[The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 - Click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry]. / Prix Nobel de chimie 2022 - La chimie click et la chimie bio-orthogonale.

Title: Prix Nobel de chimie 2022 - La chimie click et la chimie bio-orthogonale. Abstract: Selon Sydney Brenner, lauréat du prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine en 2002, « les progrès de la science dépendent de nouvelles techniques, de nouvelles découvertes et de nouvelles idées, probablement dans cet ordre ¼. Le prix Nobel de chimie 2022 a été décerné à Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi (université de Stanford, États-Unis), Morten Peter Meldal (université de Copenhague, Danemark), et Karl Barry Sharpless (institut de recherche Scripps, La Jolla, États-Unis) pour le développement de la chimie click et de la chimie bio-orthogonale. Ce prix Nobel récompense dans une large mesure un développement conceptuel dans les techniques de synthèse chimique et de marquages des cellules, mais également des nouvelles découvertes, notamment en cancérologie. Morten Meldal et Barry Sharpless (qui obtient maintenant son deuxième prix Nobel de chimie, après celui de 2001 pour ses travaux sur la catalyse chirale de réactions d'oxydation) ont développé la chimie click, qui permet d'assembler des briques moléculaires rapidement et efficacement. Carolyn Bertozzi, quant à elle, a porté la chimie click à un autre niveau, en permettant son utilisation biologique sur des cellules et même chez l'animal in vivo.

The 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry.

The 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry recognized the development of biorthogonal chemical ligation reactions known as click chemistry in biomedicine. This concept has catalyzed significant progress in sensing and diagnosis, chemical biology, materials chemistry, and drug discovery and delivery. In proteomics, the ability to incorporate a click tag into proteins has propelled development of powerful new methods for selective enrichment of protein complexes that inform understanding of protein networks. It also has had a strong influence on the ability to enrich for protein post-translational modifications. This feature article summarizes the impacts of biorthogonal click chemistry on proteomics.

De la cicloadición de Huisgen a la química bioortogonal. Un comentario al premio Nobel de Química de 2022 / From the Huisgen cycloaddition to bioorthogonal chemistry. A commentary on the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

El primer logro de los galardonados con el Premio Nobel de Química de 2022, y en particular de Sharpless, es de tipo conceptual, y consistió en la propuesta del concepto de reacción click dentro de un cuerpo de doctrina general. En una segunda fase, tanto Sharpless como Meldal establecieron la catálisis de la cicloadición 1,3-dipolar de Huisgen por Cu(I), lo que llevó a su reconocimiento de como la primera reacción click y a su empleo generalizado en todos los campos de la química. Estos descubrimientos prepararon el terreno para el descubrimiento por Bertozzi de las reacciones click bioortogonales, aprovechando el incremento de reactividad asociado a la tensión anular de los derivados de ciclooctino. La influencia de estas ideas y descubrimientos ha sido enorme y ha conducido a grandes avances en diversos campos de la Química y la Biología. (AU)

The first achievement of the 2022 Chemistry Nobel Prize awardees, Sharpless in particular, was of a conceptual nature and consisted in the proposal of the click chemistry concept, together with its placement in a broader theoretical frame. In a second phase, both Sharpless and Meldal established the copper(I)-catalyzed conditions that allowed the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to be recognized as the first click reaction, which was broadly employed in all fields of chemistry. These discoveries laid the ground for the development by Bertozzi of bioorthogonal chemistry on the basis of the increased reactivity associated to ring strain in cyclooctyne derivatives. The influence of these ideas and discoveries has been widespread and has led to innumerable advances in many fields of Chemistry and Biology. (AU)

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022: Fulfilling Demanding Applications with Simple Reactions.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 was awarded jointly to Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal, and K. Barry Sharpless "for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry". Such rapid, selective, and nontoxic covalent reactions that link two components together under benign conditions have led to a paradigm shift in basic research and practical applications.

The Many Chemists Who Could Have Proposed the Woodward-Hoffmann Rules But Didn't: The Organic Chemists Who Knew of the Smoking Guns.

It is a reasonable question to ask, why, as of 1965 when the five Woodward-Hoffmann communications appeared, did no other organic chemist discover the orbital symmetry rules for pericyclic reactions? The previous two papers in this 27-paper series on the history of the Woodward-Hoffmann rules discussed the physical chemists, chemical physicists, and theoretical chemists who could have solved the pericyclic no-mechanism problem; and the organic chemists in whose laboratory many of the key hints to this problem were found but still did not solve the problem. The stories of 16 other chemists who knew of (at least portions of) the pericyclic no-mechanism problem are presented in this paper. Social, political, and scientific explanations are presented as partial rationalizations as to why none of these individuals - except Woodward with Hoffmann - solved the pericyclic no-mechanism problem.

Celebrating Women in Chemistry.

This special collection of Chemistry - An Asian Journal features contributions made by female scientists working in the field of chemistry. In her editorial, Mihaiela C. Stuparu briefly describes the background that led to the conception of this special collection. The table of contents graphic was created by Lim Pei Xi.

Becoming Visible. Marie-Anne Paulze-Lavoisier and the Campaign for the "New Chemistry" (1770s-1790s).

This paper examines an episode of the history of chemistry, the campaign for the promotion of so-called "new chemistry," dating to the second half of the 1780s, to investigate the ways in which women could build their own reputation. I focus on the case of Marie-Anne Paulze-Lavoisier (1758-1836), today known as the wife and scientific associate of the French chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794). Drawing on a wide set of published and unpublished sources - laboratory notebooks, travel diaries, letters, and drawings - I will delve deeper into their collaboration, showing how Paulze-Lavoisier appropriated the campaign for the new chemistry to appear as a visible actor in the scientific circles of the time. I will then highlight the multiple self-representations she produced while participating in these events.

Interview with Prof.†Dr. Benjamin List: Nobel Laureate in Chemistry 2021.

In an interview with Benjamin List, winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, members of the Young Chemists' Network (JCF) of the German Chemical Society (GDCh) asked him about his science, his career, and the academic system. Benjamin List, Director at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung in Germany, was awarded the Nobel Prize together with David W. C. MacMillan (Princeton University, USA) for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis. After studying chemistry at the Free University of Berlin, he received his doctorate from Goethe University in Frankfurt. He discovered the amino acid proline to be an efficient catalyst and thus co-founded the field of organocatalysis. In 2016, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, which is considered the most important research award in Germany.

Exploring the ancient chemistry of mercury.

This paper explores the chemistry of mercury as described in ancient alchemical literature. Alchemy's focus on the knowledge and manipulation of natural substances is not so different from modern chemistry's purposes. The great divide between the two is marked by the way of conceptualizing and recording their practices. Our interdisciplinary research group, composed of chemists and historians of science, has set off to explore the cold and hot extraction of mercury from cinnabar. The ancient written records have been perused in order to devise laboratory experiments that could shed light on the material reality behind the alchemical narratives and interpret textual details in a unique perspective. In this way, it became possible to translate the technical lore of ancient alchemy into the modern language of chemistry. Thanks to the replication of alchemical practices, chemistry can regain its centuries-long history that has fallen into oblivion.