Effects of visual aid on state anxiety, fear and stress level in patients undergoing endoscopy: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to calculate the estimated size and confidence interval for the effects of adding visual aid to counselling on anxiety, stress and fear of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The secondary aim was to calculate confidence interval for endoscopy-related variables that predict which patients are likely to benefit from visual aids. METHOD: In a randomized, single-blind, two arm, parallel group, superiority trial, 232 consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo either gastroscopy or colonoscopy were randomly divided into two intervention groups; counselling with video of endoscopic procedure and counselling with no-video (n = 116 in each group). Primary outcome was anxiety and secondary outcomes were stress and fear. RESULTS: One-way ANCOVA showed that there was significant between group differences of anxiety, stress and fear after controlling for the effect of covariates. Planned contrasts revealed that counselling along with visual aid of endoscopy procedure significantly decreased anxiety [Mean difference at post; -4.26 (-4.47, -4.05), p < .001, partial η2 = 0.88], stress [-5.35 (-5.63, -5.07), p < .001, partial η2 = 0.86] and fear [-2.82 (-2.97, -2.67), p < .001, partial η2 = 0.86] compared to counselling alone. Linear regression showed that gender, nature of complaints and concern over seniority of endoscopist were significant negative predictors, however, satisfaction on briefing of endoscopy procedure was significant positive predictor of outcome variables in visual aid condition. CONCLUSION: The increase in anxiety, acute stress and fear related to endoscopic procedures can be alleviated with psychological counselling coupled with visual aids before the procedure. Visual aid could lead to supplementary benefits in reducing anxiety scores. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov Number: NCT05241158. Registered 16/11/2022; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05241158KEY MESSAGESCounselling along with visual aid of endoscopy procedure significantly decreased anxiety, stress and fear as compared to counselling alone.Male patients were less stressed after visual aid intervention as compared to female patients. Patients who had chronic GI symptoms were less stressed after visual aid intervention as compared to those who had acute GI symptoms. Patients who had concern over seniority of endoscopist were less stressed after visual aid intervention as compared to those who had no concerns over seniority.Satisfaction on briefing of endoscopy procedure was significant positive predictor of stress and fear.

Validación del instrumento: consumo de medios sexuales online y prácticas de riesgo del HIV/AIDS / Validação de instrumento: consumo de mídias sexuais online e as práticas de risco ao HIV/AIDS / Instrument validation: online sex media consumption and HIV/AIDS risk practices

Objetivo: Describir el proceso de validación de la apariencia, claridad y pertinencia del contenido del instrumento titulado: "Consumo de medios sexuales en línea y prácticas de riesgo de VIH/SIDA".Materiales y método: Estudio metodológico desarrollado a partir de la técnica Delphi. La evaluación fue realizada por jueces y siguió tres fases: la adaptación del instrumento original al contexto de los medios sexuales en línea, la validación del contenido del instrumento adaptado y la verificación semántica. Los datos fueron procesados en el software IBM® SPSS® con análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados: El IVC fue satisfactorio para los dominios de salud sexual (93,4%) y prácticas sexuales (94,2%), mientras que los ítems relacionados con el consumo de medios sexuales explícitos obtuvieron un IVC del 100,0% para ambos criterios. Conclusiones: Se obtuvieron índices de validez y positividad de alto contenido, indicando que el instrumento validado "Consumo de medios sexuales y prácticas de riesgo de VIH/SIDA" nos permite analizar de manera confiable y de calidad la influencia del consumo de medios sexuales en las prácticas de riesgo de VIH. (AU)

Objetivo: Descrever o processo de validação de aparência, clareza e relevância do conteúdo do instrumento intitulado: “Consumo de mídias sexuais online e as práticas de risco ao HIV/Aids”. Materiais e método: Estudo metodológico desenvolvido a partir da técnica Delphi. A avaliação foi realizada por juízes e seguiu três fases: a adaptação do instrumento original para o contexto das mídias sexuais online, a validação de conteúdo do instrumento adaptado e a verificação semântica. Os dados foram processados no software IBM® SPSS® com análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: O IVC foi satisfatório para os domínios de saúde sexual (93,4%) e práticas sexuais (94,2%), enquanto os itens referentes ao consumo de mídias sexuais explícitas obtiveram IVC de 100,0% para ambos os critérios. Conclusão: Obteve-se elevados índices de validade de conteúdo e de positividade indicando que o instrumento “Consumo de mídias sexuais e as práticas de risco ao HIV/Aids” validado permite analisar com confiabilidade e qualidade a influência do consumo das mídias sexuais nas práticas de risco para HIV. (AU)

Objective: To describe the process of validation of appearance, clarity and relevance of the content of the instrument entitled: "Consumption of online sexual media and HIV/AIDS risk practices".Materials and Method: Methodological study developed from the Delphi technique. The evaluation was performed by judges and followed three phases: the adaptation of the original instrument to the context of online sexual media, the content validation of the adapted instrument and semantic verification. The data were processed in IBM® SPSS® software with descriptive statistical analysis. Results: CVI was satisfactory for the domains of sexual health (93.4%) and sexual practices (94.2%), while the items related to the consumption of explicit sexual media obtained CVI of 100.0% for both criteria. Conclusions: High content validity and positivity indexes were obtained, indicating that the validated instrument "Consumption of sexual media and HIV/AIDS risk practices" allows us to reliably and quality analyze the influence of sexual media consumption on HIV risk practices. (AU)

Tecnologias para prevenção de acidentes domésticos em crianças na primeira infância: revisão de escopo / Technologies for preventing domestic accidents in early childhood children: scoping review / Tecnologías de prevención de accidentes domésticos en la primera infancia revisión

A primeira infância é o período que compreende os primeiros seis anos de vida de uma criança. Nesse período ocorre grande parte do seu desenvolvimento físico, psicológico e cognitivo. Objetivo deste estudo foi mapear na literatura as tecnologias utilizadas para prevenção de acidentes domésticos em crianças na primeira infância. Para tal, realizou-se uma revisão de escopo seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA. Para tanto, os descritores foram "accident home", "child preschool", "accident prevention" e "technology" e descritor não controlado: "toodler". foram consultadas nos bancos de dados de periódicos da PUBMED, SCOPUS, CINAHL, SCIELO, LILACS. Foram incluídos os estudos publicados a partir do ano de 2009 a 2020. Entre os 439 estudos encontrados, 68 artigos eram duplicados, e 361 não atendiam plenamente ao objetivo desta revisão; assim, 10 estudos foram submetidos à apreciação desse escopo. Dentre as tecnologias, a mais utilizadas, foi a tecnologia da informação. Também se utilizou tecnologia impressas do tipo folder, questionários, gamificação, vídeo educativo, dramatização e arteterapia. Os profissionais da saúde têm uma grande responsabilidade na prevenção dos acidentes, pois, os cuidadores depositam muita confiabilidade nestes, que facilitam através de recursos a mudança de comportamentos de risco.

Early childhood is the period comprising the first six years of a child's life. During this period, a large part of their physical, psychological and cognitive development takes place. The aim of this study was to map in the literature the technologies used to prevent domestic accidents in children in early childhood. To this end, a scoping review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines. For that, the descriptors were "accident home", "child preschool", "accident prevention" and "technology" and uncontrolled descriptor: "toodler". were consulted in the journal databases of PUBMED, SCOPUS, CINAHL, SCIELO, LILACS. Studies published from 2009 to 2020 were included. Among the 439 studies found, 68 articles were duplicates, and 361 did not fully meet the objective of this review; thus, 10 studies were submitted to the appreciation of this scoping review. Among the technologies, the most used was information technology. Printed technology such as folders, questionnaires, gamification, educational video, dramatization and art therapy were also used. Health professionals have a great responsibility in the prevention of accidents, as caregivers place a lot of trust in them, which facilitate the change of risk behaviors through resources.

La primera infancia es el periodo que comprende los seis primeros años de la vida de un niño. Durante este periodo tiene lugar gran parte de su desarrollo físico, psicológico y cognitivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue mapear en la literatura las tecnologías utilizadas para prevenir accidentes domésticos en niños en la primera infancia. Para ello, se realizó una revisión de alcance siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. Para ello, los descriptores fueron "accident home", "child preschool", "accident prevention" y "technology" y el descriptor no controlado: "toodler". se consultaron en las bases de datos de revistas de PUBMED, SCOPUS, CINAHL, SCIELO, LILACS. Se incluyeron los estudios publicados entre 2009 y 2020. Entre los 439 estudios encontrados, 68 artículos eran duplicados y 361 no cumplían totalmente el objetivo de esta revisión; por lo tanto, 10 estudios fueron sometidos a la apreciación de esta revisión de alcance. Entre las tecnologías, la más utilizada fue la informática. También se utilizó tecnología impresa, como carpetas, cuestionarios, gamificación, vídeo educativo, dramatización y arteterapia. Los profesionales sanitarios tienen una gran responsabilidad en la prevención de accidentes, ya que los cuidadores depositan mucha confianza en ellos, lo que facilita el cambio de conductas de riesgo a través de los recursos.

Produções literárias e audiovisuais nas periferias de Fortaleza: (re)inventando territórios de infâncias e juventudes periféricas / Literary and audiovisual productions on the peripheries of Fortaleza: (re)inventing peripheral childhood and youth territo

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a reinvenção de territórios das infâncias e juventudes periféricas a partir de fotografias e poemas produzidos pelo fotógrafo Leo Silva e pelo poeta Talles Azigon (identificados após a aprovação do artigo) como modo de re-existência em Fortaleza. São problematizações advindas da realização de uma pesquisa-inter(in)venção de ethos cartográfico, junto a esses jovens, em que as imagens e os poemas emergem como dispositivos lúdicos na produção de movimentos contra-hegemônicos frente às "imagens oficiais" historicamente impostas sobre as periferias. Por meio dessas fotografias e poemas, e, portanto, da arte, a reivindicação dos territórios retrata e narra infâncias e juventudes de periferias de Fortaleza a partir de suas potências e não de suas precarizações. Como experimentação, o artigo foi produzido a partir desses poemas e fotografias, além de contar com as participações de (a ser identificado, caso o artigo seja aceito, pois atua como participante da escrita do artigo) e (a ser identificado, caso o artigo seja aceito, pois atua como participante da escrita do artigo) na elaboração do texto como um movimento decolonial de (des)habitar a escrita acadêmica.

This article aims to discuss the reinvention of territories of peripheral childhoods and youths based on photographs and poems produced by photographer Leo Silva and poet Talles Azigon (identified after acceptance of the article) as a way of re-existing in Fortaleza. These are problematizations arising from the realization of an inter(in)vention research of cartographic ethos, with these young people, in which images and poems emerge as playful devices in the production of counter-hegemonic movements against the "official images" historically imposed on the peripheries. Through these photographs and poems, and, therefore, through art, the claim of territories portrays and narrates childhoods and youths on the outskirts of Fortaleza from their strengths and not from their precariousness. As an experiment, the article was produced from these poems and photographs, in addition to counting on the participation of (to be identified if the article is accepted, as it acts as a participant in the writing of the article) and (to be identified if the article is accepted, as it acts as a participant in the writing of the article) in the elaboration of the text as a decolonial movement (dis)inhabiting academic writing.

First use of baited remote underwater video stations to assess fish diversity in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Northeastern Brazil / Primer uso de Sistemas de Videos Remotos Submarinos Cebados para evaluar la diversidad de peces en la Región Metropolitana de Recife, noreste de Brasil

Abstract Introduction: Video techniques are used worldwide to study marine communities. As elsewhere, the use of remote underwater videos has recently increased in Brazil and there is a need for information about their advantages, disadvantages, and reliability in tropical habitats. Objective: To evaluate the use of baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS) in fish diversity research in a tropical habitat. Methods: We used baited video stations to record the fishes and their relationship with habitat type, underwater visibility and depth, in 79 random sites in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Northeastern Brazil (11 days in November 2017). Results: We recorded 3 286 individuals (65 taxa, 29 families) along a 25 km section of the shoreline, 10.2 to 28.6 m depth. The Clupeidae dominated numerically, followed by Haemulidae, Carangidae, and Lutjanidae; by species, Haemulon aurolineatum, Opisthonema oglinum, Haemulon steindachneri, Lutjanus synagris and Caranx crysos. The highest mean number of species was detected over sediment close to shipwrecks, but we found no differences among the mean number of individuals between habitat types. More species and individuals were observed at a depth of 20-25 m depth. The highest mean number of species was in 2-3 m of visibility, and the highest number of individuals within 4-5 m. Conclusions: Video recording seemed to be a valid method, and indicated that -besides being relatively diverse- the local fish community is dominated by a few species of small and medium-sized mesopredators, and a few top predators.

Resumen Introducción: Las técnicas de video se utilizan en todo el mundo para estudiar las comunidades marinas. Como en otros lugares, el uso de videos submarinos remotos ha aumentado recientemente en Brasil y existe la necesidad de información sobre sus ventajas, desventajas y confiabilidad en los hábitats tropicales. Objetivo: Evaluar el uso de estaciones de video subacuáticas remotas cebadas en la investigación de la diversidad de peces en un hábitat tropical. Métodos: Utilizamos estaciones de video cebadas para registrar los peces y su relación con el tipo de hábitat, la visibilidad submarina y la profundidad, en 79 sitios aleatorios en la Región Metropolitana de Recife, noreste de Brasil (11 días en noviembre de 2017). Resultados: Registramos 3 286 individuos (65 taxones, 29 familias) a lo largo de una sección de 25 km de la costa, de 10.2 a 28.6 m de profundidad. Los Clupeidae dominaron numéricamente, seguidos de Haemulidae, Carangidae y Lutjanidae; por especies, Haemulon aurolineatum, Opisthonema oglinum, Haemulon steindachneri, Lutjanus synagris y Caranx crysos. El mayor número medio de especies se detectó sobre sedimentos cerca de naufragios, pero no encontramos diferencias entre el número medio de individuos entre tipos de hábitat. Se observaron más especies e individuos a una profundidad de 20-25 m. El mayor número medio de especies se registró en 2-3 m de visibilidad, y el mayor número de individuos en 4-5 m. Conclusiones: La grabación en video pareció ser un método válido e indicó que, además de ser relativamente diversa, la comunidad local de peces está dominada por unas pocas especies de mesodepredadores de tamaño pequeño y mediano, y pocos depredadores superiores.

AI-Based Detection of Aspiration for Video-Endoscopy with Visual Aids in Meaningful Frames to Interpret the Model Outcome.

Disorders of swallowing often lead to pneumonia when material enters the airways (aspiration). Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) plays a key role in the diagnostics of aspiration but is prone to human errors. An AI-based tool could facilitate this process. Recent non-endoscopic/non-radiologic attempts to detect aspiration using machine-learning approaches have led to unsatisfying accuracy and show black-box characteristics. Hence, for clinical users it is difficult to trust in these model decisions. Our aim is to introduce an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach to detect aspiration in FEES. Our approach is to teach the AI about the relevant anatomical structures, such as the vocal cords and the glottis, based on 92 annotated FEES videos. Simultaneously, it is trained to detect boluses that pass the glottis and become aspirated. During testing, the AI successfully recognized the glottis and the vocal cords but could not yet achieve satisfying aspiration detection quality. While detection performance must be optimized, our architecture results in a final model that explains its assessment by locating meaningful frames with relevant aspiration events and by highlighting suspected boluses. In contrast to comparable AI tools, our framework is verifiable and interpretable and, therefore, accountable for clinical users.

Youtube™ como ferramenta de ensino sobre antibioticoterapia em odontopediatria / Youtube™ as a teaching tool on antibiotic therapy in pediatric dentistry

Objetivo: objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade das informações fornecidas por vídeos no YoutubeTM sobre antibioticoterapia na odontopediatria. Materiais e Métodos: foram incluídos vídeos relacionados a antibioticoterapia, em português e destinados a dentistas. Os vídeos foram revisados por dois avaliadores para extração de dados quantitativos e a qualidade do seu conteúdo foi avaliado utilizando um checklist, contendo 22 pontos, elaborado com base nas recomendações das associações internacionais de odontopediatria. A qualidade dos vídeos foi classificada em baixa (0-11 pontos) ou alta (12-22 pontos). Os resultados foram apresentados de forma descritiva e testes estatísticos foram aplicados para avaliar a associação (ANOVA) ou correlação (Pearson) entre a população final do vídeo e seus dados quantitativos. Resultados: dos 7 vídeos incluídos, apenas 1 apresentou alta qualidade. O conteúdo abordado pelos vídeos foi heterogêneo, onde 85% (n=6) citaram amoxicilina como antibiótico de primeira escolha e 71% (n=5) relataram a remoção da fonte de infecção como suficiente em crianças saudáveis. Nenhum vídeo citou indicação para testes de cultura e sensibilidade, a contraindicação de antibioticoterapia em casos de gengivite, luxações, fraturas radiculares. A fonte do vídeo, quantidade de likes e visualizações não estão relacionadas a sua pontuação final (p>0,05), entretanto, o seu tempo está fortemente relacionado a sua pontuação (r=0,8, p=0,03). Conclusão: pode-se concluir que a qualidade do conteúdo de vídeos sobre antibioticoterapia destinados a dentistas brasileiros é baixa, não abordando de forma completa as recomendações das entidades de classe relacionadas ao tema, e o tempo do vídeo está fortemente correlacionado a sua pontuação final.

Objective: the objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of information provided by videos on YoutubeTM about antibiotic therapy in pediatric dentistry. Materials and Methods: videos related to antibiotic therapy, in Portuguese and intended for dentists were included. The videos were reviewed by two evaluators to extract their quantitative data and their quality content was evaluated using a checklist with 22 points, prepared based on the recommendations of different international dentistry associations. Video quality was rated as low (0-11 points) or high (12-22 points). Results were presented descriptively, and statistical tests were applied to assess the association (ANOVA) or correlation (Pearson) between the final video population and their quantitative data. Results: of the 7 videos included, only 1 present high quality. Videos content was heterogeneous, where 85% (n=6) cited amoxicillin as a firstchoice antibiotic and 71% (n=5) reported removing the source of infection as sufficient in healthy children. No video cited indication for culture and sensitivity tests, the contraindication of antibiotic therapy in cases of gingivitis, luxation's and root fractures. The video source, number of likes and views are not related to your final score (p>0.05), however, your time is strongly corelated to your score (r=0.8, p=0.03). Conclusion: it can be concluded that the quality of the content of videos on antibiotic therapy for Brazilian dentists is low, not fully addressing the recommendations of dentistry associations related to the topic, and the length of the video is strongly correlated with its final score.

Teaching cards as low-cost and brief materials for teaching basic life support to 6-10-year-old primary school children - a quasi-experimental combination design study.

AIM: Teaching Basic Life Support (BLS) in schools is a key initiative to improve the survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Low-cost training materials can reach a wider population. Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of using teaching cards with the traditional instructor-led and combined methods on BLS skills and attitude and to evaluate the long-term effects after two months. METHODS: A quasi-experimental combination design study. Two hundred sixty-three schoolchildren aged 6 to 10 years were assigned to three groups with different methods to teach BLS: teaching card group (n = 100), traditional instructor-led teaching group (n = 91), combined teaching group (n = 72). BLS skills and attitude were measured and compared before the training (T0), after the training (T1), and two months later (T2). RESULTS: BLS skills improved in every group at T1 compared to T0 (p < 0.001) and remained higher at T2 than at T0 in almost all cases (p < 0.001). Skill performance was similar in most of the skills between the three groups at T1. The best skill scores acquired were calling the ambulance and the correct hand position by chest compression. Positioning the head during check the breathing was more effective in the traditional group (48.4%) and combined group (61.1%) than in the teaching card group (19.0%) (p < 0.001) at T1. However, some skills improved significantly in the teaching card group at T2: check breathing for 10 s (p = 0.016); positioning the head by check breathing (p < 0.001); and positioning the head by ventilation (p = 0.011). Attitude did not change significantly in any of the groups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the level of attitude was inferior in the teaching card group compared with the traditional (p = 0.005), and the combined groups (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION: Using low-cost materials for teaching BLS for young schoolchildren can improve their skills, however, could not improve attitudes. Teaching cards were not inferior compared to traditional and combined methods in some skills but inferior in others. Therefore, hands-on training opportunity is still important. Teaching cards are useful for long-term learning. To learn correctly the whole sequence of BLS is difficult for 6 to 10 years-old children, however, they are able to learn more BLS-related skills separately.

Cup orientation following posterior approach THA - the effect of different visual aids and pelvic supports.

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to compare cup inclination achieved (1) Using two orientation guides, whilst using the same 3-point pelvic positioner and (2) Using two types of pelvic positioners, whilst measuring intra-operative cup inclination with an inclinometer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, diagnostic cohort study of a consecutive series of 150 THAs performed through a posterior approach. Two types of 3-point pelvic positioners were used (Stulberg and modified Capello Hip Positioners) and the cup was positioned freehand using one of two orientation guides (mechanical guide or digital inclinometer). Intra-operative inclination was recorded, radiographic cup inclination and anteversion were measured from radiographs. The differences in inclination due to pelvic position (ΔPelvicPosition) and orientation definitions (ΔDefinition) were calculated. Target radiographic inclination and anteversion was 40/20° ± 10°. RESULTS: There was no difference in radiographic cup inclination/ (p = 0.63) using a mechanical guide or digital inclinometer. However, differences were seen in ΔPelvicPosition between the positioners ((Stulberg: 0° ± 5 vs. Capello: 3° ± 6); p = 0.011). Intra-operative inclination at implantation was different between positioners and this led to equivalent cases within inclination/anteversion targets (Stulberg:84%, Capello:80%; p = 0.48). CONCLUSIONS: With the pelvis securely positioned with 3-point supports, optimum cup orientation can be achieved with both alignment guides and inclinometer. Non-optimal cup inclinations were seen when intra-operative inclinations were above 40° and below 32°, or the ΔPelvicPosition was excessive (> 15°; n = 2). We would thus recommend that the intra-operative cup inclination should be centered strictly between 30° and 35° relative to the floor. Small differences exist between different type of pelvic positioners that surgeons need to be aware off and account for.

Tactics for hemorrhagic shock: A virtual course and visual aid for improved resuscitation.

BACKGROUND: Our trauma performance improvement initiative recognized missed treatment opportunities for patients undergoing massive transfusion. To improve patient care, we developed a novel cognitive aid in the form of a poster entitled "TACTICS for Hemorrhagic Shock." We hypothesized that this reference and corresponding course would improve the performance of trauma leaders caring for simulated patients requiring massive transfusion. METHODS: First, residents and physician assistants participated in a one-on-one, socially distanced, screen-based virtual patient simulation. Next, they watched a short presentation introducing the TACTICS visual aid. They then underwent a similar second virtual simulation during which they had access to the reference. In both simulations, the participants were assessed using a scoring system developed to measure their ability to provide appropriate predetermined interventions while leading a trauma resuscitation (score range, 0-100%). Preintervention and postintervention scores were compared using a one-group pre-post within-subject design. Participants' feedback was obtained anonymously. RESULTS: Thirty-two participants (21 residents and 11 physician assistants) completed the course. The median score for the first simulation without the use of the visual aid was 43.8% (interquartile range, 33.3.8-61.5%). Commonly missed treatments included giving tranexamic acid (success rate, 37.5%), treating hypothermia (31.3%), and reversing known anticoagulation (28.1%). All participants' performance improved using the visual aid, and the median score of the second simulation was 89.6% (interquartile range, 79.2-94.8%; p < 0.001). Ninety-two percent of survey respondents "strongly agreed" that the TACTICS visual aid would be a helpful reference during real-life trauma resuscitations. CONCLUSION: The TACTICS visual aid is a useful tool for improving the performance of the trauma leader and is now displayed in our emergency department resuscitation rooms. This performance improvement course, the associated simulations, and visual aid are easily and virtually accessible to interested trauma programs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.

Videoteca como recurso didáctico audiovisual de apoyo en la asignatura Proceso de Atención de Enfermería Perinatal y Ginecológico / Video Library as Support Audiovisual Learning Resource for the subject Process of Care in Perinatal and Gynaecological Nursing

Objetivo: evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes que optaban a la titulación de Matrona sobre el uso de una videoteca online como complemento al proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en la asignatura Proceso de Atención de Enfermería Perinatal y Ginecológico. Método: se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal. Población de estudio: 123 estudiantes de segundo año que cursaban la asignatura Proceso de Atención de Enfermería Perinatal y Ginecológico (I), para optar al título de matrona en la Universidad San Sebastián (Santiago, Chile). El estudio se realizó durante el primer semestre del año 2020. Muestreo no probabilístico. Se creó un canal de YouTube® llamado “Saber y Salud USS” donde se subieron diez vídeos (videoteca). La satisfacción de los estudiantes se evaluó mediante un instrumento adaptado y validado. Resultados: participaron 89 (72,4%) estudiantes. En la dimensión integración teórico-práctica un 82% refirió estar “muy de acuerdo” y un 18% está “de acuerdo” con que hubo mejoras en la compresión de la teoría al visualizar los vídeos. En la dimensión formato y estructura de la videoteca, un 85,3% contestó estar “muy de acuerdo” y un 14,7% “de acuerdo” con que la organización de los procedimientos fue clara y ordenada. En la dimensión aportación al proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, un 82% refirió estar “muy de acuerdo”, un 16,9% “de acuerdo” en haber obtenido mejores resultados en el aprendizaje.Conclusión: los estudiantes presentaron un alto grado de satisfacción respecto al uso de la videoteca online, como complemento al proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en la asignatura Proceso de Atención de Enfermería Perinatal y Ginecológico.(AU)

Objective: to assess the satisfaction by students applying for the Midwife degree regarding the use of an online video library as a complement to the teaching-learning process for the subject Process of Care in Perinatal and Gynaecological Nursing. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted. Study population: 123 students in their second year taking the subject Process of Care in Perinatal and Gynaecological Nursing (I), in order to apply for the Midwife degree at the Universidad San Sebastián (Santiago, Chile). The study was conducted during the first semester of 2020, with non-probability sampling. A YouTube® channel was created, called “Saber y Salud USS”, where ten videos were uploaded (video library). The satisfaction by students was measured through an adapted and validated instrument. Results: the study included 89 (72.4%) students. Regarding the Theoretical and Practical Integration dimension, 82% reported “strong agreement” and 18% “agreement” with improvement in understanding the theory by visualising the videos. In the dimension Format and Structure of the Video Library, 85.3% reported “strong agreement” and 14.7% “agreement” that the procedures were organized in a clear and systematic manner. In the dimension Contribution to the Teaching-Learning process, 82% reported “strong agreement” and 16.9% “agreement” regarding achieving better learning results. Conclusion: students presented a high level of satisfaction regarding the use of the online video library as a complement to the teaching-learning process in the subject Process of Care in Perinatal and Gynaecological Nursing.(AU)

Investigación: acción participativa para evaluar el impacto de la difusión vía online de activos de salud / Research – participatory action to evaluate the impact of the online dissemination of health assets

Antecedentes: La identificación de activos de salud y la difusión de los mismos por parte de los profesionales de Atención Primaria (AP) mejora la calidad de vida de las personas. En este proyecto se pretende dar voz a diversos activos comunitarios del Área Sanitaria de Vigo e iniciar la formación de una red local para la salud en el área. Método: Estudio cualitativo de investigación-acción participativa (IAP). Se hicieron cuatro entrevistas en formato vídeo a asociaciones que trabajan con grupos de población especialmente afectados por la situación sanitaria de pandemia de la COVID-19. Se publicaron en el canal de YouTube de la Unidad Docente de Atención Familiar y Comunitaria (UDAFyC) de Vigo. Se acompañaron de la transcripción de la entrevista y de la documentación facilitada por la propia asociación. Fueron difundidos por el grupo promotor del proyecto y otros recursos externos. Se evaluó el impacto analizando las visualizaciones en cada una de ellas. Resultados: Los vídeos tuvieron una duración media de 10 minutos. El pico de visualizaciones se encuentra entre los 2-3 primeros días tras su publicación y las visitas al canal de YouTube fueron un total de 618, siendo las aplicaciones externas WhatsApp (178) y Facebook (86) las más utilizadas para acceder a la plataforma. Únicamente una de las asociaciones entrevistadas compartió el vídeo realizado en sus redes sociales. Discusión: La mayor parte de la difusión ha sido a través del grupo promotor y de la Unidad Docente Multidisciplinar de Vigo, siendo efectiva la instauración del recurso de difusión vía telemática. La mayoría de los activos comunitarios están dispuestos a colaborar en este tipo de proyectos, aunque no tienen gran peso en la difusión posterior del vídeo. Es importante mantener este tipo de difusiones y evaluaciones en el tiempo para ampliar y mejorar los conocimientos de los activos comunitarios por parte de la población. (AU)

Background. The identification of community assets and their dissemination by primary care professionals improves people's quality of life. Therefore, in this project we tried to give a voice to different community assets in the Vigo Health Area and to start training a local health network in the area. Method. By means of qualitative study research - participatory action we performed four interviews in video format with associations who work with population groups especially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic health situation. They were published on the Vigo Family and Community Attention Teaching unit (UDAFyC) YouTube channel and were disseminated by the group promoting the project and other external resources. Next, we evaluated the impact by analyzing the number of times they were seen. Results. The videos lasted on average 10 minutes. The peak number of views was between the first two to three days after their publication and the YouTube channel received a total of 618 visits; WhatsApp and Facebook being the applications most used to access the platform. Only one association interviewed shared the video on their social networks. Discussion. Most dissemination was by means of the promoter group and the Vigo Multidisciplinary Teaching Unit. Establishment of the online dissemination resource was effective. Most community assets are willing to collaborate in this type of project, although they do not have a great weight in subsequent dissemination of the video. It is important to maintain this type of dissemination and evaluations over time to expand and improve the knowledge of community assets by the population. Conclusions. In total, the channel received a total of 618 visits with external sources such as WhatsApp and Facebook being the most used for access. (AU)

Using cocreated visually informed community mental health education in low- and middle-income countries: A case study of youth substance misuse in Assam, India.

INTRODUCTION: Our aim is to evaluate the visually informed community mental health education materials cocreated in our research on youth substance misuse in Assam, India, and to reflect on what we might learn for similar initiatives in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: Materials consist of: (i) images participants brought to the interview; (ii) 30 posters cocreated by participants to convey key messages from their interview; (iii) six short films on the implications of addiction, and (iv) an animation of our Pathways to Recovery model. We also created a community education package that incorporated these materials. We analyse feedback from three groups of events and a social media campaign, which drew variably across our materials and engaged a range of audiences. RESULTS: Outcomes indicate the cocreation process and focus on the visual was successful in promoting young people's voice, increasing awareness and has potential for stigma reduction. Our educational package was deemed useful in increasing awareness and has potential for prevention and treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our case study offers insights into community mental health education in low- and middle-income countries, confirming the importance of cocreation, the usefulness of visual materials and the potential of social media campaigns while acknowledging the importance of local context in health messaging, particularly for stigmatized topics. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Service users were involved in the cocreation of the materials evaluated in this study and contributed as presenters in one of the events reported. Members of the public took part in events in which the materials were shared and provided us with the feedback analysed in this article.

Peace Building, information technologies, and creative citizens: the case of Caminos de Paz, school audiovisual in Cauca (Colombia) / Construcción de paz, tecnologías de la información y ciudadanías creativas: el caso de la escuela audiovisual caminos de paz en cauca (colombia)

RESUMEN Este artículo muestra los resultados de la primera fase de implementación de una escuela de comunicación audiovisual, la cual es mediada por tecnologías digitales de la información. Para ello identificamos dos tipos de narrativas. En primer lugar, una sobre los impactos benéficos en el acceso y apropiación de tecnología, y en valores derivados de procesos colaborativos llevados a cabo por los estudiantes para fortalecerse como colectivo social. En segundo lugar, otras que conforman un primer corpus de contenidos, con los cuales la escuela busca narrarse y representarse como caso exitoso de construcción de paz en la región. Nuestra tesis consiste en que dichas narrativas evidencian que los procesos de apropiación de tecnologías de información y comunicación digital llevados a cabo por este grupo de beneficiarios fortalecen procesos de comunicación comunitaria y de ciudadanías creativas, sustentadas en los valores que emergen en medio de relaciones e interacciones colaborativas.

ABSTRACT This paper shows the results of the first phase of a school of audiovisual communication, wich is mediated by information technology. For it, we identified two types of narratives. Firstly, one about the beneficial impacts in the technology access and appropriation, and in values, derivated from collaborative processes carried out by students to strengthen as social collective. Secondly, others that form a first corpus of contents, with wich the school wants to narrate and represent itself as successful case of peace buiding in the region. Our thesis is that such narratives show that the processes of appropriation of information and digital communication technologies strengthen processes of comunity communication and creative citizenships, based on values emerged among collaborative relations and interactions.

Effectiveness of Audio and Audio-Visual Distraction Aids for Management of Pain and Anxiety in Children and Adults Undergoing Dental Treatment- A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis.

Dentists have a wide variety of techniques available to them such as tell -show-do, relaxation, distraction, systematic desensitisation, modelling, audio analgesia, hypnosis, and behaviour rehearsal. There is no concrete research as systematic review and meta-analysis indicating which explains the most effective distraction technique. AIM: To summarize effectiveness of audio and audio-visual (AV) distraction aids for management of pain and anxiety in children undergoing dental treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Literature search: PubMed/MEDLINE, DOAJ, Science Direct from June - July 2020 with randomized control clinical trials conducted on children with audio and AV distraction aids as intervention and those which had anxiety and pain as outcomes were searched. Fifty articles were identified and relevance was determined. 14 studies were included for qualitative synthesis and 05 were eligible for meta-analysis. Cochrane handbook used to assess the risk of bias. The meta analysis conducted using review manager 5.3 software. RESULTS: Meta-analysis, cumulative mean difference for audio and AV distraction techniques was calculated with main outcomes as pulse rate, O2 level, Vehman's picture and clinical test. These findings showed significant difference favoring the intervention (audio and AV) group when compared with control but indicating more effectiveness of AV distractions. CONCLUSION: Different audio-visual aids assist in reducing pain and anxiety in children but using audio distraction aids when audio-visual aids are not available could be acceptable way for distracting and treating children.

How do we raise media bias awareness effectively? Effects of visualizations to communicate bias.

Media bias has a substantial impact on individual and collective perception of news. Effective communication that may counteract its potential negative effects still needs to be developed. In this article, we analyze how to facilitate the detection of media bias with visual and textual aids in the form of (a) a forewarning message, (b) text annotations, and (c) political classifiers. In an online experiment, we randomized 985 participants to receive a biased liberal or conservative news article in any combination of the three aids. Meanwhile, their subjective perception of media bias in this article, attitude change, and political ideology were assessed. Both the forewarning message and the annotations increased media bias awareness, whereas the political classification showed no effect. Incongruence between an articles' political position and individual political orientation also increased media bias awareness. Visual aids did not mitigate this effect. Likewise, attitudes remained unaltered.