.001), PP (P < 0.001), incident wave (P = 0.005), AP (P < 0.001), and PWV (P < 0.001) compared to lower MAP levels. The relationship between MAP and brachial PP (P < 0.001), central PP (P < 0.001), incident wave (P < 0.001), and AP (P < 0.01), but not PWV, strengthens with age. The age-related increase in the contribution of MAP to brachial PP (P < 0.001), central PP (P < 0.001), and incident wave (P < 0.001) was more prominent in women than in men beginning in the fourth decade. In multiple regression analyses, MAP remained a significantly stronger predictor of central PP and incident wave in women than in men, independent of age, heart rate, and antihypertensive treatment. In turn, age remained a significantly stronger predictor of central PP and incident wave in women than in men, independent of MAP, heart rate, and antihypertensive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Women of reproductive age showed a steeper increase in PP with increasing MAP, despite comparable increases in arterial stiffness in both sexes. The difference was driven by a greater contribution of MAP to the forward component of the pressure wave in women.
Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos , Pressão Arterial , Hipertensão , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Etários , Adulto Jovem , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Rigidez Vascular , Manometria , Fatores de Risco , Artéria Radial/fisiologia , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Newborn infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit require arterial cannulation for hemodynamic monitoring and blood sampling. Arterial access is achieved through catheterization of umbilical or peripheral arteries. Peripheral artery cannulation is performed in critically ill newborns, but artery localization and cannulation is often challenging and unsuccessful. Therefore, increasing the internal diameter and preventing vasospasm are important for successful peripheral artery cannulation in neonates. Topical glyceryl trinitrate has the potential to increase cannulation success by relaxing arterial smooth muscles and thus increasing the internal diameter. We aim to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topycal glyceryl trinitrate in increasing the diameter of the radial artery in neonates. METHODS/DESIGN: This study will be a single-center, observer-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia. A total of 60 infants born at >34 weeks of gestation who are admitted for elective surgery or medical reasons and for whom a peripheral arterial line is needed for sampling or blood pressure monitoring will be recruited after informed parental consent is obtained. The primary outcome will be the change in radial arterial diameter from baseline to postintervention. Secondary outcomes will be the absolute and percentage change from baseline in the radial arterial diameter in both limbs and safety (hypotension and methemoglobinemia). DISCUSSION: This will be the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the use of topical glyceryl trinitrate to facilitate peripheral artery cannulation in neonates. If our pilot randomized controlled trial confirms the benefits of glyceryl trinitrate patches, it will pave the way for large multicenter randomized controlled trials in this field.
Assuntos
Cateterismo Periférico , Nitroglicerina , Lactente , Criança , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Nitroglicerina/uso terapêutico , Artéria Radial , Cateterismo Periférico/efeitos adversos , Austrália Ocidental , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Estudos Multicêntricos como AssuntoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device is a minimally invasive endovascular treatment option for patients with cerebral aneurysms. Transradial access (TRA) is a technique that involves accessing the arterial system through the radial artery in the wrist rather than the femoral artery in the groin. Several studies have investigated the use of TRA for WEB device deployment in treating intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the TRA for WEB device deployment in treating intracranial aneurysms. The databases PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. To reduce the risk of bias, this systematic review only included studies reporting on using TRA in WEB device deployment for intracranial aneurysm treatment with a minimum of four patients. RESULTS: In this systematic review, 186 patients were included across five studies, with TRA used in 183 cases analyzed. The study population had a higher proportion of females (n = 118%-69%) than males, with a mean age of 62 years old. Among the aneurysms treated, 46 were ruptured, and 119 were located at bifurcation sites, with a mean maximum diameter/width of 6.6 mm and mean height of 5.9 mm. Adjunctive coiling was used in three cases, and adjunctive stenting was used in nine cases. In two cases, conversion to a femoral artery access was necessary. CONCLUSION: The available results suggest TRA with the WEB device is a safe and effective alternative. However, using TRA versus TFA should be individualized based on patient factors and operator experience.
Assuntos
Procedimentos Endovasculares , Aneurisma Intracraniano , Artéria Radial , Humanos , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Embolização Terapêutica/instrumentação , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/terapia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Radial/cirurgia , StentsRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: A novel arterial access distally on the radial artery through the anatomical snuffbox has been recently described for coronary interventional procedures. However, there is insufficient data comparing the advantages and limitations of distal transradial access (dTRA), conventional transradial access (TRA), and transfemoral access (TFA). The aim of this study was to compare the three access sites regarding local pain and complications during or after coronary interventional procedures. METHODS: This prospective observational single-center study included 211 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention, divided into three groups: dTRA (n=69), TRA (n=71), and TFA (n=71). The access site was chosen at the discretion of three operators. We administered a questionnaire to all patients, addressing local pain or discomfort during or after the procedure and the occurrence of possible complications such as distal pallor, local bleeding, and purple color on the access site. RESULTS: Pain on the access site during the procedure was reported more frequently in the TRA group (dTRA 15.9% vs. TRA 32.4% vs. TFA 15.5%). There were no differences in the occurrence of local pain after the procedure in all three groups (29.6% in the dTRA group, 28.2% in the TRA group, and 26.8% in the TFA group). Pain intensity, when it occurred, was higher in the dTRA group (dTRA 5.8 vs. TRA 4.8 vs. TFA 4.6 on a 1-10 scale), as was its duration (dTRA 13.7 vs. TRA 7.6 vs. TFA 8.2 days). Only two local bleeding events were reported, both in the TFA group. No major complications were recorded. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of local pain on the puncture site after coronary interventional procedures did not differ among the three groups. The dTRA group presented a lower incidence of pain during the procedure when compared to TRA and a lower incidence of purple color when compared to TFA. However, pain intensity and duration were higher in the dTRA group when pain was reported. Using dTRA for coronary procedures is a feasible and safe strategy in selected cases.
Assuntos
Artéria Radial , Artéria FemoralRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) through transradial access (TRA) is emerging as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy. However, the current evidence base is limited, mainly comprising single-center studies. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the safety and effectiveness of TRA for CAS, providing evidence to support clinical decisions. METHODS: We conducted searches on PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases, including studies on TRA for CAS. Studies with fewer than 20 patients, non-primary outcomes, and non-full-text articles were excluded. RESULTS: We analyzed 14 studies involving 1,166 patients who underwent CAS via TRA. Procedural success rate was high in 13 studies, with a 95% rate (95% CI; 92%-98%). Crossover to TFA access was observed in 12 studies at 6% (95% CI: 3%-9%). Transradial access failure was reported in four studies, with a rate of 0% (95% CI: 0%-0%). Cannulation failure resulted in a rate of 4% (95% CI: 2%-7%). Asymptomatic radial artery occlusion (ARAO) occurred at a rate of 2% based on eight studies (95% CI: 0%-5%). Forearm hematoma was reported in 10 studies, with an occurrence of 1% (95% CI: 0%-2%). Cerebral vascular attacks (CAV) within 30 days were assessed in 13 studies, indicating a 2% occurrence (95% CI: 1%-2%). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that TRA for CAS yields promising outcomes with high success rates and low complication rates. Further research should focus on randomized controlled trials and long-term outcomes to validate and extend findings.
Assuntos
Cateterismo Periférico , Artéria Radial , Humanos , Estenose das Carótidas/cirurgia , Estenose das Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Cateterismo Periférico/instrumentação , Cateterismo Periférico/métodos , StentsRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to compare the traditional radial artery, distal radial artery, and transfemoral artery, which are vascular access sites for coronary angiography, in terms of pain level using the visual analog scale. METHODS: Between April 2021 and May 2022, consecutive patients from three centers were included in our study. A total of 540 patients, 180 from each of the traditional radial artery, distal radial artery , and transfemoral artery groups, were included. The visual analog scale was applied to the patients as soon as they were taken to bed. RESULTS: When the visual analog scale was compared between the groups, it was found to be significantly different (transfemoral artery: 2.7±1.6, traditional radial artery: 3.9±1.9, and distal radial artery: 4.9±2.1, respectively, p<0.001). When the patients were classified as mild, moderate, and severe based on the visual analog scale score, a significant difference was found between the groups in terms of body mass index, process time, access time, and number of punctures (p<0.001). Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis, body mass index>29.8 kg/m2 predicted severe pain with 72.5% sensitivity and 73.2% specificity [(area under the curve: 0.770, 95%CI: 0.724-0.815, p<0.0001)]. CONCLUSION: In our study, we found that the femoral approach caused less access site pain and a high body mass index predicts severe pain.
Assuntos
Cateterismo Cardíaco , Artéria Radial , Humanos , Angiografia Coronária , Artéria Radial/diagnóstico por imagem , Fatores de Tempo , Dor/etiologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Los avances en el área de la salud, con el desarrollo de nuevos procedimientos diagnósticos y quirúrgicos, requieren un conocimiento cada vez más preciso de la anatomía humana. La difusión de la disposición variable de la anatomía resulta primordial no sólo en el campo de la especialización o el postgrado, sino por sobre todo, en el pregrado, desde donde se formarán los especialistas que luego desarrollarán esas nuevas prácticas clínicas y quirúrgicas que requerirán una sólida formación anatómica. Es por esto que la aplicación correcta de técnicas anatómicas en las muestras anatómicas es fundamental para que esta enseñanza en el pregrado pueda desarrollarse de manera eficiente, teniendo la plastinación un rol fundamental en este sentido. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en dar a conocer el hallazgo de variaciones anatómicas arteriales en los miembros superiores de una muestra humana sometida al proceso de plastinación para fomentar, por un lado, la importancia del conocimiento anatómico en el pregrado, el postgrado y las especialidades, como así también la relevancia de la preservación a largo plazo de material biológico para la difusión continua de la anatomía.
SUMMARY: Advances in the area of health with the development of new diagnostic and surgical procedures require an increasingly precise knowledge of human anatomy. The diffusion of the variable arrangement of anatomy is essential not only in the field of specialization or postgraduate, but above all, in the undergraduate, from where the specialists will be trained who will later develop these new clinical and surgical practices that will require a solid anatomical background. This is why the correct application of anatomical techniques in anatomical samples is essential for this undergraduate teaching to be developed efficiently, plastination having a fundamental role in this regard. The aim of this work was to report the discovery of anatomical variations in the upper limbs of a human sample subjected to the plastination process to promote, on one hand, the importance of anatomical knowledge in undergraduate, postgraduate and specialties, as well as the relevance of long- term preservation of biological material for the continued dissemination of anatomy.
Assuntos
Humanos , Artéria Ulnar/anatomia & histologia , Artéria Radial/anatomia & histologia , Extremidade Superior/irrigação sanguínea , Variação Anatômica , PlastinaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The transradial approach (TRA) to coronary angiography reduces vascular complications but is associated with greater radiation exposure than the transfemoral approach (TFA). It is unknown whether exposure remains higher when TRA is performed by experienced operators. METHODS: Patients were randomly, prospectively assigned to TRA or TFA. The primary end point was patient radiation dose; secondary end points were the physician radiation dose and 30-day major adverse cardiac event rate. Coronary angiography was performed by experienced operators using a standardized protocol. RESULTS: Clinical and procedural characteristics were similar between the TRA (n = 150) and TFA (n = 149) groups, and they had comparable mean (SD) radiation doses for patients (616.51 [252] vs 585.57 [225] mGy; P = .13) and physicians (0.49 [0.3] vs 0.46 [0.29] mSv; P = .32). The mean (SD) fluoroscopy time (3.52 [2.02] vs 3.13 [2.46] min; P = .14) and the mean (SD) dose area product (35,496.5 [15,670] vs 38,313.4 [17,764.9] mGy·cm2; P = .2) did not differ. None of the following factors predicted higher radiation doses: female sex (hazard ratio [HR], 0.69 [95% CI, 0.38-1.3]; P = .34), body mass index >25 (HR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.43-1.6]; P = .76), age >65 years (HR, 1.67 [95% CI, 0.89-3.1]; P = .11), severe valve disease (HR, 1.37 [95% CI, 0.52-3.5]; P = .68), or previous coronary artery bypass graft (HR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.2-1.8; P = .38). CONCLUSION: TRA for elective coronary angiography is noninferior to TFA when performed by experienced operators.
Assuntos
Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Exposição à Radiação , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Angiografia Coronária/efeitos adversos , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Exposição à Radiação/efeitos adversos , Exposição à Radiação/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Tempo , Artéria Radial , Artéria Femoral , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
One limitation to transradial access (TRA) is the occurrence of spasms (RAS), for which the use of prophylactic medications is recommended. Improvement in TRA material combined with the increase in operators' expertise, might mitigate this benefit. We assess the effect of preventive nitroglycerin on RAS during TRA, evaluating the role of the operator's experience. Patients received 500 µg nitroglycerin or placebo. The operator's expertise was classified as: inexperienced (I), intermediate (M), and experienced (E). 2040 patients were included. Prophylactic use of nitroglycerin did not reduce RAS (10.8% vs. 13.4% (placebo), p = 0.07). RAS incidence was 14.5% in I, 12.5% in M, and 9.7% in E (p = 0.01). In group I, nitroglycerin reduced RAS (17.4% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.04), which was not observed in other groups. Overall, nitroglycerin does not prevent RAS, which is more common among inexperienced operators. More experienced operators could abolish preventive nitroglycerin use.
Assuntos
Humanos , Vasodilatadores , Nitroglicerina , Espasmo/epidemiologia , Cateterismo Cardíaco/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Artéria RadialRESUMO
One limitation to transradial access (TRA) is the occurrence of spasms (RAS), for which the use of prophylactic medications is recommended. Improvement in TRA material combined with the increase in operators' expertise, might mitigate this benefit. We assess the effect of preventive nitroglycerin on RAS during TRA, evaluating the role of the operator's experience. Patients received 500 µg nitroglycerin or placebo. The operator's expertise was classified as: inexperienced (I), intermediate (M), and experienced (E). 2040 patients were included. Prophylactic use of nitroglycerin did not reduce RAS (10.8% vs. 13.4% (placebo), p = 0.07). RAS incidence was 14.5% in I, 12.5% in M, and 9.7% in E (p = 0.01). In group I, nitroglycerin reduced RAS (17.4% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.04), which was not observed in other groups. Overall, nitroglycerin does not prevent RAS, which is more common among inexperienced operators. More experienced operators could abolish preventive nitroglycerin use.
Assuntos
Nitroglicerina , Vasodilatadores , Humanos , Artéria Radial , Resultado do Tratamento , Cateterismo Cardíaco/efeitos adversos , Espasmo/diagnóstico , Espasmo/etiologia , Espasmo/prevenção & controleRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Left internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending artery (LITA-LADA) grafting has become a fundamental part of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This grafting has led to an increased use of other arterial conduits, of which the radial artery (RA) is the most popular. Whether RA can have the same long-term patency as LITA is controversial. The objective of this study is to access the long-term clinical follow-up and, when available, the patency rate of RA grafts. METHODS: Twenty-six patients from a previous study with critical stenosis in all target vessels underwent complete arterial CABG with LITA and RA grafts from 1996 to 2003. They all underwent midterm multidetector computed tomography after surgery with the association of at least one patent LITA and one patent RA graft. RESULTS: Twelve patients (46%) are alive with no angina symptoms. Six patients underwent a second image exam 12 to 16 years (average of 14 years) after surgery, with a total of six LITA-LADA and 14 RA grafts with 100% patency rate. Clinical follow-up five to 23 years after surgery (average of 14 years) showed only one death 12 years after surgery related to coronary artery disease (CAD) (3,8%). Another 12 patients died of non-CAD. CONCLUSION: Patients with midterm associated LITA and RA patent grafts show similar optimal long-term patency rates of both types of grafts with excellent clinical outcome.
Assuntos
Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Artéria Torácica Interna , Humanos , Artéria Radial/transplante , Resultado do Tratamento , Grau de Desobstrução Vascular , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/métodos , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/cirurgia , Artéria Torácica Interna/transplanteRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Distal transradial access (dTRA) as a refinement of the conventional transradial access (TRA) has advantages in terms of risk of radial artery occlusion (RAO). In order to evaluate the real-world feasibility and safety of dTRA as the default access site for routine coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a Latin-American centre, this prospective observational registry was conducted. METHODS: Consecutive patients with a prior assessment for CAG and/or PCI were enrolled in this single-centre prospective registry from October 2018 to March 2019. The primary endpoints were the success rate of CAG and PCI. Secondary endpoints included the success rate of puncture of the distal radial artery, complications at the puncture site and puncture time. RESULTS: The success rates of CAG and PCI were 100% (155/155) and 97% (69/71), respectively. Puncture time and fluoroscopic time were 52 ± 19 seconds and 16.3 ± 35.4 minutes, respectively. Haemostasis time was 142 ± 45 min. A total of 19 (12.5%) puncture site complications occurred, including 18 (11.6%) minor haematomas and one (0.6%) arterial perforation, in which the artery was patent at the one-month follow-up. Five patients complained of left thumb numbness at a one-month follow-up. No distal radial artery occlusion, pseudoaneurysm, or arteriovenous fistula occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The success and complication rates of ldTRA support the feasibility and safety of this procedure using the appropriate materials in previously selected patients.
Assuntos
Arteriopatias Oclusivas , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Humanos , Angiografia Coronária/efeitos adversos , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos de Viabilidade , Artéria Radial , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A high radial-femoral gradient has been described in complex cardiac surgery patients, but its association with organ dysfunction has not been studied well. The principal objective of this study was to analyze whether a high gradient is a significant risk factor for organ dysfunction. METHODS: Observational and prospective study. We measured the radial-femoral gradient at sternal closure. The sample was divided in 2 groups: Significant gradient (SG) and Without gradient (WG). We use non-parametric analysis. RESULTS: We analyzed data corresponding to 15 patients. The incidence of SG was 73% (11 patients). The anesthetic time was 540 min in SG group vs 438 min in WG, p = 0.04. We found a positive correlation with lactate and SG group, r2 0.8, p = 0.001. CONCLUSION: The radial-femoral gradient had a high incidence in this high risk population undergoing cardiac complex surgery. There was a positive correlation between significant gradient and lactate, which suggest that a high gradient probably is an indicator of hypoperfusion. We suggest monitoring patients with two artery lines in complex cardiac surgery for early detection of hypoperfusion.
INTRODUCCIÓN: El gradiente radial-femoral elevado ha sido descrito en pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca compleja, su asociación con disfunción de órganos no ha sido bien estudiada. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar si un gradiente alto es un factor de riesgo significativo de disfunción de órganos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, prospectivo. Medimos el gradiente radial-femoral al cierre esternal. La muestra se dividió en dos grupos: gradiente significativo (SG) y sin gradiente (WG). Usamos análisis no paramétrico. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron datos correspondientes a 15 pacientes. La incidencia de SG fue del 73% (11 pacientes). El tiempo anestésico fue de 540 min en el grupo SG vs 438 min en el WG, p = 0,04. Se encontró correlación positiva con el grupo lactato y el SG, r2 0,8, p = 0,001. CONCLUSIONES: El gradiente radialfemoral tuvo una alta incidencia en esta población de pacientes bajo cirugía compleja cardíaca. Encontramos una correlación positiva entre el gradiente significativo y el lactato, lo que sugiere que un gradiente alto probablemente es un indicador de hipoperfusión. Sugerimos monitorizar a los pacientes con dos líneas arteriales en cirugía cardíaca compleja para la detección temprana de hipoperfusión.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Hiperlactatemia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Artéria RadialRESUMO
SPeripheral sympathectomy is a procedure which has shown high rates of decreasing ischemic pain, recover functionality and wound healing, preventing the progression of the disease and further complications. We present a female patient with severe Raynaud´s phenomenon secondary to localized cutaneous systemic sclerosis complicated who presented digital ulcer treated with a sympathectomy of the radial and ulnar artery at the wrist level, undergoing post-operative follow-up.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Raynaud/cirurgia , Simpatectomia/métodos , Artéria Ulnar/inervação , Osteomielite , Doença de Raynaud/etiologia , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional/fisiologia , Esclerodermia Localizada , Escleroderma Sistêmico , Seguimentos , Artéria Radial/inervaçãoRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: O benefício do cateterismo por acesso transradial (ATR) já foi confirmado em pacientes do sexo feminino. As mulheres submetidas a exames por esta via de acesso apresentam desafios únicos, geralmente relacionados a um menor calibre arterial. A ocorrência de espasmo (EAR) e oclusão da artéria (OAR) após o procedimento também são descritas como maiores em mulheres. OBJETIVOS Avaliar o benefício do uso de nitroglicerina na redução de EAR e OAR em mulheres submetidas a ATR. MÉTODOS: Estudo multicêntrico, prospectivo, randomizado 2x2 fatorial, duplo-cego. Participantes foram randomizados para nitroglicerina 500 mcg ou placebo em dois momentos: após a colocação do introdutor hemostático e antes da retirada do introdutor. Todos os pacientes receberam hemostasia patente ou de pressão mínima. A avaliação de EAR foi clínica, através de escala numérica de dor (graduada de 0 a 10), e foi definida como presente nos casos em que seja maior que 6. A avaliação de OAR foi realizada com ultrassonografia com Doppler, realizada nas primeiras 12 horas após o procedimento. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 2040 pacientes, sendo 774 (37,5%) mulheres. A média de idade foi similar entre os sexos (62,2 anos vs. 61,5; p=0,27), mas as mulheres apresentaram maior IMC (29,3 vs. 28,1; p<0,01) e artérias radiais menores (2,33 mm vs. 2,74; p<0,01) A incidência de EAR foi maior nas mulheres (21,2% vs. 6,6%; p<0,01), bem como a incidência de OAR (3,4% vs. 1,8%; p=0,03). O uso da nitroglicerina no início do procedimento não reduziu a incidência de EAR em mulheres quando comparado com o placebo (19,7% vs. 22,6%; p=0,34), tão pouco as taxas de OAR (4,3% vs 2,5%; p=0,17). O uso da nitroglicerina ao final do procedimento não reduziu a incidência de OAR em mulheres (2,8% vs. 3,9%; p=0,37). CONCLUSÕES: O EAR e a OAR são mais frequentes em mulheres submetidas a cateterismo por ATR quando comparado aos homens. O uso da nitroglicerina não apresenta efeito benéfico na redução destas incidências, independente do momento de utilização.
Assuntos
Cateterismo , Nitroglicerina , Artéria RadialRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: O benefício do cateterismo por acesso transradial (ATR) está bem estabelecido, principalmente em intervenções coronárias, onde o uso de medicações aumenta o risco de sangramento. O uso da via no cateterismo diagnóstico permite maior conforto ao paciente e reduz complicações relacionadas com a via de acesso. A ocorrência de espasmo (EAR) e oclusão da artéria (OAR) são as complicações mais frequentes do ATR. O uso de introdutores de menor calibre poderia reduzir estas complicações. OBJETIVOS: Comparar a incidência de EAR e OAR em cateterismo diagnósticos, considerando-se o calibre do introdutor utilizado. MÉTODOS: Estudo multicêntrico, prospectivo, observacional. A escolha do introdutor a ser utilizado ficou a cargo do médico responsável pelo procedimento. Todos pacientes receberam heparina na dose de 5000 UI e receberam hemostasia patente ou de pressão mínima ao final do procedimento. A avaliação de EAR foi clínica, através de escala numérica de dor (graduada de 0 a 10), e foi definido como presente nos casos em que seja maior que 6. A avaliação de OAR foi realizada com ultrassonografia com Doppler, realizada nas primeiras 12 horas após o procedimento. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 1534 pacientes submetidos a cateterismo diagnóstico, sendo 625 (40,7%) mulheres. A maioria dos procedimentos foi em síndromes coronárias crônicas (61,5%). Foram utilizados introdutores 5F em 1185 (77,2%) e 6 F em 349 (22.8%), todos os procedimentos foram concluídos com o introdutor inicialmente escolhido, sem necessidade de troca. A relação introdutor: artéria foi maior que 1 em 43,4% dos pacientes no grupo 5F e 39,3%, no grupo 6F (p=0,19). A incidência de EAR foi igual nos dois calibres de introdutores utilizados (11,4% vs. 12,3%; p=0,63), bem como a incidência de OAR (2,8% vs. 2,0%; p=0,42). CONCLUSÕES: O EAR e a OAR tem frequência similar em cateterismo diagnósticos realizados com introdutores 5F ou 6F. O papel do hemodinamicista na escolha do calibre a ser utilizado pode ter colaborado com este resultado, visto que não houve diferença na relação de calibre entre introdutor: artéria nos dois grupos, portanto um trabalho randomizado poderia não apresentar o mesmo resultado.
Assuntos
Espasmo , Cateterismo , Artéria RadialRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: A distrofia muscular tipo cintura do quadril cursa com lesão progressiva e irreversível. Devido a fraqueza dos músculos respiratórios e orofaríngeos que podem estar presentes nesses pacientes, além de sensibilidade aumentada e prolongada a sedativos e analgésicos, potencializando o risco de aspiração e apneia de início tardio, a extubação pós procedimento pode ser dramática, podendo evoluir para insuficiência respiratória pós extubação. DESCRIÇÃO: Relatamos o caso de uma mulher obesa de 46 anos que apresentava quadro avançado, com necessidade do uso de suporte ventilatório não invasivo e decúbito lateral durante o sono. A mesma não tolerava decúbito dorsal com inclinação inferior a 60 graus e era portadora de síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White por via anômala lateral esquerda, refratária ao tratamento combinado de amiodarona e atenolol. Discutido com equipe de anestesiologia e considerado que intubação endotraqueal incorreria em alta probabilidade de desmame difícil, bem como provável traqueostomia pré-extubação. Após longa deliberação sobre o caso optado por realização do procedimento em posição semi- -sentada (60 graus, guiado pela orientação dada pela paciente). Pela obesidade e angulação de membros inferiores, tornou-se inviável punção femoral. Optamos então por punção radial com introdutor slender 6F/7F, que permitiu o uso de um cateter terapêutico e acesso retroaórtico via artéria radial direita. Apesar da variação da angulação da fluoroscopia, foi possível a abordagem com cateter oito mm curva média 7F com sucesso e sem intercorrências. Importante observar que o procedimento foi relativamente bem tolerado, exceto por momentos de dor em membro superior direito sugestivos de espasmo em artéria radial, prontamente revertidos com infusão em bólus de solução de nitroglicerina no introdutor radial. A paciente recebeu alta na manhã seguinte ao procedimento por protocolo institucional. CONCLUSÃO: O acesso radial deve ser considerado em raras situações e pode ser uma solução factível em casos específicos como esse.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White , Artéria Radial , Suporte Ventilatório Interativo , Distrofias Musculares , ObesidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND This article presents a case involving complications after intentional injection of crushed tablets into the arterial circulation, its diagnosis, and the treatment adopted. The diagnosis process illustrates the potential of techniques based on thermal imaging as tools to assess tissue perfusion. Inadvertent intravenous injection of crushed tablets is more common, but there are few reports on arterial circulation, and no studies were found on the self-injection of crushed morphine tablets, particularly into the radial artery. CASE REPORT A 51-year-old man with alcoholism and a history of illegal drug usage intentionally self-injected 3 crushed morphine tablets into his right radial artery. The patient progressed with compartment syndrome, requiring decompressive fasciotomy of the right forearm and ischemia of the right fingers, which were amputated. He presented with rhabdomyolysis and required dialysis. The patient agreed to full heparinization, corticotherapy, and the use of nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1. Due to the progression of the necrotic area, the patient underwent proximal phalanx excision and surgical reconstruction of the right-hand remnant. CONCLUSIONS The injection of morphine tablets into circulation caused severe complications, which led to the excision of the proximal phalanx and the surgical reconstruction of the remnant of the right hand. In the present case, infrared thermography proved to be an effective method in assessing tissue perfusion.