RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The "Taking the screening tests in place" program offers cardiovascular screening activities to the inhabitants of underprivileged settlements. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the health status and cardiovascular risk of the Roma and non-Roma population in underprivileged settlements. METHOD: Information was collected about the demography, lifestyle, current illnesses, access to healthcare and the quality of patient information. General health check (body weight, height, blood pressure, blood sugar, ankle-brachial index) and cardiovascular examination were performed. Data were analyzed in Roma and non-Roma groups with Pearson's chi-squared test. RESULTS: 3649 people participated in the study (851 [23%] men, 2798 [77%] women), 16% (598) of the investigated population belonged to the Roma population. The mean age of men in the general population was 58 years and of women 55 years, in the Roma population 48 years and 47 years. People in the Roma population smoked more often (men 45%, women 64%) than people in the general population (both sexes 30%). In the Roma population, the consumption of sugary soft drinks at least four times a week (men 55% vs. women 43%) and the BMI (men 30 vs. 29, woman 29 vs. 28) were significantly higher. In the Roma population, 31% of the men and 13% of the women thought that their health status was bad, while in the general population it was 17% of men and 8% of women. Incidence of COPD (18% vs. 9%), coronary disease (18% vs. 13%), peripheral artery disease (13% vs. 9%) was significantly higher in the Roma population among women. CONCLUSION: In the investigated population, the Roma inhabitants were significantly younger, smoked more, they were more obese, the chronic diseases were more common among them, and they considered their health status worse than the general population. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(20): 792-799.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Nível de SaúdeAssuntos
Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Humanos , Cidadania , Água , Europa (Continente) , Abastecimento de ÁguaRESUMO
Introducción: La tasa de negativas a la donación entre el pueblo gitano es muy superior a la de cualquier otro grupo social. Objetivo: Analizar la actitud hacia la donación de los órganos propios entre la población gitana residente en España. Métodos: Tipo de estudio: estudio sociológico observacional nacional español estratificado por género y edad. Población a estudio: población gitana con edad≥15 años residente en España. Tamaño muestral: 1.253 encuestados. Instrumento de valoración: cuestionario validado de actitud hacia la donación de órganos para trasplante PCID-DTO Ríos. Trabajo de campo: selección aleatoria en función de la estratificación. Cumplimentación anónima y autoadministrada. Fue precisa la colaboración de personas de etnia gitana. Estadística: test de t de Student, χ2, Fisher y un análisis de regresión logística. Resultados: El grado de cumplimentación fue del 18,2% (n=228). De los que han cumplimentado el cuestionario, están a favor de la donación el 42,1% (n=96), indeciso el 30,3% (n=69) y en contra el 27,6% restante (n=63). De los 1.025 (81,8%) que rechazaron cumplimentar el cuestionario, 1.004 (98%) indicaron que era por miedo a hablar y rellenar un cuestionario que plantee el tema de la muerte y la donación de órganos tras fallecer. Si se considera que los que no han cumplimentado el cuestionario por miedo a la muerte y la donación de órganos tras fallecer no están a favor, los resultados serían los siguientes: el 7,8% (n=96) a favor de donar sus órganos frente al 92,2% (n=1.136) no a favor (en contra o indecisos). Conclusiones: La población gitana presenta un rechazo mayoritario a plantear el tema de la muerte y la donación de órganos tras fallecer. Estos hallazgos muestran que las campañas actuales para promover la donación de órganos no son efectivas en este grupo de población. (AU)
Introduction: The refusal rate for donating organs among the Roma people is much higher than that of any other social group. Objective: To analyze the attitude towards the donation of one's own organs among the Roma population living in Spain. Methods: Type of study: Spanish national observational sociological study stratified by gender and age. Study population: Roma population aged≥15 years living in Spain. Sample size: 1253 respondents. Assessment instrument: validated questionnaire on attitude towards organ donation for transplantation PCID-DTO Ríos. Field work: random selection based on stratification. Anonymous and self-administered completion. The collaboration of people of Roma ethnicity was required. Statistics: Student's t test, χ2, Fisher's exact test and a logistic regression analysis. Results: The degree of completion was 18.2% (n=228). Of those who completed the questionnaire, 42.1% (n=96) were in favor of donation, 30.3% (n=69) were undecided and the remaining 27.6% (n=63) were against it. Of the 1025 (81.8%) who declined to complete the questionnaire, 1004 (98%) indicated that it was for fear of speaking about and filling in a questionnaire that raises the issue of death and organ donation after death. If those who did not complete the questionnaire due to fear of death and donating organs after death are considered not in favor, the results would be as follows: 7.8% (n=96) in favor of donating their organs compared to 92.2% (n=1136) not in favor (against or undecided). Conclusions: A majority of the Roma population prefer not speak of death nor organ donation after death. These findings show that current campaigns to promote organ donation are not effective in this population group. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos , Estudos Transversais , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores SociológicosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the general population is widely known, however, there are still few studies related to this infection in minority groups, Thus, the objective is to analyze the frequency of human papillomavirus and associated factors in quilombola and gypsy women. METHODS: Cross-sectional research with 145 quilombola and gypsy women from Caxias, Maranhão. Two Pap smear collections were performed and a questionnaire with 46 questions was applied between January, 2020 and March, 2021. Descriptive analysis and Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval were performed. The research was approved by the ethics committee. RESULTS: There were 09 cases of atypia. The frequency of human papillomavirus was 41.37%, with a higher risk in quilombolas 55 (91.70%). Multiple infections were prevalent (53%) with high-risk genotypes 21 (35%). Types 16 and 18 together accounted for 42.85% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of human papillomavirus infection was higher than those recorded in the Northeast and Brazil, and therefore type 16 predominated. Due to limitations, the virus lineages and sublineages were not evaluated. Quilombola women had a higher rate of infection than gypsies.
Assuntos
Infecções por Papillomavirus , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Displasia do Colo do Útero , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Papillomavirus Humano , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Grupos Minoritários , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , BrasilRESUMO
Harmful alcohol consumption has been considered a major public health issue globally, with the amounts of alcohol drunk being highest in the WHO European Region including Hungary. Alcohol consumption behaviors are complex human traits influenced by environmental factors and numerous genes. Beyond alcohol metabolization and neurotransmitter gene polymorphisms, taste preference-related genetic variants may also mediate alcohol consumption behaviors. Applying the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) we aimed to elucidate the underlying genetic determinants of alcohol consumption patterns considering taste preference gene polymorphisms (TAS1R3 rs307355, TAS2R38 rs713598, TAS2R19 rs10772420 and CA6 rs2274333) in the Hungarian general (HG) and Roma (HR) populations. Alcohol consumption assessment was available for 410 HG and 387 HR individuals with 405 HG and 364 HR DNA samples being obtained for genotyping. No significant associations were found between TAS1R3 rs307355, TAS2R19 rs10772420, and CA6 rs2274333 polymorphisms and alcohol consumption phenotypes. Significant associations were identified between TAS2R38 rs713598 and the number of standard drinks consumed in the HG sample (genotype GG negatively correlated with the number of standard drinks; coef: -0.136, p = 0.028) and the prevalence of having six or more drinks among Roma (a negative correlation was identified in the recessive model; genotype GG, coef: -0.170, p = 0.049), although, none of these findings passed the Bonferroni-corrected probability criterion (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, our findings may suggest that alcohol consumption is partially driven by genetically determined taste preferences in our study populations. Further studies are required to strengthen the findings and to understand the drivers of alcohol consumption behavior in more depth.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Humanos , Roma (Grupo Étnico)/genética , Hungria/epidemiologia , Paladar/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/genéticaRESUMO
Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is one of the modifiable lifestyle factors that play an important role in the prevention of non-communicable (especially cardiovascular) diseases. Certain genetic factors predisposing to LTPA have been previously described, but their effects and applicability on different ethnicities are unknown. Our present study aims to investigate the genetic background of LTPA using seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a sample of 330 individuals from the Hungarian general (HG) and 314 from the Roma population. The LTPA in general and three intensity categories of it (vigorous, moderate, and walking) were examined as binary outcome variables. Allele frequencies were determined, individual correlations of SNPs to LTPA, in general, were determined, and an optimized polygenetic score (oPGS) was created. Our results showed that the allele frequencies of four SNPs differed significantly between the two study groups. The C allele of rs10887741 showed a significant positive correlation with LTPA in general (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.12-1.97; p = 0.006). Three SNPs (rs10887741, rs6022999, and rs7023003) were identified by the process of PGS optimization, whose cumulative effect shows a strong significant positive association with LTPA in general (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.16-1.70; p < 0.001). The oPGS showed a significantly lower value in the Roma population compared with the HG population (oPGSRoma: 2.19 ± SD: 0.99 vs. oPGSHG: 2.70 ± SD: 1.06; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the coexistence of genetic factors that encourage leisure-time physical activity shows a more unfavorable picture among Roma, which may indirectly contribute to their poor health status.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Humanos , Roma (Grupo Étnico)/genética , Hungria/epidemiologia , Etnicidade/genética , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Exercício Físico , Atividades de LazerRESUMO
The Roma are a population that has been recorded in Europe since the Middle Ages. Today, there are more than ten million of them on the European continent, especially in Eastern Europe. They form several groups of great linguistic, cultural and social diversity, who are generally stigmatized by the majority populations despite multiple forms of integration. Some of them live in very precarious conditions, sometimes in ghettoized neighborhoods, like the people cared for by the association Médecins du Monde in Bulgaria. Livia Otal, an anthropologist by training and coordinator of the Bulgaria mission of Médecins du Monde, presents the actions carried out with these populations, particularly adolescents.
Assuntos
Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Adolescente , Bulgária/epidemiologia , Europa (Continente)RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Gypsies and Travellers have poorer physical and mental health than the general population, but little is known about mental health service use by Gypsy and Traveller children and young people. Finding this group in routine electronic health data is challenging, due to limited recording of ethnicity. We assessed the feasibility of using geographical markers combined with linked routine datasets to estimate the mental health service use of children and young people living on Traveller sites. METHODS: Welsh Government supplied a list of Traveller site postcodes included in Caravan Counts between 2012 and 2020. Using spatial filtering with data from the Adolescent Mental Health Data Platform (ADP) at Swansea University's SAIL Databank, we created a cohort of Traveller site residents aged 11-25 years old, 2010-2019. ADP algorithms were used to describe health service use, and to estimate incidence and prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and self-harm. RESULTS: Our study found a subgroup of young Gypsies and Travellers (n = 802). We found no significant differences between our cohort and the general population for rates of CMD or self-harm. The rate of non-attendance for psychiatric outpatient follow-up appointments was significantly higher in our cohort. Rates were higher (but not statistically significant) among Gypsies and Travellers for measures suggesting less well-managed care, including emergency department attendance and prescribed CMD medication without follow-up. The small size of the cohort resulted in imprecise estimates with wide confidence intervals, compared with those for the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Gypsies and Travellers are under-represented in routine health datasets, even using geographical markers, which find only those resident in authorised traveller sites. Routine data is increasingly relied upon for needs assessment and service planning, which has policy and practice implications for this underserved group. To address health inequalities effort is required to ensure that health datasets accurately capture ethnicity.
Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde Mental , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Adolescente , Humanos , Criança , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Roma (Grupo Étnico)/psicologia , Estudos de Viabilidade , País de Gales/epidemiologia , EtnicidadeRESUMO
Objective: Uncorrected refractive error (i.e., lack of eyeglasses for the treatment of refractive error) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment in Eastern Europe. Limited information is available on how to promote the use of eyeglasses among Romani families in Bulgaria. In step 1, the objective was to obtain suggestions by Romani mothers on how to promote the use of eyeglasses among children. In step 2, the objective was to evaluate an intervention to promote the use of eyeglasses based on suggestions received during step 1. Methods: During step 1, 5 focus groups with Romani mothers took place in one neighborhood in Bulgaria. During step 2, the intervention used a one-group pre-test, post-test design. Families received eye examinations. Those who needed eyeglasses chose attractive eyeglasses. Parents received education on how to encourage their children to wear eyeglasses. Results: During step 1, 54 mothers participated. Mothers suggested that the whole family should receive eye examinations and eyeglasses. During step 2, of 33 family members, 14 did not have refractive errors and 19 did. Of the 19 family members with refractive error, none had eyeglasses at pre-test. Approximately 6 months following the end of the intervention, 11 of the 19 family members (57.9%) wore eyeglasses and the remaining 8 (42.1%) did not. Conclusion: Romani family members needed eyeglasses but did not have any at pre-test of the intervention. Future interventions that offer education on the importance of eye examinations may increase receipt of eye examinations and adherence to wearing eyeglasses.
Assuntos
Erros de Refração , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Óculos , Bulgária , Erros de Refração/terapia , PaisRESUMO
Complete defoliation of trees due to periodic LDD (Lymantria dispar dispar) moth outbreaks in many parts of the world is a significant stress factor for the survival of individual trees and entire forests over vast areas. This study addresses such a mid-summer defoliation event in Ontario, Canada for quaking aspen trees during 2021. It is shown that complete refoliation in the same year is possible for these trees, albeit with significantly smaller leaf size. Regrown leaves showed the well-known non-wetting behaviour typically observed for the quaking aspen tree without a defoliation event. These leaves have the same hierarchical dual-scale surface structure consisting of nanometre-size epicuticular wax (ECW) crystals superimposed on micrometre-sized papillae. This structure provides for the Cassie-Baxter non-wetting state with a very high water contact angle on the adaxial surface of the leaves. Subtle differences in the leaf surface morphology of the refoliation leaves compared with the regular growth leaves are likely due to environmental factors such as seasonal temperature during the leaf growth period after budbreak.
Assuntos
Mariposas , Populus , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Animais , Humanos , Folhas de Planta , ÁrvoresRESUMO
The 20 minutes Whole Blood Clotting Test (20WBCT) was evaluated in 1541 snakebite patients at 3 hospitals in Nigeria. It was useful in detection, monitoring, guiding antivenom therapy and prognostication of coagulopathy, with initial sensitivity of 84.7% (95%CI:82.7-86.5%) and specificity of 64.3% (95%CI:50.4-76.7%) compared to clinical envenoming. It led to correct decisions regarding administration or withholding antivenom in 97.93% of patients. The proportion of carpet viper (Echis romani) envenomed patients who restored clotting rose steadily following effective antivenom therapy. Patients with positive 20WBCT had severer envenoming, required more blood transfusion, had longer hospital stay and derived higher antivenom protection against death from carpet viper. However, there was no association between positive 20WBCT and fatality or complications.
Assuntos
Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Mordeduras de Serpentes , Viperidae , Animais , Humanos , Antivenenos/uso terapêutico , Nigéria , Venenos de Víboras , Mordeduras de Serpentes/tratamento farmacológico , Coagulação SanguíneaRESUMO
El objetivo de este artículo es describir la repercusión que ha tenido la pandemia de COVID-19 en la implementación del proyecto RoMoMatter, con una metodología de investigación-acción participativa basada en la comunidad, en Córdoba. Participaron cinco investigadoras académicas y 30 de la comunidad. Se utilizaron como técnicas de recogida de datos la entrevista individual, los grupos focales y las notas de campo. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas en audio con el consentimiento de las participantes y se transcribieron textualmente. La información recogida fue codificada mediante el software Atlas Ti. Se destacan los esfuerzos de adaptación al nuevo escenario de la pandemia realizados por las participantes y el papel de apoyo técnico y emocional que tuvo el equipo de adaptación. Se concluye que la principal repercusión de la pandemia se evidenció en el proceso participativo de todas las personas implicadas, y en el formato y el número de actividades.(AU)
The objective of this article is to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the implementation of the RoMoMatter project, using a community-based participatory action research methodology, in Córdoba (Spain). Five academic researchers and 30 community members participated. Individual interviews, focus groups and field notes were used as data collection techniques. The interviews were audio-recorded with the consent of the participants and transcribed verbatim. The information collected was coded using Atlas Ti software. The efforts of adaptation to the new pandemic scenario made by the participants and the technical and emotional support role played by the adaptation team are highlighted. It is concluded that the main impact of the pandemic was evidenced in the participatory process of all the people involved, and in the format and number of activities. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Pandemias , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Espanha , Entrevistas como Assunto , Participação da ComunidadeRESUMO
Inequalities in diet quality are increasingly reported, but such studies among Roma are scarce and challenging. Here we attempt to examine diet quality and adherence to food based dietary guidelines among Hungarian Roma (HR) ethnic minority living in segregated settlements while comparing a sample of Hungarian adults from the general population (HG). Data were obtained from a complex comparative health survey conducted in Northeast Hungary in 2018, including sociodemographic and physical examination data. Dietary data were collected using two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. We assessed diet quality based on using a 13-component Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015, range 0-100). Differences in median intakes of food and nutrients and HEI-2015 scores were evaluated by Mann-Whitney test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Quantile regression was used to adjust HEI-2015 scores for socioeconomic factors including age, sex, educational status, and perceived financial status. This analysis included 393 and 415 subjects, aged between 18 to 70 years, of HR and HG populations, respectively. Results showed overall low median HEI-2015 scores for both HR and HG, with significantly lower total score among HR participants (41.6, interquartile range (IQR): 39.5-42.8) compared to HG (47.2, IQR: 45.7-51.1). Scores for individual components, such as intake of fruits, greens and beans, whole grains, seafood, and plant proteins were particularly suboptimal among both groups, but significantly lower among the HR population. Scores for refined grains, sodium, saturated fats and added sugar reflected high intakes of these components but did not differ between study groups. Our findings revealed an unfavorable diet quality among the HR compared to HG and a potentially increased risk for diet-related NCDs. Future health intervention programs are warranted to address dietary disparities of segregated minorities in Hungary while considering ethnic and cultural differences.
Assuntos
Dieta Saudável , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Adulto , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Hungria , Etnicidade , Grupos Minoritários , Dieta , FrutasRESUMO
The Roma are a group of populations with a common origin that share the Romani identity and cultural heritage. Their genetic history has been inferred through multiple studies based on uniparental and autosomal markers, and current genomic data have provided novel insights into their genetic background. This review was prompted by two factors: (i) new developments to estimate the genetic structure of the Roma at a fine-scale resolution have precisely identified the ancestral components and traced migrations that were previously documented only in historical sources, clarifying and solving debates on the origins and the diaspora of the Roma; (ii) while there has been an effort to review the health determinants of the Roma, the increasing literature on their population genetics has not been subjected to a dedicated review in the last two decades. We believe that a summary on the state of the art will benefit both the public and scholars that are approaching the subject.
Assuntos
Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Humanos , Roma (Grupo Étnico)/genética , Haplótipos , Genética Populacional , Migração HumanaRESUMO
Roma are the largest and most disadvantaged ethnic minority in Europe often facing generational poverty, and limited access to education, employment, housing, and various types of services. Despite many international and national initiatives, children from marginalized Roma communities face multiple risks and are being disadvantaged as early as from conception onward. We, therefore, aimed to identify measures and/or interventions targeting equity in early childhood health and development in marginalized Roma communities which implementation is considered to be urgent but not feasible. We used a group concept mapping approach-a participatory mixed research method-and involved 40 experts and professionals from research, policy and practice. From 90 measures and interventions proposed to achieve early childhood equity for children from marginalized Roma communities, 23 measures were identified as urgent but not feasible. These concerned particularly measures and interventions targeting living conditions (including access to income, access to housing, and basic infrastructure for families) and public resources for instrumental support (covering mainly topics related to financial and institutional frameworks). Our results reflect the most pressing issues in the area of equality, inclusion and participation of Roma and expose barriers to implementation which are likely to arise from public and political discourses perpetrating a negative image of Roma, constructing them as less deserving. Measures to overcome persistent prejudices against Roma need to be implemented along with the measures targeting equity in early childhood health and development.
Assuntos
Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Etnicidade , Eslováquia , Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde , Grupos MinoritáriosRESUMO
The objective of the present study was to compare the religiosity of the Roma in the 18th century with the present. In 1775 and 1776, Samuel Augustini ab Hortis detailed the way of life of the Roma community in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy in his work "Von dem Heutigen Zustände, Sonderbaren Sitten und Lebensart, Wie Auch von Denen Übrigen Eigenschaften und Umständen der Zigeuner in Ungarn" (On the Contemporary Situation, Distinctive Manners and Way of Life, as Well as the Other Characteristics and Circumstances of Gypsies in Greater Hungary). A detailed content analysis of the part of his work dealing with religion was performed. Subsequently, in 2018, field research was conducted in the environment in which Samuel Augustini lived and worked. It involved six key informants, each representing a different municipality. Data collection was carried out over two periods: in the summer months of 2012-2013 and the winter period of 2018-2019. After the interviews with the key informants, more than 70 participants were included in semi-structured interviews through snowball sampling, and another 40 participants were included in two focus groups. The data was evaluated and content analysis was used to process the data. The findings confirm that both in the past and the present, the Roma community adopted the dominant religion of the host country. In the studied environments, the activities of the majority, present then and now in the Catholic Church, failed, and various other missionary movements, such as the Maranatha Mission, came to the fore. Membership in new religious movements resulted in social changes in marginalized Roma communities. However, they may not have only had positive effects. Various effects of their activities may be studied in the future.
Assuntos
Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Humanos , Hungria , ReligiãoRESUMO
Objetivo: Conocer y profundizar en la valoración, la experiencia y la vivencia de las mujeres de etnia gitana con la lactancia materna. Método: Estudio cualitativo con un enfoque fenomenológico interpretativo, a través de la realización de un grupo focal en el que participaron 6 madres de etnia gitana usuarias del Centro de Salud de Fuente de San Luis de la ciudad de Valencia. Resultados: Las barreras descritas por estas madres en cuanto a la lactancia refieren: una falta de apoyo familiar, una asociación del amamantamiento al sacrificio y a la dependencia del bebé al pecho. De los relatos de estas madres se percibe un desinterés por la lactancia, y una falta de confianza en su propia biología que, unido a una escasa participación en las actividades de educación maternal, han supuesto las barreras que mayormente han limitado y dificultado en gran parte la lactancia en este grupo de madres. Conclusiones: Sería deseable poner en marcha acciones de mejora que prestaran mayor atención en promover, proteger y apoyar la lactancia en este colectivo.(AU)
Objective: To know and deepen in the evaluation, and experience of gypsy women with breastfeeding. Method: Qualitative study with an interpretative phenomenological approach, through a focus group with the participation of six mothers of gypsy ethnicity, users of the Fuente de San Luis Health Center in the city of Valencia. Results: The barriers described by these mothers regarding breastfeeding refer to a lack of family support, an association of breastfeeding to sacrifice and to the dependence of the baby to the breast. From the accounts of these mothers it is perceived, a disinterest in breastfeeding and a lack of confidence in their own bilogy, which together with a low participation in maternal education activities, have meant the barriers that have mostly limited and largely hindered breastfeeding in this group of mothers. Conclusions: It would be desirable to implement improvement actions that would pay more attention to promote, protect and support breastfeeding in this group.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Mães , Aleitamento Materno , Poder Familiar , Comportamento Materno , Aleitamento Materno/etnologia , Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Enfermagem , EspanhaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities are subjected to a specific form of racism fuelled by deep-seated prejudice and stereotypes. These groups have historically been the victims of school segregation, forced assimilation policies, hate speech and hate crimes.Persecution and displacement have resulted in high rates of unemployment, reduced access to education and poorer health in general, which places these groups at significantly increased risk of poverty. In pregnancy, they are at increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes. There is a gap in the literature surrounding the experiences and outcomes of pregnant women within this group. A scoping review was chosen as the appropriate methodology to identify what is known about the experiences and outcomes of pregnant women in these communities. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The Levac et al guideline on conducting a scoping review will be followed. This six-step approach includes identification of the research question, identification of relevant studies, selection of studies, charting of data, summary of results and consultation with experiential experts. A comprehensive search of the following electronic databases from 1980 to 2021 will be conducted: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. Relevant grey literature and reference lists will also be searched. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) tool will be used. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was not required for this protocol as all literature within this scoping review are publicly available. To facilitate dissemination of findings, the research team will present the findings to key stakeholders working with Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities.
Assuntos
Roma (Grupo Étnico) , Crime , Escolaridade , Etnicidade , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto , Sorogrupo , Revisões Sistemáticas como AssuntoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Vaccine hesitancy is described by the WHO as one of the top threats to global health. The trajectory of the current COVID-19 pandemic depends upon the vaccination of a global population; therefore, barriers to routine vaccination within marginalized groups considered vaccine hesitant are of critical importance. Consistently, vaccination levels within Roma communities across Europe rate very poorly in comparison with general population coverage, and a number of measles and hepatitis outbreaks over the past 10 years have included Roma communities. This study aims to identify barriers to Roma vaccination in general with a view to informing analysis of potential low levels of vaccination within Roma communities for COVID-19. AREAS COVERED: The research question explores factors and barriers affecting general vaccine (non-COVID-19 vaccine) uptake within Roma communities across Europe. This scoping review was conducted using the Arksey & O'Malley framework, complying with PRISMA-SR for Scoping Review guidelines. EXPERT OPINION: Using Thomson's 5A's Taxonomy, access was identified as the greatest barrier to vaccination within Roma communities. Access factors had the greatest number of references in this scoping review and were considered the most relevant in terms of increasing vaccination uptake. Important access themes identified are health system issues, socioeconomic conditions, and mobility.
