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This article is part of a series, Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute. Results of focus groups, conducted as part of the AARP Public Policy Institute's No Longer Home Alone video project, supported evidence that family caregivers aren't given the information they need to manage the complex care regimens of family members. This series of articles and accompanying videos aims to help nurses provide caregivers with the tools they need to manage their family member's health care at home. This new group of articles provides practical information nurses can share with family caregivers of persons living with pain. To use this series, nurses should read the articles first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers. Then they can refer caregivers to the informational tear sheet-Information for Family Caregivers-and instructional videos, encouraging them to ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses. Cite this article as: Horgas, A.L., et al. Assessing Pain in Older Adults. Am J Nurs 2022; 122 (12): 42-48.
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Cuidadores , Família , Humanos , Idoso , Grupos FocaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Pharmacists are in a distinctive position to champion opioid stewardship principles in communications with prescribers and patients. This effort is focused on elucidating perceived barriers to uphold these principles observed in pharmacy practice. DESIGN: Qualitative research study. SETTING: A healthcare system, consisting of inpatient and outpatient settings across several United States (US) states in both rural and academic settings. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six pharmacists who represented the study setting in the sole healthcare system. INTERVENTIONS: Five virtual focus groups were conducted with the 26 pharmacists from inpatient and outpatient settings across four states in both rural and academic settings. Trained moderators conducted 1-hour focus group meetings that consisted of a mix of poll and discussion questions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Participant questions were related to awareness, knowledge, and system issues affecting opioid stewardship. RESULTS: All pharmacists reported their routine follow-up with prescribers when questions or concerns arise but noted workload as a barrier to meticulous review of opioid prescriptions. Participants highlighted best practices, including transparency on the rationale for guideline exceptions to improve the management of after-hours concerns. Suggestions were integration of guidelines into prescriber and pharmacist order review workflows and a more visible prescriber review of prescription drug monitoring programs. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in communication and transparency of information related to opioid prescribing between pharmacists and prescribers would enhance opioid stewardship. Integration of opioid guidelines into opioid ordering and review would improve efficiency, guideline adherence, and, most importantly, patient care.
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Analgésicos Opioides , Farmacêuticos , Humanos , Estados Unidos , Analgésicos Opioides/efeitos adversos , Padrões de Prática Médica , Grupos Focais , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Today's nursing education environment requires a contemporary approach to teaching and learning that consistently challenges nurse educators to develop their expertise and embrace advanced teaching techniques. The application of neuroscience principles is one such approach. METHOD: For this descriptive study, nurse faculty (N = 16) attending a 10-week faculty development course were recruited to participate in focus groups. Discussion topics included the influences of a program using neuroscience principles to enrich an educator's teaching practice. RESULTS: Qualitative content analysis resulted in a model depicting a safe learning container contributing to a cognitive shift from teaching to learning in mind. Safe learning included communication of shared vulnerability, intentionality, and transparency. The shift required energy, risk taking, and time. CONCLUSION: The findings contribute to an increased understanding of how neuroscience principles are perceived through direct application by faculty using a novel approach to teaching and learning, thus advancing the science of nursing education. [J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(5):291-297.].
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Educação em Enfermagem , Humanos , Aprendizagem , Grupos Focais , Docentes de Enfermagem/psicologia , EnsinoRESUMO
Objectives: This study aimed to explore students' perspectives on the attributes of medical teachers as role models to students' professional behaviour in the educational process. Methods: A phenomenological study was conducted to obtain participants' perceptions concerning the professional attributes of medical teachers. The participants were 21 final-year medical students in the School of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, who had completed and passed the national examination. The participants were recruited purposively to represent genders and performance (i.e., high-performing and average-performing students). The participants were divided into two focus groups based on their performance, each facilitated by non-teaching faculty members to avoid bias. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze focus group transcripts by two independent coders. Codes were synthesized into themes related to the study aims. Results: Seven themes were identified related to observed role model attributes, for instance, passionate lecturers, caring and empathetic, supportive and involving, objectivity, incompetence and compromising, poor communication and conflict, and time management. Subsequently, five themes were identified in participants' responses towards the observed role model, for instance, exemplary models, respect and motivating, confusion and inconvenience, avoiding and hate, and value collision and harmonization. Conclusions: This study revealed a range of role model attributes and responded positively and negatively during learning encounters. As negative attributes are also prominent and observed by students, there is a need for medical schools to perform faculty development for the professional enhancement of medical teachers. Further study should be conducted to investigate the impact of role modelling on learning achievement and future medical practice.
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Educação de Graduação em Medicina , Estudantes de Medicina , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Grupos Focais , Docentes de Medicina , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/métodosRESUMO
Smart inhalers are electronic monitoring devices which are promising in increasing medication adherence and maintaining asthma control. A multi-stakeholder capacity and needs assessment is recommended prior to implementation in healthcare systems. This study aimed to explore perceptions of stakeholders and to identify anticipated facilitators and barriers associated with the implementation of smart digital inhalers in the Dutch healthcare system. Data were collected through focus group discussions with female patients with asthma (n = 9) and healthcare professionals (n = 7) and through individual semi-structured interviews with policy makers (n = 4) and smart inhaler developers (n = 4). Data were analysed using the Framework method. Five themes were identified: (i) perceived benefits, (ii) usability, (iii) feasibility, (iv) payment and reimbursement, and (v) data safety and ownership. In total, 14 barriers and 32 facilitators were found among all stakeholders. The results of this study could contribute to the design of a tailored implementation strategy for smart inhalers in daily practice.
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Asma , Humanos , Feminino , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Nebulizadores e Vaporizadores , Adesão à Medicação , Pessoal de Saúde , Grupos Focais , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Virtual data collection methods and consent procedures adopted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic enabled continued research activities, but also introduced concerns about equity, inclusivity, representation, and privacy. Recent studies have explored these issues from institutional and researcher perspectives, but there is a need to explore patient perspectives and preferences. This study aims to explore COVID-19 patients' perspectives about research recruitment and consent for research studies about COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted an exploratory qualitative focus group and interview study among British Columbian adults who self-identified as having had COVID-19. We recruited participants through personal contacts, social media, and REACH BC, an online platform that connects researchers and patients in British Columbia. We analyzed transcripts inductively and developed thematic summaries of each coding element. RESULTS: Of the 22 individuals recruited, 16 attended a focus group or interview. We found that autonomy and the feasibility of participation, attitudes toward research about COVID-19, and privacy concerns are key factors that influence participants' willingness to participate in research. We also found that participants preferred remote and virtual approaches for contact, consent, and delivery of research on COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals who had COVID-19 are motivated to participate in research studies and value autonomy in their decision to participate, but researchers must be sensitive and considerate toward patient preferences and concerns, particularly as researchers adopt virtual recruitment and data collection methods. Such awareness may increase research participation and engagement.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many research groups started conducting research activities virtually. In this study, we invited individuals who had COVID-19 to share their views about how researchers recruit patients and get their consent to participate in studies about COVID-19. Through interviews and focus groups, we found that British Columbians who had COVID-19 are motivated to participate in COVID-related studies, as long as researchers maintain usual precautions around data privacy and accommodate preferences for participation. Future studies may use these patient perspectives to make informed decisions that will increase and support patient recruitment, consent and retention in research studies.
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COVID-19 , Pandemias , Adulto , Humanos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Grupos Focais , Consentimento Livre e EsclarecidoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: It is currently under discussion whether Learner Handovers (LH) are beneficial, disadvantageous, or useful in Health Professions Education. Research has not been conducted to determine the extent of existing informal learner handover (ILH) through faculty discussions. In addition to providing stakeholders with added context, examining the nature of ILH may also provide insight into the bias associated with Learner Handover. METHODS: Transcripts from a series of semi-structured Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and interviews (from January to March 2022) were iteratively reviewed to identify relevant patterns and correlations. The study involved the voluntary participation of 16 active clinical dental faculty members with a variety of designations. We did not discard any opinions. RESULTS: It was found that ILH had a mild impact on students' training. ILH effects can be categorized into four key areas: (1) faculty behavior with students, (2) faculty expectations from students, 3) teaching approach, and 4) faculty feedback practices. Furthermore, five additional factors were identified as having a greater influence on ILH practices. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical dental training, ILH has a minor effect on faculty-student interactions. Faculty perceptions and ILH are strongly influenced by other factors contributing to the student's 'academic reputation. As a result, student-faculty interactions are never free of prior influences, so stakeholders need to take them into consideration when creating a formal LH.
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Docentes de Enfermagem , Estudantes , Humanos , Grupos Focais , Retroalimentação , Educação em OdontologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sesamoiditis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the sesamoid bones at the plantar aspect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1MTPJ). However, there are currently no recommendations or clinical guidelines to support podiatrists in their assessment or management of sesamoiditis. The aim of this study was to explore the views of podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand on their approaches to the assessment and management of patients with sesamoiditis. METHODS: This qualitative study included focus group discussions with registered podiatrists. Focus groups took place online via Zoom and were guided by a detailed focus group question schedule. The questions were designed to encourage discussion around assessment approaches used in the diagnosis of sesamoiditis and the treatment tools used to manage patients with sesamoiditis. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: A total of 12 registered podiatrists participated in one of three focus groups. Four themes were constructed relating to the assessment of sesamoiditis: (1) obtaining a patient history; (2) recreating patient symptoms; (3) determining contributing biomechanical factors; and (4) ruling out differential diagnoses. Seven themes were constructed relating to the management of sesamoiditis: (1) consideration of patient factors; (2) patient education; (3) cushioning of the sesamoids to allow more comfortable weightbearing of the 1MTPJ; (4) pressure redistribution and offloading of the sesamoids; (5) immobilisation of the 1MTPJ and sesamoids; (6) facilitating efficient sagittal plane motion during gait; (7) referring to other health professionals to find different ways to treat or manage patient symptoms. CONCLUSION: Podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand demonstrate an analytical approach in the assessment and management of patients with sesamoiditis based on their clinical experience and knowledge of lower limb anatomy. A range of assessment and management techniques are selected based on the practitioners personal preferences, as well as the patient's social factors, symptomology, and lower limb biomechanics.
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Podiatria , Humanos , Grupos Focais , Podiatria/métodos , Nova Zelândia , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Extremidade InferiorRESUMO
The patient empowerment movement has highlighted the importance of providing information to the patients to improve care outcome. However, relatives of patients are not yet taken into consideration. This is especially problematic during surgeries since families are often left without real-time information about the trajectory of the patient, inducing worries. Based on this observation we have developed the SMS-Chir solution that connects our surgery service management system with the automatic sending of SMS at key moments in order to inform families about the progression of the surgery. The system has been conceived thanks to the results of a focus group involving four experts. The evaluation was done by monitoring the use of the system over time and by sending questionnaires after intervention. Results analysis shows a limited use of the system but a high satisfaction of the beneficiaries. This study highlights the importance of managerial factors (resistance to change) in order to onboard the necessary stakeholders in the process.
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Participação do Paciente , Pacientes , Humanos , Grupos Focais , Inquéritos e Questionários , FamíliaRESUMO
Social media chatbots could help increase obese adults' physical activity behaviour. The study aims to explore obese adults' preferences for a physical activity chatbot. Individual- and focus group interviews will be conducted in 2023. Identified preferences will inform the development of a chatbot that motivates obese adults to increase their physical activity. The interview guide was tested in a pilot interview.
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Exercício Físico , Mídias Sociais , Adulto , Humanos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Grupos Focais , ObesidadeRESUMO
This study explored adolescent perspectives on school-based health center (SBHC) services and how services differed from school nurses and community agencies. Six focus groups were conducted with adolescents, 13-19 years old, as part of a larger mixed-methods study. Data were analyzed for themes using content analysis. Adolescents (N = 30) described the accessibility, positive attitude of staff, competence of the nurse practitioner, confidentiality/privacy, and trusted relationships with staff as important aspects of SBHC care. SBHC services allowed adolescents to stay in school, provided confidentiality/privacy, were comfortable and convenient, fostered their independence, and adolescents felt SBHC staff knew them and they did not feel like strangers. SBHCs are adolescent-friendly resources that maximize school time and an important source for contraception, sexually transmitted infection testing, and mental health care. Additionally, SBHC services help support adolescents' transition from pediatric to adolescent-focused care and foster their growing self-awareness and empowerment related to their engagement in health care services.
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Serviços de Saúde do Adolescente , Serviços de Enfermagem Escolar , Humanos , Adolescente , Criança , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Serviços de Saúde Escolar , Grupos Focais , ConfidencialidadeRESUMO
In multicultural contexts, health promotion can be challenging due to people's differences in beliefs, values, and practices regarding health and healthcare. Using the prototypical case scenario offered by the "Health without Borders" program, this study was generally aimed at summarizing the lessons learned and suggesting implications that are hopefully relevant to future culturally competent health promotion programs. This exploratory study used in-depth interviews, focus groups, and document analyses as primary methodological tools to gather data. A qualitative approach was chosen because it has the potential to explore, in depth, the main characteristics (values, operational domains, and action strategies) behind this prototypical case. The study findings suggest that the multicultural health promotion program under study is characterized by four main intertwined core values (i.e., empowerment; peer education; social embeddedness; tailor-made). In turn, these values are expressed in the ten main operational domains (i.e., proactive approach to health promotion; fostering interculturality in health promotion; fostering multidisciplinarity in health promotion; measuring the impact of initiatives; identifying, training, and activating key community members in the role of peer educators; promoting community engagement; fostering a "domino effect"; building institutional links with the organization of the territory; continuous training of the professionals involved in the initiatives; flexibility and a constant focus on projects' continuous redesign) that orient specific strategies of action. This program is based on a tailor-made principle for intervention design and delivery. This feature allows intervention providers to flexibly incorporate the target population's values in delivering health promotion activities. Therefore, the value of this prototypical case lies in the design of "adjustable" initiatives that fit the "program-as-designed" with the cultural characteristics of target populations involved in the intervention.
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Minorias Étnicas e Raciais , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Atenção à Saúde , Grupos FocaisRESUMO
The disproportionate burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and associated risk factors continues to exist in the Central Appalachian Region (CAR) of the United States. Previous studies to gather data about patient-centered care for CVD in the region were conducted through focus group discussions. There have not been any studies that used a collaborative framework where patients, providers, and community stakeholders were engaged as panelists. The objective of this study was to identify patient-centered research priorities for CVD in the CAR. We used a modified Delphi approach to administer questionnaires to forty-two stakeholder experts in six states representing the CAR between the fall of 2018 and the summer of 2019. Their responses were analyzed for rankings and derived priorities by research gaps. Six of the fifteen research priorities identified were patient-centered. These patient-centered priorities included shorter wait times for appointments; educating patients at their level; empowering patients to take responsibility for their health; access to quality providers; heart disease specialists for rural areas; and lifestyle changes. The participants' commitments to identify patient-centered research priorities indicate the potential to engage in community-based collaboration to address the burden of CVD in the CAR.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Estados Unidos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Região dos Apalaches , Inquéritos e Questionários , Grupos Focais , Assistência Centrada no PacienteRESUMO
Horyzons is a digital health intervention designed to support recovery in young people receiving specialized early intervention services for first-episode psychosis (FEP). Horyzons was developed in Australia and adapted for implementation in Canada based on input from clinicians and patients (Horyzons-Canada Phase 1) and subsequently pilot-tested with 20 young people with FEP (Horyzons-Canada Phase 2). OBJECTIVE: To understand the experiences of young adults with FEP who participated in the pilot study based on focus group data. METHODS: Among the twenty individuals that accessed the intervention, nine participated across four focus groups. Three team members were involved in data management and analysis, informed by a thematic analysis approach. A coding framework was created by adapting the Phase 1 framework to current study objectives, then revised iteratively by applying it to the current data. Once the coding framework was finalized, it was systematically applied to the entire dataset. RESULTS: Four themes were identified: (1) Perceiving Horyzons-Canada as helpful for recovery; (2) Appreciating core intervention components (i.e., peer networking; therapeutic content; moderation) and ease of use; (3) Being unaware of its features; and (4) Expressing concerns, suggestions, and future directions. CONCLUSIONS: Horyzons-Canada was well received, with participants wanting it to grow in scale, accessibility, and functionality.
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Saúde Mental , Transtornos Psicóticos , Adulto Jovem , Humanos , Adolescente , Grupos Focais , Projetos Piloto , Transtornos Psicóticos/terapia , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , AustráliaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) and patient-reported experience measures (PREM) provide health providers with valuable feedback on how to improve clinical care and patient outcomes. This paper describes a qualitative study that was conducted to learn about factors influencing the well-being of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Finland. The findings will be used to develop themes for HIV-specific PROM and PREM questions. METHODS: PROMs and PREMs were developed by the Finnish Institute for Health (THL) as a part of a project to develop a national quality-of-care registry for HIV. The study aimed to identify issues and concerns among people living with HIV (PLHIV) that influence their well-being (PROMs) and their experiences in the healthcare system (PREMs). The data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews and focus group discussions based on open-ended and semi-structured questions. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: The assessment identified the following PROMs of concern: psychological well-being, concerns about stigma, physical health, social well-being, sexual well-being, medication uptake, managing other medications with antiretrovirals (ARVs), and growing old. The assessment identified the following PREMs: helping patients understand their own health status, proving an opportunity for patients to discuss physical health, psychological and sexual well-being, supporting the uptake of ARVs, assisting patients with medication use, showing compassion towards patients, and empowering patients against stigma. CONCLUSION: These findings of the study can be used to develop domain-specific PROM and PREM questions for the national HIV quality care register.
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Atenção à Saúde , Infecções por HIV , Humanos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Grupos Focais , Antirretrovirais , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Infecções por HIV/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Freedom To Speak Up Guardians (FTSUGs) and Confidential Contacts (CCs) were appointed nationally following the Mid Staffordshire inquiry to listen to and support staff who were unable to address concerns through normal channels of communication. AIM: Explore perceptions of an FTSUG and CCs through shared experiences and personal stories. OBJECTIVES: (1) Explore perceptions of an FTSUG and CCs. (2) Consider how individuals can be best supported. (3) Improve staff knowledge on speaking up. (4) Understand factors influencing reflections around patient safety. (5) Share exemplars of good practice through use of personal stories to promote a culture of openness to raise concerns. METHOD: A focus group of eight participants, namely the FTSUG and CCs working within one large National Health Service (NHS) trust, was used to gather data. Data were collated and organised using a created table. Thematic analysis enabled each theme to emerge and be identified. CONCLUSION: (1) An innovative approach to the introduction, development and implementation of an FTSUG and CC roles and responsibilities in healthcare. (2) To gain insight into the personal experiences of a FTSUG and CCs working within one large NHS trust. (3) To be supportive of culture change with committed leadership responsiveness.
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Segurança do Paciente , Medicina Estatal , Humanos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Atenção à Saúde , Grupos FocaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore knowledge, attitudes and practices of laypersons and health professionals towards foetal programming, and factors affecting it. METHODS: The mixed methods study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from January 20, 2021 to May 13, 2022, and comprised adults of either gender with access to social media platforms. Data was collected using an online survey questionnaire in English and Urdu developed to capture responses from a diverse pool of participants. The survey tool was circulated through WhatsApp, Facebook and Instagram. Two focus group discussions were conducted; one with laypersons in group A and the other with health and allied professionals in group B. Data was analysed using SPSS 21, while data related to focus group discussions was subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS: Of the 358 participants, 173(48.3%) were in group A and 185(51.7%) were in group B. There were 34(18.4) subjects in group A and 27(15.6) in group B who had knowledge of foetal programming (p>0.05). Only factors related to father's health and dietary elements on the foetus were significantly different between the groups (p<0.05). Thematic analysis led to the formation of 3 overarching themes: parent's lifestyle, comorbidity and diet on foetal health; myths and cultural beliefs regarding foetal development; and the need for training / awareness for practitioners and community. CONCLUSIONS: Lack of knowledge and misinformation about foetal programming and development was common among health professionals and laypersons.
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Desenvolvimento Fetal , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Adulto , Humanos , Determinação de Necessidades de Cuidados de Saúde , Paquistão , Grupos FocaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Healthcare facilities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in Africa, suffer from a lack of continuous bedside monitoring capability, adversely affecting timely detection of hemodynamic deterioration and the opportunity for life-saving intervention. Wearable device technologies can overcome many of the challenges of conventional bedside monitors and could be viable alternatives. We assessed clinicians' perspectives on the use of a novel experimental wearable device ("biosensor") to improve bedside monitoring of pediatric patients in two West African LMICs. METHODS: Focus groups were conducted in 3 hospitals (2 in Ghana and 1 in Liberia), in both urban and rural settings and of variable size, to elucidate clinicians' attitudes about the biosensor and to identify potential implementation needs. The focus group sessions were coded using a constant comparative method. Deductive thematic analysis was applied to pair themes with Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) contextual factors and domains. RESULTS: Four focus groups were conducted in October 2019, and included 9 physicians, 20 nurses, and 20 community health workers. Fifty-two codes in four thematic areas were linked to 3 CFIR contextual factors and 9 domains. Key themes were durability and cost of the biosensor, hospital setting, and staffing concerns, which were related to the "Inner Setting" and "Characteristics of the Intervention" CFIR contextual factors. Participants, who recognized the limitations of current vital sign monitoring systems, further identified 21 clinical settings in which a biosensor could potentially be useful and expressed willingness to implement the biosensor. CONCLUSION: Clinicians who provide care to pediatric patients in two West African LMICs suggested multiple uses of a novel experimental wearable biosensor and expressed willingness to use it for continuous bedside vital sign monitoring. They identified device design (e.g., durability, cost), hospital setting (rural vs urban), and staffing as important factors to consider during further development and implementation.
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Técnicas Biossensoriais , Médicos , Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Humanos , Criança , Grupos Focais , Monitorização FisiológicaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Nepal have disproportionately poor reproductive and maternal health outcomes. In response, Save the Children, the Nepal government, and local partners designed and implemented Healthy Transitions for Nepali Youth, a multi-level integrated intervention. The intervention aimed to improve reproductive, maternal, and newborn health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among AGYW, and address gender attitudes and norms in four districts of Karnali Province, Nepal. METHODS: Married and unmarried AGYW aged 15-24 were engaged in a small group, curriculum-based intervention; husbands and families received home visits, using short videos to catalyze discussion; communities were engaged through dialogue-based activities; and the health system was made more adolescent-responsive through quality assessments, training, and supervision. An external organization conducted a quantitative survey with a sample of 786 AGYW intervention participants at baseline and 565 of the same AGYW at endline. Pooled linear regressions were estimated for each indicator to assess the statistical significance of differences between baseline and endline. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted with AGYW, husbands, families, community leadership, and program implementers. Data analysis was done through STATA 14th version and NVivo. RESULTS: The percentage of AGYW currently using a modern contraceptive method increased significantly, and more AGYW believed that their family was supportive of delaying marriage and motherhood at the endline. Young women's knowledge of danger signs during labor increased, and there was a significant improvement in essential newborn care practices immediately after birth. AGYW reported shifts towards more gender equitable attitudes and behaviors, including related to decision-making about reproductive and maternal health. CONCLUSION: Positive shifts in reproductive, maternal, and newborn health and gender knowledge, attitudes, and behavior were observed among AGYW, their male partners, and families. The results can inform the design of future interventions to effectively reach this critical population. TRAIL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.
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Saúde Materna , Parto , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Nepal , Anticoncepção , Grupos FocaisRESUMO
Introduction: The specialist Family and Community Nurse Practitioner (FCNP) is a professional who, after a period of training, is qualified to be part of multidisciplinary teams in primary care. The aim of this study was to describe and understand the experiences of nurses during their training process in the specialty of Family and Community Nursing in Spain. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was carried out. Participants were recruited by means of convenience sampling from January to April 2022. Sixteen specialist nurses in Family and Community Nursing from different autonomous communities in Spain participated in the study. Twelve individual interviews and one focus group were conducted. Data were analyzed following a thematic analysis method in ATLAS.ti 9. Results: The results showed two themes and six subthemes: (1) Residency period, more than a training: (a) Training during the residency period; (b) Specializing through a constant struggle; (c) Moderate optimism about the future of the specialty; and (2) A journey from illusion to disappointment: (a) Beginning of the residency: feeling special; (b) During the residency: between satisfaction and misunderstanding; (c) At the end of the residency: power and frustration. Conclusions: The residency period is important in the training and acquisition of competencies for the Family and Community Nurse Practitioner. Improvements are needed to ensure quality training during residency and to help give visibility to the specialty.
