RESUMO
Background: Cannabis refusal self-efficacy (CRSE), as the people´s belief about their capacity to resist cannabis, has been probed to predict cannabis use and related behaviors. The CRSE Questionnaire (CRSEQ) has 14 items grouped into Emotional Relief Self-Efficacy (6 items), Opportunistic Self-Efficacy (5 items), and Social Facilitation (3 items), forming a CRSE higher-order factor.Objective: To validate the CRSEQ for its use in the Chilean population.Method: The CRSEQ was administered to 1,275 individuals aged 12 to 77 (835 females). Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to evaluate 14-item and 19-item models. Estimates of internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent validity with cannabis use behaviors and reward sensitivity were obtained. Additionally, three multigroup invariance tests were conducted.Results: Both models exhibited good fit indices. The 14-item model showed χ2 (74) = 245.662, p < .001, CFI = .974, RMSEA = .047, indicating slightly better fit compared to the 19-item model, which showed χ2 (149) = 559.596, p < .001, CFI = .958, RMSEA = .051. Both models showed strong internal consistency (α = .80 to .96 for the 14-item model, α = .80 to .96 for the 19-item model), moderate to high temporal stability (ICCs 14-item model/ 19-item model: ERSE = .77/.78, OSE = .88/.89, SF = .82/.82), and significant convergent validity (correlations with cannabis use behaviors: .22 to .58).Conclusion: The better fit of the 14-item model makes it suitable for most applications. Convergent validity and multigroup invariance analyses confirmed the questionnaire's equivalence across sex, age groups, and cannabis use problem status. This allows for meaningful comparisons of cannabis refusal self-efficacy between different demographic groups, facilitating its applicability in diverse settings such as educational institutions and substance use treatment centers.
Assuntos
Psicometria , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Feminino , Chile , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Criança , Idoso , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Análise Fatorial , Uso da Maconha/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Therapy decision-making (TDM) is an essential medical skill. However, teaching therapeutic reasoning poses significant challenges. We present a comprehensive TDM course for medical students and report on student satisfaction with the educational strategies, their perceived importance of various TDM domains, and their self-efficacy in incorporating these elements into clinical decisions. METHODS: Three student cohorts participated in a 16-week TDM course, which included self-instruction modules, application assignments, faculty symposia, and application seminars as educational strategies. The course focused on TDM and emphasized how factors such as the patient's diagnosis, needs and preferences, treatment options, physicians' viewpoints, the patient-physician relationship, and contexts of medical practice impact TDM. After the course, students completed a before-and-after survey assessing their satisfaction with the educational strategies, their perceived importance of ten TDM domains, and their ability to incorporate these domains into patient management. Scores ranged from 1 to 10. Students from the first two cohorts completed a 1- and 2-year follow-ups. RESULTS: A total of 387 students completed the course. All educational strategies were well-received, with self-instruction modules and faculty symposia yielding the highest satisfaction rates (94.8% and 88.6% respectively). Before-and-after evaluations indicated that students` perceived importance of the TDM domains increased from an average of 8.0 ± 2.4 at baseline to 9.9 ± 1.0 after the course. Additionally, their perceived ability to integrate TDM domains into practice rose from an average of 5.2 ± 3.2 to 9.4 ± 1.5 by the end of the course. Follow-up results showed a decrease in these outcomes over time. CONCLUSION: This course serves as a successful model for systematically teaching TDM to medical students.
Assuntos
Currículo , Educação de Graduação em Medicina , Estudantes de Medicina , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Masculino , Feminino , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Ensino , Autoeficácia , Competência ClínicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form among Fathers for use in Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-cultural adaptation study that began with the translation from the original English into Portuguese, followed by back translation. A committee of experts evaluated the semantic, idiomatic, experiential, and conceptual equivalences. The pre-test of the Brazilian version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form among Fathers was conducted with 10 fathers whose children were in the breastfeeding period. To assess the psychometric properties, a cross-sectional study was carried out involving 131 fathers with children in the breastfeeding phase. Factor analysis with principal component extraction and item response theory were used in data analysis. RESULTS: The Brazilian version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form among Fathers presented an overall Cronbach α of 0.852. Very closely distributed factors explained 55.6% of the total variance in the principal component analysis. The item response theory showed that all questions have discriminatory characteristics. CONCLUSION: The cross-cultural adaptation process was carried out within validated international parameters and represents a potential instrument for promoting maternal and child health in Brazil.
Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Pai , Psicometria , Autoeficácia , Traduções , Humanos , Aleitamento Materno/psicologia , Pai/psicologia , Masculino , Estudos Transversais , Brasil , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Adulto , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Comparação Transcultural , Características Culturais , Feminino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Procrastination is characterized by the deliberate postponement of assigned educational tasks and is correlated with low academic achievement and depression. Concern about procrastination is particularly high among medical students, as it has a strong association with aspects such as low self-efficacy, lack of organization, low intrinsic motivation, inefficient effort regulation and time management problems. On the other hand, it was found that students' use of study strategies is significantly related to better academic results. The relationship between students' tendency to procrastinate and the adoption of effective study strategies remains little explored, leaving a critical space for investigation. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring how procrastination affects the selection and effectiveness of study strategies adopted by students. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Brazil and included medical students from the first to the seventh semester of the Unichrsitus Medical School. The validated procrastination scale and the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory were used. Generalized linear regression multivariate models with robust errors were used to verify the association between the study variables. RESULTS: 447 students participated, 70.2% of whom were female, with an average age of 23 years. The domain of "study aids" scored higher among younger students, who self-referred as black and who studied in private schools prior to the Medical School. Higher procrastination scores were statistically associated with higher main idea selection, concentration, time organization and anxiety scores and with lower study aids and study preoccupation scores (p values < 0.05). In addition, active methodology was associated with higher scores in the domains of study aids and time organization. CONCLUSIONS: Procrastination is associated with the study strategies used by medical students, which can be modified through training and ultimately improve their performance. Students in traditional models, who are older, white and from public schools may especially benefit from this training.
Assuntos
Currículo , Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas , Procrastinação , Estudantes de Medicina , Humanos , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Brasil , Motivação , Adulto , Educação de Graduação em Medicina , AutoeficáciaRESUMO
The family of individuals living with Down Syndrome (DS) often demonstrate high levels of stress associated with the demand for care and difficulties experienced in everyday life. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess perceived stress by parents/caregivers of individuals with DS and its association with general perceived self-efficacy and dental outcomes, considering the COVID-19 pandemic's impacts on family's daily activities and finances. A sample of 257 parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire with socioeconomic, dental, and behavioral variables and the short version of the Perceived Stress Scale and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. The sample was divided into three groups based on perceived stress levels. Associated variables were evaluated using multinomial logistic regression (level of significance 5%), adjusting for socioeconomic factors. The mean perceived stress score was 17.84 ± 5.75 (0-39). Medium stress (second tertile) was associated with finger/nail biting in individuals with DS (OR = 2.05; 95%CI 1.04-4.03; p = 0.038), difficulty in performing oral hygiene (OR = 2.39; 95%CI 1.23-4.65; p = 0.011) and medium and high self-efficacy (OR = 0.12; 95%CI 0.05-0.31; p < 0.001 and OR = 0.38; 95%CI 0.15-0.98; p = 0.046, respectively); high stress (third tertile) was associated with medium and high self-efficacy (OR = 0.25; 95%CI 0.09-0.67; p = 0.006 and OR = 0.05; 95%CI 0.02-0.15; p < 0.001, respectively) and negative impact of COVID-19 in family finances (OR = 3.00; 95%CI 1.39-6.44; p = 0.005). It was concluded that parents/caregivers' perceived stress was averaged and associated with self-efficacy, finger/nail biting, oral hygiene demands, and the financial impact of COVID-19.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Cuidadores , Síndrome de Down , Saúde Bucal , Pais , Autoeficácia , Estresse Psicológico , Humanos , COVID-19/psicologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Masculino , Feminino , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Adulto , Síndrome de Down/psicologia , Pais/psicologia , Cuidadores/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Criança , Adulto Jovem , SARS-CoV-2 , AdolescenteRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop and validate the Brief Eating Self-Efficacy Scale (ESEBS-BR) in Brazilian Portuguese, addressing the lack of tools to assess eating self-efficacy beliefs in Portuguese-speaking populations. METHOD: The study sought to cross-culturally adapt the scale, evaluate its internal structure, validate its reliability and validity, and explore potential associations between eating self-efficacy and eating behaviors. The cross-cultural adaptation process involved translation and back-translation, expert committees, and pre-testing. Scale validation was conducted with 228 participants, including reliability analyses, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlations with established measures of eating behavior. RESULTS: The ESEBS-BR, maintaining all 8 original items, demonstrated high reliability, with a two-factor structure model confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Significant correlations were found between ESEBS-BR scores and measures of binge eating and eating behaviors, validating its criterion validity. CONCLUSIONS: The development and validation of the ESEBS-BR represent a significant contribution to the assessment of eating self-efficacy in the Brazilian population. The scale proved to be sensitive, reliable, and valid, offering an important tool for research and clinical interventions related to eating behavior. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: V, descriptive cross-sectional study.
Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar , Psicometria , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Brasil , Feminino , Adulto , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Estudos Transversais , Comparação Transcultural , Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Fatorial , TraduçõesRESUMO
Efforts are needed to better understand what are the effective pathways that can optimize success in school-based physical activity interventions. This study aimed to investigate the mediators of a school-based intervention in the practice of physical activity in Brazilian students. The Fortaleça sua Saúde [Strengthen Your Health] program followed 1,085 students (11-18 years) over a semester. This multi-component intervention included training teachers, offering physical activity opportunities, and health education. Self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and potential mediators (attitude, self-efficacy, social support, perceived neighborhood environment, and physical activity facilities at school) were assessed. The product of coefficient analysis was performed. The sample was composed of 1,085 students (51.5% boys). The total effect of the intervention was 0.706 (95%CI: 0.276; 1.136). A total of 40% of the intervention effect on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was explained by attitude towards physical activity and social support from friends and teachers. Social support from friends was a significant mediator only among boys (ab: 0.113, 95%CI: 0.027; 0.256), and social support from teachers only among girls (ab: 0.135, 95%CI: 0.019; 0.328); indicating a statistically significant indirect effect of the program on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity via these mediators. A relevant part of the effect of a multicomponent intervention on physical activity among students from vulnerable areas is explained by changes via variables at different levels of the socioecological model, including social support from friends and teachers, and attitude towards physical activity. These results should be considered in public policies.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Apoio Social , Estudantes , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Criança , Brasil , Estudantes/psicologia , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Serviços de Saúde Escolar , Populações Vulneráveis , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Autoeficácia , Instituições AcadêmicasRESUMO
to assess the perception of self-efficacy, self-confidence, and satisfaction of undergraduate nursing students during the use of expert-modeling videos as a learning strategy in the period of social distancing.this was a descriptive study with undergraduates studying disciplines of caring for hospitalized newborns and children at a higher education nursing institution in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Activities were organized in three moments, in real time: prebriefing, expert-modeling videos and debriefing. The expert-modeling videos replaced the clinical simulation scenario during the social distancing required by the COVID-19 pandemic, for the development of telesimulation. Specific validated scales were used to analyze students' self-confidence, self-efficacy and satisfaction. Content analysis assessed the advantages and disadvantages of using expert-modeling videos.thirty-nine undergraduates took part in the study. High levels of self-confidence, self-efficacy and satisfaction were found among the participants. The advantages of expert-modeling videos were organized into the following categories: Convenience, Security and continuity of studies and Efficient teaching method, and the disadvantages into Problems with technology, Distractions, Lack of personal contact and Mental fatigue.telesimulation activities were consolidated as strategies that enabled learning in times of emergency online teaching due to the realness of telesimulation, the development of skills in caring for children and newborns and the link between theory and practice.
(1) Innovative learning strategy using expert-modeling videos. (2) Self-efficacy and self-confidence of undergraduates with telesimulation in child health. (3) Satisfaction with the use of telesimulation for teaching pediatric and neonatal nursing. (4) Advantages of using expert-modeling videos in times of social distancing. (5) The strategy showed positive results in the teaching-learning process.
Assuntos
Enfermagem Neonatal , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Feminino , Enfermagem Pediátrica/educação , Enfermagem Neonatal/educação , Masculino , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia , Adulto Jovem , Brasil , Gravação em Vídeo , Satisfação Pessoal , AdultoRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study examines factors that influence long-term fitness centre participation, applying the Physical Activity Maintenance Theory to assess psychological and contextual influences on exercise adherence. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 regular fitness centre attendees in Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were analysed using Bardin's Content Analysis, exploring the participants' experiences and the factors contributing to their sustained activity. RESULTS: Autonomous motivation, such as enjoyment and satisfaction from workouts, along with self-efficacy, emerged as crucial for continued fitness centre attendance. The environment, including ambiance, social support, and facility quality, significantly impacted exercise persistence. However, challenges like time constraints, weather conditions, and personal issues occasionally hindered engagement. The study also highlights the role of personalized fitness programmes in supporting long-term adherence, suggesting that tailoring these programmes to individual goals could further enhance commitment. CONCLUSIONS: The findings underscore the importance of fitness centres creating environments that align with individual needs and preferences. Customized programmes that cater to both personal and communal needs could bolster long-term adherence. Future research should explore the impact of personalized, community-integrated fitness approaches on sustaining active lifestyles, emphasizing the importance of accommodating individual preferences in maintaining regular exercise habits.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Academias de Ginástica , Motivação , Autoeficácia , Apoio Social , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Brasil , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Cooperação do Paciente , IdosoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To analyze the associations among autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, social support and perceived environment with physical activity practice of adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years; and to test autonomous motivations and self-efficacy as potential mediators of the associations between these environmental factors and physical activity practice. METHODS: We evaluated 553 adolescents, that participated in the ActTeens Program. Physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, parents' social support and perceived environment were assessed using specifics questionnaires. Linear regression models were used to test the associations. RESULTS: Parents' support (ß = 0.32), satisfaction of basic psychological needs of colleagues (ß = 0.21) and teachers (ß = 0.12), and perceived environment (ß = 0.10) had significant associations with physical activity (p < 0.05). The direct effect value was reduced when autonomous motivation was added as a mediator of the association between parents' support and physical activity (ß = 0.24), with a 25% mediated effect. Autonomous motivation was mediator of the relationship between basic psychological needs of colleagues (ß = 0.13; EM = 38%), teachers (ß = 0.02; EM = 83%), and perceived environment (ß = 0.03; EM = 70%) with physical activity. CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy was not associated with physical activity and autonomous motivation was an important mediator of adolescents' physical activity.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Motivação , Autoeficácia , Apoio Social , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Masculino , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Criança , Inquéritos e Questionários , Autonomia Pessoal , Pais/psicologia , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Satisfação Pessoal , Meio SocialRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Remote education emerged as an option during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this modality continues to be used by various universities around the world in the postpandemic context. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of digital skills and mobile self-efficacy in the influence of stress on the academic engagement of Peruvian university students during remote teaching by COVID-19 using structural equation modeling (SEM). METHOD: This study involved 1,468 students from nine public and private universities in northern Peru who had undergraduate and graduate distance learning programs. RESULTS: The results showed that stress negatively influenced academic engagement (ß=-0.107*) and digital skills (ß=-0.328***). In addition, digital skills (ß = 0.470**) and mobile self-efficacy (ß = 0.684***) positively influence academic engagement. Similarly, digital skills mediate the relationship between stress and academic engagement (ß=-0.154**), and both variables act as sequential mediators in this relationship (ß=-0.348***). CONCLUSION: This study provides a deeper understanding of the factors that influence academic engagement during Remote education and lays the groundwork for the development of interventions and training programs tailored to hybrid learning contexts that promote the well-being and academic success of college students in postpandemic times.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Educação a Distância , Autoeficácia , Estresse Psicológico , Estudantes , Humanos , Peru , Estudantes/psicologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , COVID-19/psicologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Educação a Distância/métodos , Masculino , Universidades , Feminino , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , AdolescenteRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Asthma is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalization and morbidity, necessitating the development of educational interventions for its management and control. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention in promoting parent/caregiver self-efficacy in the management and control of their children's asthma. METHODS: A clinical trial was conducted in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, involving two randomized groups of parents/caregivers of children: the comparison group (CG) (n = 42) and the intervention group (IG) (n = 42). Data collection took place in two phases: the first included face-to-face sessions followed by the educational intervention in the IG, and the second included telephone follow-up. The educational intervention included the use of an educational booklet and a brief motivational interview. RESULTS: The groups were homogeneous at baseline. After the intervention, the mean self-efficacy scores of the IG were significantly higher than those of the CG (p < 0.05), and children whose parents/caregivers were in the CG were 1.43 times more likely to experience an asthma crisis than those in the IG. CONCLUSIONS: The educational intervention proved effective in increasing parent/caregiver self-efficacy in asthma management and control. Furthermore, children whose parents/caregivers did not receive the educational intervention were more likely to experience an asthma crisis.
Assuntos
Asma , Cuidadores , Pais , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Asma/terapia , Asma/psicologia , Feminino , Masculino , Pais/psicologia , Pais/educação , Criança , Cuidadores/psicologia , Cuidadores/educação , Brasil , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/métodos , Educação em Saúde/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the status of health insurance knowledge and self-efficacy among adolescents and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease (AYA-IBD). STUDY DESIGN: English-proficient AYA-IBD ≥15 years receiving care at an academic pediatric practice were invited to perform the Kaiser Family Foundation survey on health information knowledge and the Health Insurance Literacy Measure. Analyses of responses by demographic factors were performed using nonparametric analyses and agreement analyses were performed to compare survey responses. RESULTS: Fifty AYA-IBD (60% 15-17 years old; 54% male; 76% White; 32% Hispanic) completed the surveys. Most AYA-IBD (58%) answered less than half the health insurance knowledge questions correctly. Reported ability and confidence in choosing and using health insurance was slight to moderate (median 2.8 on Likert scale of 1 [not at all confident] to 4 [very confident]). While health insurance knowledge scores did not vary by demographic factors, total health insurance self-efficacy increased with disease duration, and Hispanic participants reported reduced ability to select health insurance than non-Hispanic counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: AYA-IBD demonstrated suboptimal health insurance knowledge and self-efficacy. Our findings identify an important opportunity to provide health insurance education to help prepare all AYA-IBD to manage the costs of medical care during the transition process to adulthood.
Assuntos
Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais , Seguro Saúde , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Adolescente , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Estudos Transversais , Seguro Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/terapia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/psicologia , Letramento em Saúde , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this review was to investigate factors associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior in people with Parkinson disease (PD). The magnitude of these associations was investigated in line with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health components. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted until February 2023, searching four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus) for original articles investigating associations with physical activity or sedentary behavior in people with PD. Two independent researchers performed data extraction, and the risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Meta-analyses were conducted to determine the magnitude of the associations, and significant regression models from the included studies were described. RESULTS: Forty-two studies were included. Twenty-one factors associated with overall physical activity were identified. Higher levels of physical activity had a small association with cognition and body mass index and a fair association with 17 factors related to self-efficacy, physical function, mobility, quality of life, age, PD symptoms, and more. Better manual dexterity and functional gait had moderate to good associations with higher levels of physical activity. The regression model with the higher magnitude was composed mostly of contextual factors, except for the body max index. The magnitude of factors associated with physical activity intensity or sedentary behavior could not be identified. CONCLUSION: Functional gait and manual dexterity were the strongest factors related to physical activity in people with PD. Further investigation is needed to understand the factors associated with physical activity intensity and sedentary behavior. IMPACT: This study emphasizes the significance of considering contextual factors alongside body function and structure, activity and participation, and the health condition to enhance physical activity improvement during the rehabilitation process. By adopting such a holistic approach, rehabilitation professionals can optimize the overall health and well-being of individuals with Parkinson disease.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Doença de Parkinson , Qualidade de Vida , Comportamento Sedentário , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/reabilitação , Doença de Parkinson/fisiopatologia , Doença de Parkinson/psicologia , Autoeficácia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Cognição/fisiologiaRESUMO
Occupational self-efficacy has gained attention because of its importance in understanding the effects of psychosocial factors at work, but because of its relevance, it is necessary to study it in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Occupational Self-Efficacy Short Scale Form (OSS-SF) is a measure of individual variability in self-efficacy within the work context and has been used in some studies in Latin America. The aim of this study was to obtain evidence of the validity of the OSS-SF for 214 Peruvian teachers and to evaluate its internal structure and associations with other constructs. The sample, composed of 214 teachers (Mage = 44, SDage = 10), was selected using nonprobabilistic convenience sampling and evaluated via online forms. Nonparametric item response theory was used. Among the results, a unidimensional structure and high scalability at the item and scale levels were obtained (>0.70). The reliability was approximately 0.90. There was moderate convergence with job satisfaction (0.39) and slight convergence with the perception of the management of virtual tools (0.18). The OSS-SF is a scale with adequate evidence of validity and reliability for Peruvian teachers who work remotely. Therefore, it can be used as a diagnostic measure of intervention and training needs to benefit teachers and students.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Professores Escolares , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Professores Escolares/normas , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psicometria/normas , Psicometria/instrumentação , Psicometria/métodos , Peru , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Satisfação no EmpregoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Shared care planning (ACP) is a reflective, deliberative and structured process involving the sick person and his or her caring environment. Health professionals recognize barriers to initiating ACP.Perceived self-efficacy is one of the main predictors of success in learning processes. OBJECTIVES: 1) To crossculturally adapt the ACP self-efficacy scale in Spanish for Argentina (ACP-SEs); 2) To explore the reliability and validity of the scale; and 3) To explore self-efficacy in ACP in Argentinean professionals. METHOD: Exploratory instrumental study carried out on health professionals who assist patients with advanced chronic diseases, interdisciplinary through a comprehension test of the ACP-SEs instrument and psychometric validation in a purposive sample of professionals. Sociodemographic variables and previous experience were analyzed. RESULTS: After the comprehension test and linguistic adaptation of the scale through cognitive testing with eight professionals with experience with advanced chronic patients, the ACP-SEs Ar version of the scale was achieved. 236 professionals participated in the exploration, 83% attended patients with advanced chronic disease, 52.9 % were physicians, 52% received informal training in ACP, and 11% had a personal advance directive document. The scale's internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Questions about prognosis, treatment options, goals, treatment preferences, and reassessment of goals of care showed significant differences between physicians and nonphysicians. CONCLUSION: We explored PCA self-efficacy in health professionals with the ACP-SEs Ar scale validated for the first time in Argentina.
Introducción: La planificación compartida de la atención (PCA) es un proceso reflexivo, deliberativo y estructurado. Involucra a la persona enferma y su entorno afectivo. Los profesionales sanitarios reconocen barreras para iniciar la PCA. La autoeficacia percibida es un principal predictor del éxito en los procesos de aprendizaje. Objetivos: 1) Adaptar transculturalmente la escala de autoeficacia percibida en PCA en español para Argentina (ACP-SEs); 2) Explorar la confiabilidad y la validez de la escala y 3) Explorar la autoeficacia en PCA en profesionales argentinos. Métodos: Estudio instrumental exploratorio realizado a profesionales de la salud que asisten pacientes con enfermedades crónicas avanzadas, interdisciplinarios, a través de una prueba de comprensión del instrumento ACP-SEs y la validación psicométrica en una muestra intencional de profesionales. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y la experiencia previa. Resultados: Luego de la prueba de comprensión y adaptación lingüística de la escala a través de un test cognitivo con 8 profesionales con experiencia con pacientes crónicos avanzados se logró la versión de la escala ACP-SEs Ar. Participaron en la exploración 236 profesionales, el 83% asistía pacientes con enfermedad crónica avanzada; el 52.9% médicos; 52% recibió formación informal en PCA y 11% tenía un documento de directivas anticipadas personal. La consistencia interna de la escala fue alta (alfa de Cronbach = 0.89). Las preguntas sobre pronóstico, objetivos y preferencias de tratamiento, y reevaluación de los objetivos de cuidados mostraron diferencias significativas entre médicos y no médicos. Conclusión: La escala ACP-SEs Ar demostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas.
Assuntos
Psicometria , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Argentina , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença Crônica/terapia , Traduções , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Tomada de Decisão CompartilhadaRESUMO
The benefits of allowing learners to control when to receive knowledge of results (KR) compared to a yoked group has been recently challenged and postulated to be mild at best. A potential explanation for such dissident findings is that individuals differentially utilize the autonomy provided by the self-controlled condition, which, in its turn, affects the outcomes. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of self-controlled KR on motor learning focusing on the frequency of KR requests when performing an anticipatory timing task. Self-controlled groups were created based on participants' KR frequency of request (High, Medium, and Low referring to fifth, third, and first quintile) and, then, Yoked groups were created self-control condition pairing the KR request of the Self-controlled groups. We also measured self-efficacy and processing time as means to verify potential correlates. The results supported the expected interaction. While no difference between self-controlled and yoked groups were found for low frequencies of KR, a moderate amount of KR request was related to better results for the self-controlled group. Nonetheless, the opposite trend was observed for high frequencies of KR; the yoked group was superior to the self-controlled group. The results of this study allow us to conclude that the choices made, and not just the possibility of choosing, seem to define the benefits of KR self-control in motor learning.
Assuntos
Aprendizagem , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Aprendizagem/fisiologia , Adulto , Conhecimento Psicológico de Resultados , Destreza Motora/fisiologia , Autocontrole , Autoeficácia , Desempenho Psicomotor/fisiologia , Retroalimentação Psicológica/fisiologiaRESUMO
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Virtual Teaching (VT) Programme regarding palliative care on knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude among Nursing Personnel working in selected hospitals of North India. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design was conducted on 121 Nursing Personnel, selected by convenient sampling technique. Knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude were assessed using structured knowledge questionnaire, Palliative Care Self-efficacy Scale, and Frommelt Attitudes toward care of dying scale respectively. Nursing personnel in experimental group received Virtual Teaching Programme regarding palliative care whereas those in comparison group received conventional teaching (CT). The study included a pre-test followed by the teaching (virtual/ conventional) on day one. The post-test was conducted on 15th day after the intervention. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in mean post-test knowledge (VT group: 17.11 to CT group: 25.05; t=9.25, p<0.001), self-efficacy (VT group: 39.27 to CT group: 43.38; t=6.39, p<0.001) and attitude (VT group: 108.86 to CT group: 133.23; t=9.27, p<0.001) scores between virtual teaching group and conventional teaching group. ANCOVA test revealed statistically significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge [F (1.11) = 86.61, p<0.001], self-efficacy [F (1.11) = 841.75, p<0.001] and attitude [F (1.11) = 82.92, p<0.001] between the groups, with higher means obtained in the CT group. Conclusion: Virtual Teaching programme and Conventional teaching both were effective in enhancing the knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude among Nursing Personnel regarding palliative care with conventional teaching being more effective.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Síndrome Metabólica , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Masculino , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/psicologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Síndrome Metabólica/terapia , Síndrome Metabólica/psicologia , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Cuidados Paliativos/psicologia , Índia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Estresse Psicológico , Instrução por Computador/métodos , Adulto Jovem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/educaçãoRESUMO
Objective: to evaluate the association of Orem self-care model improvement of symptoms and quality of life in patients with diabetes. Methods: A scoping review was carried on bibliographic databases: PubMed-Medline, Scopus, SID and Magiran. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies examining the impact of the Orem self-care model on diabetic patients. Studies considered for inclusion needed to have full-text availability and be written in either English or Persian, with key words including "Models", "Nursing", "Quality of Life", and "Diabetes Mellitus". CONSORT checklist and STROBE statement were selected for quality assessment. Results: A total of 9 studies were included, all using quantitative methodology and focusing on adults or older adults. The majority of articles focused on quality of life and diabetic symptoms. 8 studies showed positive outcomes after implementation of the model. The findings indicate that this model led to an enhanced level of self-efficacy, improved quality of life, and better self-care practices among diabetic patients. Conclusion: Orem self-care model can reduce the diabetic symptoms and improve the quality of life, self-efficacy and self-care in these patients.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus , Qualidade de Vida , Autocuidado , Autoeficácia , Humanos , Autocuidado/métodos , Diabetes Mellitus/terapia , Diabetes Mellitus/psicologia , Adulto , IdosoRESUMO
Objective: This study aimed to the effects of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) in promoting the quality of nurses' communication skills among nurses. Methods: The present quasi-experimental research was conducted on 148 nurses (76 in the intervention and 72 in the control group) in Yazd province (Iran). In this study, the total number of nurses in one hospital was selected as the intervention group, while the nurses from another hospital were chosen as the control group. The participants were recruited from public hospitals in Ardakan and Meibod cities. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Constructs and a communicative skill questionnaire. The data were collected from the two groups before, one month after, and four months after the intervention. The control group did not receive any educational training during the course of the study. Results: In the pretest, no statistically significant difference was found between the intervention and control groups regarding the behavioral stages of effective communication with patients. In the posttest, the mean task self-efficacy score was significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control (p<0.001). The mean coping self-efficacy score was also significantly higher in the intervention group than the control in the posttest (p<0.001). Moreover, the mean coping planning score was significantly increased in the post-test intervention group(p < 0.001). The mean communicative skill score was also significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the post-test control (p=0.03). Conclusion: The intervention used in the present study based on the target model (HAPA) significantly affected nurses' self-efficacy and communicative skills in the experimental group.