Well-being at work scale (WBWS): Gathering empirical evidence from different interpretation strategies / Escala de bienestar en el trabajo (EBET): compilación de evidencia empírica de diferentes estrategias de interpretación

Well-being at work scale (WBWS) is a measure widely used in Brazil, composed of three dimen-sions (positive affects, negative affects and expressiveness/fulfillment) aligned with the field’s recent movement of junction of the two classical theoretical bases(hedonic and eudaimonic) that explain this phenomenon. Based on a cross-sectional survey involving 360 Brazilian work-ers, this study aimed to compare different models of interpreting the WBWS (including three one-dimensional proposals -composed by a single factor or second-order factor for WBW as-sessment -and one multidimensional proposal -composed by the three WBW factors singly). Each model was tested through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes, and then correla-tion analyzes between the models were run to allow their comparison. We concluded that the interpretation of WBWS from a single indicator is viable and more theoretically appropriate when it is intended to have a more integrated view about well-being at work. (AU)

La Escala de Bienestar en el Trabajo (EBET) es una medida ampliamente utilizada en Brasil, compuesta por tres dimensiones (afecto positivo, afecto negativo y expresividad/realización) alineadas con el movimiento reciente del campo de unión de las dos bases teóricas clásicas (hedónica y eudaimónica) que explican este fenómeno. Basado en una encuesta transversal que involucró a 360 trabajadores brasileños, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar diferentes modelos de interpretación de la EBET (incluidas tres propuestas unidimensionales, compuestas por un factor único o factor de segundo orden para la evaluación del BET; y una propuesta multidimensional compuesta por los tres factores BET individualmente). Cada modelo se probó a través de análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios, y luego se realizaron análisis de correlación entre los modelos para permitir su comparación. Concluimos que la interpretación de la EBET a partir de un solo indicador es viable y teóricamente más adecuada cuando se pre-tende tener una visión más integrada sobre el bienestar en el trabajo. (AU)

Attitudes and practices of travelers regarding COVID-19 vaccine and adverse reactions

Objective.In the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccines were made available to different countries. This study aimed to assess travelers' attitudes and practices toward the COVID vaccine and adverse events. Methods. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire from April 1 to June 30, 2021, among travelers who came for their COVID-19 test at the Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire.Results. A total of 527 travelers agreed to participate in this study, including 336 men and 161 women. Overall, 26% of respondents had already received their COVID-19 vaccine, while 76% of respondents responded they did not want to be vaccinated. The age of those most vaccinated (116) ranged from 25 to 64 years with a small proportion for those over 65 years (0.8%). Travelers (41) to France were the most vaccinated. All vaccinated persons (135) had a high level of education and were either Christian (89 persons), Muslim (45 persons) or animist (1 person). Adverse events related to the COVID vaccination were reported in seven individuals. These included muscle pain, fever and nausea. Conclusion.Negative attitudes towards vaccines are a major public health concern. In view of these results, for awareness raising, vaccination campaign may be focused on youthand people over 65 years of age. Public health messages containing information about vaccine safety should be tailored to address this vaccine hesitancy

Concordancia entre criterios de clasificación nutricional en adultos mayores, Colombia / Accordance between different nutritional classification criteria in older adults, Colombia

Introducción: El envejecimiento es un proceso irreversible que genera aumento permanente de la población de 60 o más años. Esta población vulnerable, vive en condiciones de discapacidad, abandono, falta de atención y presenta enfermedades asociadas con su estado nutricional, esto hace necesario determinarlo de forma adecuada. Objetivo: Analizar la concordancia entre diferentes criterios de clasificación nutricional según el Índice de Masa Corporal, a partir de una encuesta poblacional de envejecimiento, Colombia 2015. Material y métodos: Se utilizaron cuatro criterios y la concordancia entre las categorías del estado nutricional. Se calculó con los índices de Kappa directo y ponderado. Resultados: Las concordancias fueron moderadas y buenas, la menor proporción de bajo peso (3,4%) se obtuvo utilizando el criterio Organización Mundial de la Salud y la más alta (22,6%) con Organización Panamericana de Salud (p<0,05). El bajo peso se incrementa a medida que aumenta la edad, mientras el exceso de peso disminuye. Conclusiones: La clasificación nutricional cambia según el criterio y puntos de corte, el de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral, tuvo la mayor concordancia comparado con el de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y mejor capacidad para detectar deficiencia nutricional en la población adulta mayor.

Introduction: Aging is an irreversible process that generates a permanent increase in the 60 and older population. This vulnerable population lives in conditions of disability, neglect, lack of attention, and they present with illnesses related to their nutritional status, which is why it is necessary to understand it fully. Objective: To analyze the accordance between different criteria of nutritional classification according to the Body Mass Index, using an aging population survey, Colombia 2015. Materials and methods: Four criteria were used as well as accordance between categories of nutritional status. Direct and weighted Kappa indices were calculated. Results: The accordance was moderate and good, the lowest proportion of low weight (3.4%) was obtained using the World Health Organization criteria and the highest (22.6%) with the Pan American Health Organization (p<0.05). Low weight is increased as one ages, while excessive weight decreases. Conclusions: Nutritional classification changes depending on the criteria and cut-off points. The criteria of the Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition had the highest accordance with the World Health Organization and the best capacity in detecting nutritional deficiency in the older adult population.

Validación de la versión española de la Escala de funcionamiento breve (FAST) en pacientes diagnosticados de esquizofrenia / Validity of the Functioning Assessment Short Tests (FAST), in patients with schizophrenia

Introducción: El deterioro funcional es una de las principales características del curso de la esquizofrenia e implica un gran impacto en la calidad de vida del paciente. La Escala de funcionamiento breve (FAST), validada originalmente en trastorno bipolar, también ha sido validada para su aplicación en otros trastornos mentales, aunque solo encontramos un estudio sobre la fiabilidad y validez de la versión brasileña en esquizofrenia. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la FAST en pacientes diagnosticados de esquizofrenia.Material y métodos: Un total de 226 pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia fueron evaluados, cumplimentando la FAST, la GAF y la Escala de requisitos de autocuidado (ERA). Se analizaron las propiedades de la escala en términos de consistencia interna, concordancia interobservador y fiabilidad test-retest. Se analizó también la validez convergente con las escalas GAF y ERA, y la validez de constructo mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio.Resultados:Para el total del cuestionario los resultados mostraron una elevada consistencia interna (Cronbach's Alpha de 0,87), así como una buena concordancia interobservador (CCI=0,86) y test-retest (CCI=0,77). La validez concurrente con la escala GAF fue discreta (r=–0,32; p<0,001) y con la escala ERA moderada (r=0,50; p<0,001). El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró una estructura interna que se ajustaba a los 6 factores de la escala original, con un buen nivel de saturación de los ítems para cada factor.Conclusiones: La escala FAST mostró buenas propiedades psicométricas en términos de fiabilidad y validez en su versión española para su aplicación en pacientes con esquizofrenia. Se puede considerar una buena herramienta para evaluar diferentes áreas del deterioro funcional en la práctica clínica y en investigación. (AU)

Introduction: Functional impairment in schizophrenia is one of the main features of the disorder and implies a great impact on the patient's quality of life. The brief functioning assessment scale (FAST), originally validated in bipolar disorder, has also been validated for its application in other mental disorders. However, we only found one study on the reliability and validity of the Brazilian version in schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the FAST in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.Material and methods: A total of 226 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were evaluated by mean the FAST, the GAF and the self-care requirements scale (ERA). Scale properties were analyzed in terms of internal consistency, inter-observer agreement and test–retest reliability. Convergent validity with the GAF and ERA scales was also analyzed, as well as construct validity by means of a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).Results: For the total scale, the results showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha of .87), as well as good inter-observer (ICC=.86) and test–retest (ICC=.77) agreement. Concurrent validity with the GAF scale was discrete (r=−.32; P<.001) and with the ERA scale was moderate (r=.50; P<.001). CFA showed an internal structure that matched the six factors proposed by the original scale, with a good level of item saturation for each factor.Conclusions: The FAST scale showed good psychometric properties in terms of reliability and validity in its Spanish version for its application in patients with schizophrenia. It can be considered as a good tool to assess different areas of functional impairment in clinical practice and research. (AU)

Validación y adaptación española de la Escala de Actitudes Estigmatizadoras hacia la Salud Mental entre Iguales (Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale, PMHSS-24) / Spanish adaptation and validation of the Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale (PMHSS-24)

Introducción: En la actualidad, existe un creciente interés por las intervenciones con adolescentes encaminadas a la reducción del estigma hacia las personas con problemas de salud mental. Desafortunadamente, el número de escalas disponibles en castellano para evaluar el estigma en estas edades es reducido. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo adaptar y validar en población española la Escala de Actitudes Estigmatizadoras hacia la Salud Mental entre Iguales (PMHSS-24). Material y métodos: Participaron 443 adolescentes (46,6% mujeres y 53,7% hombres) de entre 13 y 17 años (Medad=14,64; DE=0,83) alumnos de 3.° y 4.° de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Se calculó la consistencia interna de la prueba, se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) con la mitad de la muestra y otro confirmatorio (AFC) con la otra mitad, y se halló la invarianza de medición de la escala a través del sexo. Resultados: El AFE arrojó una estructura de 2factores para la escala negativa (53% de la varianza explicada) y otros 2para la positiva (62% de la varianza explicada). El AFC corroboró la estructura factorial con adecuados indicadores de bondad de ajuste (CFI>0,95; NNFI>0,95; SRMR <0,08; RMSEA <0,08). Las cargas factoriales oscilaron entre 0,49 y 0,89, con una correlación entre factores r=0,53 y 0,45. Ambas subescalas exhibieron valores de αóptimos (negativa 0,94 y positiva 0,81). La escala fue invariante entre sexos. Conclusiones: El PMHSS-24 puede ser un instrumento útil para el cribado inicial de los estereotipos que exhiben los adolescentes hacia las personas con dificultades emocionales. (AU)

Introduction: There is currently a growing interest in interventions aimed at the reduction of stigma towards people with emotional difficulties in adolescents. Unfortunately, the number of scales available in Spanish to assess stigma at these ages is limited. This paper aims to adapt and validate the scale of stigmatizing attitudes towards mental health among peers (Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale PMHSS-24). Material and methods: A total of 443 adolescents (46.6% female and 53.7% male) between 13 and 17 years of age participated (Mage=14.64; SD=.83) in the 3rd and 4th grades of Obligatory Secondary Education. The internal consistency of the test was calculated, an exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) was performed with half of the sample and a confirmatory one (CFA) with the other half, and the invariance of measurement of the scale through sex was found. Results: The EFA showed a two-factor structure for the negative scale (53% of the variance explained) and another 2for the positive scale (62% of the variance explained). The CFA corroborated the factor structure with appropriate goodness-of-fit indicators (CFI>.95; NNFI>.95, SRMR<.08, RMSEA<.08). Factor loads ranged from .49 to .89, with α factor correlation between r=.53 and .45. Both subscales exhibited optimal alpha values (negative .94 and positive .81). The scale was invariant between the sexes. Conclusions: The data suggest that PMHSS-24 may be a useful scale for the initial screening of the stereotypes exhibited by adolescents toward people with mental illness. (AU)

Escala pediátrica de disfunción multiorgánica secuencial: validación en pacientes pediátricos graves con leucemia linfoide aguda / Pediatric sequential multiorgan dysfunction scale: validation in critical pediatric patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia

Introducción: Los pacientes que ingresan a la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos son aquellos con alto riesgo de mortalidad que pueden presentar síndrome de disfunción orgánica múltiple. Los pacientes que padecen leucemia linfoide aguda forman parte de este grupo. Objetivos: Validar la escala pediátrica de evaluación del fallo multiorgánico secuencial (pSOFA) en pacientes cubanos graves con diagnóstico de leucemia linfoide aguda. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, multicéntrico, en unidades de cuidados intensivos de hospitales cubanos con 92 pacientes y 184 ingresos. Se calcularon las puntuaciones de las escalas de disfunción multiorgánica secuencial, riesgo de mortalidad e índice de mortalidad pediátrica, y se evaluó la presencia de disfunción orgánica en las primeras 24 h y a las 48 h. Resultados: La puntuación pSOFA fue mayor en los no supervivientes (p < 0,001) y la mortalidad se incrementó de modo progresivo en los subgrupos con las puntuaciones pSOFA más altas. El análisis de las curvas de las características operativas del receptor (ROC) mostró que el área bajo la curva (AUC) para la predicción de la mortalidad con la puntuación pSOFA fue de 0,89, comparado con 0,84 y 0,79 con las escalas PRISM-3 y PIM-2, respectivamente. Conclusiones: La escala pSOFA mostró ser útil para establecer los criterios disfunción orgánica y su especificidad en el riesgo de mortalidad en los pacientes pediátricos cubanos críticos con diagnóstico de leucemia linfoide aguda(AU)

Introduction: Patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are those with a high risk of mortality who may present multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Patients with acute lymphoid leukemia are part of this group. Objectives: To validate the pediatric sequential multi-organ failure assessment scale (pSOFA) in severe Cuban patients diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia. Methods: An observational, prospective, multicenter study was carried out in intensive care units of Cuban hospitals with 92 patients and 184 admissions. The scores of the sequential multiple organ dysfunction, mortality risk and pediatric mortality index scales were calculated, and the presence of organ dysfunction was evaluated in the first 24 hours and at 48 hours. Results: The pSOFA score was higher in non-survivors (p <0.001) and mortality progressively increased in the subgroups with the highest pSOFA scores. The analysis of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for the prediction of mortality with the pSOFA score was 0.89, compared to 0.84 and 0.79 with the PRISM-3 and PIM-2 scales, respectively. Conclusions: The pSOFA scale proved useful to establish the criteria for organ dysfunction and its specificity in the risk of mortality in critical Cuban pediatric patients diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia(AU)

Validation of the Children’s Inventory of Anger (ChIA) with a Mexican sample / Validación del Cuestionario del Enojo para Niños (ChIA) con una muestra mexicana

The Children’s Inventory of Anger (ChIA) is a self-report measure that assesses the level of anger experienced by children and youth. Anger is asignificant predictor of aggression, peer relationships difficulties and antisocial behavior; therefore, is crucial to have a valid and reliable measure toevaluate it. The purpose of this study was to validate the ChIA for the Mexican children (ChIA-M). Participants were 638 students (M = 9.8 years; SD= 1.51), 49% were females from primary and secondary Mexican public schools. The exploratory factor analysis supported the four-factor structurewith a shared variance of 47.60%, but a different distribution of items. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated the model to be an acceptable fitwith the data χ 2 (338) = 1089.75, p ≤ .001, NFI = .82; IFI = .907, CFI = .906, RMSEA = .047. Good internal consistency was obtained for Totalscore α = .94 and subscales: Frustration α = .90, Aggression α = .88 , Peer Relationships α = .76 and Authority Relations α = .81. Convergentand divergent validity was supported through positive and significant correlations with the Anger Inventory for Mexican Children and the negligiblecorrelations with the Children Questionnaire of Positive Emotions. Results suggest that the Spanish version of the ChIA for Mexican population isa valid and reliable measure of child anger. However, attention should be paid to the cultural differences related to the experience of anger. Furtherresearch should continue evaluating the ChIA with clinical samples and children from different ages and regions in Mexico. (AU)

El Cuestionario del Enojo para Niños (ChIA) es un instrumentode autoinforme que evalúa el nivel de enojo experimentado por niños y jóvenes. El enojo es un predictor de la agresión, los problemas con pares yel comportamiento antisocial; por lo tanto, es crucial tener un instrumento válido y fiable. El propósito de este estudio fue validar el ChIA para niñosmexicanos (ChIA-M). Los participantes fueron 638 estudiantes (M = 9.8 años; SD = 1.51), 49 % eran mujeres de escuelas primarias y secundariaspúblicas mexicanas. El análisis factorial exploratorio apoyó la estructura de cuatro factores con una varianza compartida de 47.60 %, pero una distribución diferente de ítems. El análisis factorial confirmatorio indicó que el modelo ajusta aceptablemente χ 2 (338) = 1089.75, p ≤ .001, NFI = .82;IFI = .907, CFI = .906, RMSEA = .047. Se obtuvo buena consistencia interna para Puntaje total α = .94 y subescalas: Frustración α = .90, Agresiónα = .88, Relaciones con pares α = .76 y Relaciones con autoridad α = .81. Obtuvo evidencias de validez convergente y divergente con correlacionespositivas y significativas con el Inventario de Ira para Niños Mexicanos y correlaciones insignificantes con el Cuestionario de Emociones Positivaspara Niños. Los resultados sugieren que la versión en español del ChIA para población mexicana es un instrumento válido y fiable del enfado infantil.Sin embargo, se debe prestar atención a las diferencias culturales relacionadas con la experiencia de enojo. Se sugiere seguir investigando el ChIAcon muestras clínicas y niños de diferentes edades y regiones de México. (AU)

Overlooked subclinical portal hypertension in non-cirrhotic NAFLD: Is it real and how to measure it?

Clinical and experimental advances related to the detection, magnitude and pathobiology of subclinical portal hypertension in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), primarily observed in the presence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), prompt us to revisit current disease paradigms. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) has been reported to underestimate portal pressure in NASH-related cirrhosis, while inaccuracy is more likely in non-cirrhotic livers, indicating a potential need for new and preferably non-invasive methods of measurement. Although clinically significant portal hypertension (HVPG ≥10 mmHg) retains its prognostic significance in NASH, subclinical portal hypertension (HVPG 6.0-9.5 mmHg) has been repeatedly detected in patients with NAFLD in the absence of cirrhosis or even significant fibrosis whereas the impact of these findings on disease outcomes remains unclear. Mechanocrine signalling pathways in various types of liver cell reveal a molecular basis for the adverse effects of subclinical portal hypertension and suggest a bidirectional relationship between portal pressure and fibrosis. These findings may guide efforts to improve risk assessment and identify novel therapeutic targets in NAFLD.

Machine Learning Identifies Digital Phenotyping Measures Most Relevant to Negative Symptoms in Psychotic Disorders: Implications for Clinical Trials.

BACKGROUND: Digital phenotyping has been proposed as a novel assessment tool for clinical trials targeting negative symptoms in psychotic disorders (PDs). However, it is unclear which digital phenotyping measurements are most appropriate for this purpose. AIMS: Machine learning was used to address this gap in the literature and determine whether: (1) diagnostic status could be classified from digital phenotyping measures relevant to negative symptoms and (2) the 5 negative symptom domains (anhedonia, avolition, asociality, alogia, and blunted affect) were differentially classified by active and passive digital phenotyping variables. METHODS: Participants included 52 outpatients with a PD and 55 healthy controls (CN) who completed 6 days of active (ecological momentary assessment surveys) and passive (geolocation, accelerometry) digital phenotyping data along with clinical ratings of negative symptoms. RESULTS: Machine learning algorithms classifying the presence of a PD diagnosis yielded 80% accuracy for cross-validation in H2O AutoML and 79% test accuracy in the Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross Validation feature selection model. Models classifying the presence vs absence of clinically significant elevations on each of the 5 negative symptom domains ranged in test accuracy from 73% to 91%. A few active and passive features were highly predictive of all 5 negative symptom domains; however, there were also unique predictors for each domain. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that negative symptoms can be modeled from digital phenotyping data recorded in situ. Implications for selecting the most appropriate digital phenotyping variables for use as outcome measures in clinical trials targeting negative symptoms are discussed.

Simultaneous assessment of coronary stenosis relevance with automated computed tomography angiography and intravascular ultrasound analyses and fractional flow reserve.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the diagnostic performance of computed tomography angiography (CTA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) derived minimum lumen areas (MLA) from the same lesions that correspond to an FFR ≤0.80. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 24 patients (33 arteries) were collected retrospectively according to the following inclusion criteria: presence of a CTA diagnostic followed by an IVUS and FFR percutaneous coronary procedures. CTA and IVUS lumen contours were automatically performed using previously validated methods.The correlation between CTA and IVUS for the MLA was r = 0.45. In terms of MLA, the mean difference between CTA and IVUS was 0.81 mm2. Of note, a much smaller CTA-derived MLA (2.10 mm2) was found to be related to significant FFR lesions compared to that of the MLA derived from IVUS (3.19 mm2). The area under the curve, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for this CTA-derived MLA were 0.80, 0.76, 0.50 and 0.87, respectively, while these values for IVUS-derived MLA were 0.87, 0.85, 0.80 and 0.87. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomography angiography and intravascular ultrasound-derived minimum lumen areas have moderate diagnostic efficiency, albeit slightly better for IVUS, in identifying hemodynamically severe coronary stenoses. The utility of MLA, automatically derived from either CTA or IVUS as an alternative to FFR to guide the decision to revascularize, should be tested clinically.

A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the rio Doce basin, Brazil

A new species of Characidium is described from the tributaries of the upper and middle rio Doce basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from most congeners, except C. cricarense, C. hasemani, C. helmeri, C. kalunga, C. pterostictum, C. schubarti, C. summus, and C. travassosi by lacking scales in the area between the anterior limit of the isthmus and the anterior margin of cleithrum. The new species differs from the aforementioned species by a series of characters, including the presence of the adipose fin, 2­-4 scales between the anus and anal fin, two rows of dentary teeth, presence of the parietal branch of the supraorbital canal, 4 scale rows above the lateral line, and absence of two conspicuous inclined dark bands on each caudal-fin lobe. The new species further differs from most congeners with an unscaled ventral surface of the isthmus by the presence of 33-34 pored scales on the lateral line and by the dark dashes on the caudal fin-rays not forming well-defined bands.(AU)

Uma nova espécie de Characidium é descrita de afluentes do alto e médio curso da bacia do rio Doce, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A nova espécie se distingue da maioria das congêneres, exceto C. cricarense, C. hasemani, C. helmeri, C. kalunga, C. pterostictum, C. schubarti, C. summus e C. travassosi pela falta de escamas na área entre o limite anterior do istmo e a margem anterior do cleitro. A nova espécie difere das espécies acima mencionadas por uma série de caracteres, incluindo a presença de nadadeira adiposa, 2-4 escamas entre o ânus e a nadadeira anal, duas séries de dentes no dentário, ramo parietal do canal supraorbital presente, 4 séries de escamas acima da linha lateral e ausência de duas bandas escuras inclinadas em cada lobo da nadadeira caudal. A nova espécie difere ainda mais da maioria das congêneres com superfície ventral sem escamas no istmo por ter 33-34 escamas perfuradas na linha lateral e traços escuros nos raios da nadadeira caudal não formando bandas bem definidas.(AU)

Dermatoglifia y fuerza muscular en deportistas de baloncesto universitario / Dermatoglyphics and muscle strength in college basketball players / Dermatoglifia e força muscular em atletas de basquete universitári

RESUMEN El baloncesto es un deporte que requiere capacidades físicas para su desenvolvimiento en cualquier nivel de competencia; la fuerza es uno de los parámetros a evaluar que más exactitud precisa y que puede ayudar a llevar al deportista a su máximo potencial, por esto el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre las variables dermatoglifia y fuerza muscular en las posiciones de juego del baloncesto universitario, teniendo en cuenta el perfil antropométrico, en jugadores (mujeres y hombres) entre los 17 y 23 años. La muestra fue con 15 atletas de la selección de baloncesto, donde se evaluaron variables dermatoglificas (metodología propuesta por Cummins & Midlo, 1942), medidas antropométricas (la báscula InBody 770 y tallímetro SECA), posición de juego de cada individuo y test de fuerza muscular (T-force, modelo TF-100). Se encontró que la variable de dermatoglifia que más correlación (alta y moderada) tuvo con la prueba de fuerza muscular fueron los Arcos y dentro de este se encontraban los Postes, quienes en esta posición de juego mostraron mayor relación (r= 0,525 p= 0,045). Se demostró que, puede encontrar un lazo entre dos variables como dermatoglifia y fuerza muscular, sin embargo, es importante contar con una muestra más amplia y discriminarla por género, para así tener mayor exactitud.

ABSTRACT Basketball is a sport that requires physical abilities for its development at any level of competition; strength is an evaluated parameter that is more accurate than others and that can help to take the athlete to their maximum potential. For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the dermatoglyphics and muscle strength variables in university basketball playing positions, taking into account the anthropometric profile, in players (women and men) between 17 and 23 years old. The sample consisted of 15 athletes from the basketball team, where dermatoglyphic variables (methodology proposed by Cummins & Midlo, 1942), anthropometric measurements (the InBody 770 scale and SECA height rod), playing position of each individual, and muscle strength test (T-force, model TF-100) were evaluated. The dermatoglyphics variable that had the most correlation (high and moderate) with the muscle strength test were the arches, and within these, were the posts, who, in this playing position, showed the greatest relationship (r = 0.525 p = 0.045). It was shown that you can find a link between two variables such as dermatoglyphics and muscle strength, however, it is important to have a larger sample and discriminate it by gender, in order to have a higher accuracy.

SUMÁRIO O basquete é um esporte que requer habilidades físicas para seu desenvolvimento em qualquer nível de competição; a força é um dos parâmetros a serem avaliados mais precisos e que podem ajudar a levar o atleta ao seu potencial máximo; por esse motivo, o do estudo foi determinar a relação entre as variáveis dermatoglíficas e a força muscular nas posições de jogo de basquete de universidade, considerando o perfil antropométrico, em jogadores (mulheres e homens) entre 17 e 23 anos de idade. A amostra foi composta por 15 atletas do time de basquete, onde variáveis dermatoglíficas (metodologia proposta por Cummins & Midlo, 1942), medidas antropométricas (escala InBody 770 e estadiômetro SECA), posição de jogo de cada indivíduo e teste de força muscular (força T, modelo TF-100). Para análise estatística, foi realizado no software SPSS versão 22, com tendência central (média e desvio padrão). Verificou-se que a variável dermatoglyphic que teve a maior correlação (alta e moderada) com o teste de força muscular foram os Arcos e dentro deste foram os posts, que nesta posição de jogo apresentaram a maior relação (r = 0,525 p = 0,045). Foi demonstrado que, se é possível encontrar um vínculo entre duas variáveis, como dermatoglifos e força muscular, é importante ter uma amostra maior e discriminá-la por sexo, a fim de obter maior precisão.

Theoretical and Practical Foundations of Mokken Scale Analysis in Psychology / Fundamentos Teóricos e Práticos da Análise de Escala de Mokken em Psicologia / Fundamentos Teóricos y Prácticos del Análisis de la Escala de Mokken en Psicología

Abstract Item Response Theory represents one of the major advances in the field of developing valid and reliable measures in psychology. Among the main models used in this perspective are the Rasch model and the logistic models. These parametric models, however, are not suitable for all applications in psychology, since a substantial number of databases in psychology do not satisfy the assumptions of these models: unidimensionality; latent monotonicity; local independence; and, for some models, non-intersecting functions. Given this framework, the objective of this study was to present the theoretical and practical foundations of Mokken Scale Analysis (MSA). We present some historical issues involving the development of MSA, in addition to the main characteristics and assumptions of the two models used in this perspective. After exemplifying a MSA application, limitations and final considerations are presented, supporting the decision-making process for researchers who come to use MSA.

Resumo A Teoria de Resposta ao Item representa um dos principais avanços para a construção de medidas válidas e confiáveis em psicologia. Entre os principais modelos utilizados nessa perspectiva estão o modelo de Rasch e os modelos logísticos. Esses modelos paramétricos, no entanto, não podem ser utilizados em todas as aplicações em psicologia, uma vez que um número substancial dos bancos de dados em psicologia não satisfaz os pressupostos desses modelos: unidimensionalidade; monotonicidade latente; independência local; e, para alguns modelos, não-interseção de funções. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar os fundamentos teóricos e práticos da Análise de Escala de Mokken (AEM). São apresentadas questões históricas envolvendo o desenvolvimento da AEM, além das principais características e pressupostos dos dois modelos usados nessa perspectiva. Após exemplificação de uma AEM, limitações e considerações finais são apresentadas, apoiando o processo de tomada decisão para pesquisadores que venham a usar a AEM.

Resumen La Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem representa uno de los mayores avances en el campo del desarrollo de medidas válidas en psicología. Entre los principales modelos utilizados en esta perspectiva se encuentran los modelos logísticos. Estos modelos no son adecuados para todas las aplicaciones en psicología, ya que algunas bases de datos en psicología no satisfacen las suposiciones de estos modelos: unidimensionalidad; monotonicidad latente; e independencia local; y, para algunos modelos, funciones que no se interceptan. Teniendo en cuenta este marco, el objetivo de este estudio fue presentar los fundamentos teóricos y prácticos del Análisis de la Escala de Mokken (AEM). Presentamos algunas cuestiones históricas relacionadas con el desarrollo de AEM, además de las principales características y suposiciones de los dos modelos utilizados en esta perspectiva. Después de ejemplificar un AEM, se presentan las limitaciones y consideraciones finales, apoyando o procesando la tomada de decisión para investigadores que van a usar el AEM.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Battelle Development Inventory, 2nd Edition for Brazil / Adaptação transcultural do Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition para o Brasil

The Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition is a standardized inventory for evaluating the child development from birthto seven years, 11 months old. The objective of this article is to describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition Protocolto Portuguese-Brazil. This methodological study was conducted in three steps: 1) Pre-condition; 2) Test development; and 3) Evaluation of content validity. Adjustments were performed in the formulation of some items, as well as in the stimuli for structured application of the Brazilian version of Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition. Compared to the original version, the Brazilian version showed good semantic, idiomatic, experiential, conceptual, and operational equivalences, as well as excellent content validity indexes. This adapted version of the Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition for Brazil can be considered aviableinstrument for the usewith a Brazilian infant and child population.

O Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd edition é um inventário padronizado para avaliação do desenvolvimento de crianças de zero a sete anos e 11 meses de idade. O objetivo desse artigo é descrever o processo de adaptação transcultural do Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition para o português-Brasil. O estudo metodológico foi realizado em três etapas: 1) Pré-condição; 2) Desenvolvimento do teste; e 3) Avaliação da validade de conteúdo. Foram feitos ajustes na formulação de alguns itens, além de modificações nos estímulos para aplicação estruturada da versão brasileira do Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition. Comparada com a versão original, a versão brasileira apresentou boa equivalência semântica, idiomática, experiencial, conceitual e operacional, bem como ótimos índices de validade de conteúdo. A versão adaptada para o português-Brasil do Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition pode ser considerada um instrumento viável para uso de profissionais das áreas de saúde e da educação do país.

La obesidad infantil como prioridad sanitaria. Pautas en la mejora del control de peso / Childhood obesity as a health priority. Guidelines for improving weight control

La obesidad infantil es objeto de preocupación creciente, ya que es un problema que afecta a un elevado porcentaje de niños y es el origen de numerosas enfermedades en el presente y en el futuro, lo que puede condicionar un descenso en la esperanza y en la calidad de vida. Para combatir el problema es necesario analizar los factores que se asocian con el exceso de peso en la infancia para actuar sobre ellos e intentar frenar la tendencia observada en los últimos años. Diversos aspectos sociodemográficos, así como la inactividad y el sedentarismo de los niños, son factores que se asocian con un mayor riesgo de padecer obesidad y adiposidad central.Con gran protagonismo en este tema debe destacarse que el consumo de alimentos es mejorable: disminuir el consumo de azúcar, grasa y sodio, y sobre todo aumentar el de frutas, verduras, cereales integrales, pescado y lácteos, se asocia con menor padecimiento de obesidad y obesidad central en los niños.Pero no hay un único responsable del problema y la interacción entre conductas saludables aumenta las posibilidades de éxito en la lucha contra la obesidad infantil, lo que debe considerarse al planificar campañas de educación nutricional.Deben mejorarse numerosos aspectos de la alimentación y del estilo de vida de la población infantil. Quizá en este momento se hace más hincapié en pautas restrictivas. Aunque es muy conveniente reducir el consumo de dulces y de snacks, resulta muy deseable y quizá prioritario aumentar el consumo de verduras, hortalizas, frutas, cereales integrales y aproximar la dieta al ideal teórico. Las pautas constructivas deberían destacar respecto a las restrictivas. (AU)

Childhood obesity is a growing concern, because the problem affects a high percentage of children and is the source of many diseases in the present and in the future, which can lead to a decrease in life expectancy and quality of life. In order to combat the problem, it is necessary to analyze the factors associated with excess weight in childhood in order to act on them and try to curb the trend observed in recent years.Various socio-demographic aspects, as well as inactivity and sedentary lifestyle in children are factors that are associated with an increased risk of obesity and central adiposity.With great prominence in this issue, we have to highlight that the consumption of food is improvable: decrease the consumption of sugar, fat and sodium, and above all increase the consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, dairy is associated with lower obesity and central obesity in children.There is no single responsible for the problem and the interaction between healthy behaviors increases the chances of success in the fight against childhood obesity, which should be considered when planning nutritional education campaigns. Many aspects of the diet and lifestyle of the child population must be improved, perhaps now more emphasis is being placed on restrictive guidelines. Of course, it is desirable to reduce the consumption of sweets and snacks, but messages aimed at increasing the consumption of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and approximating the diet to the theoretical ideal can be prioritized. Constructive guidelines should stand out from restrictive ones. (AU)

Age at childbirth and change in BMI across the life-course: evidence from the INCAP Longitudinal Study

Background: Parity has been associated with both short- and long-term weight gain in women. However, it is not clear if timing of parity across the reproductive age has different associations with BMI. Methods: To prospectively assess the association between age at childbirth and maternal change in BMI, we analyzed data from the ongoing INCAP Longitudinal Study, which started in 1969 in four villages in Guatemala. Cohort women (n=778) provided information on reproductive history and anthropometric measures were measured in 1988-89 (adolescence, 15 to 25y), 2002-04 (early adulthood, 26 to 36y) and 2015-17 (mid adulthood, 37 to 55y). We evaluated the associations of number of live births in the period preceding each study wave (1969-77 to 1988-89, 1988-89 to 2002-04 and 2002-04 to 2015-17) with BMI change in the same period using multivariable linear regression models. Results: Number of live births between 1988 and 89 and 2002-04 was positively associated with increased BMI, while there was not an association between number of live births and BMI in the other intervals. Women who had one, two, or three or more children between 1988 and 89 and 2002-04 had 0.90 (kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.55, 2.35), 2.39 (kg/m2, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.70) and 2.54 (kg/m2, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.82) higher BMI, respectively, than women who did not give birth in the same period. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that women who had three or more children during early adulthood gained more weight compared to women who had no children in the same period. In contrast, women who had children earlier or later in their reproductive lives did not gain additional weight compared to those who did not have children during that period. Childbirth may have different

Reliability of shoulder rotation movement measured by the smartphone clinometer application / Confiabilidade da medida de movimento de rotação do ombro mensurada pelo aplicativo clinômetro para smartphone

Goniometry is widely used to measure range of motion (ROM), but requires skill and training. In this sense, smartphone apps appear as an alternative. The objective was to assess the reliability and validity of shoulder rotation measurements using a smartphone clinometer app. This study approved by Ethical and Research Committee of the University of Pernambuco. Thirty six (36) healthy and physically active adolescents and young adults participated in the study. In the measurement each volunteer performed external (ER) and internal (IR) rotation of the shoulder in the supine and side lying positions. The shoulder rotation ROM was measured by a goniometer and an application. ER and IR were measured in two days by two evaluators. Reliability was determined using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC). Validity was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients. Both devices had excellent intra- and inter-examiner reliability levels in most evaluations. However, the goniometer showed moderate inter-examiner reliability in measuring the internal rotation performed in the lying position (ICC 0.61 to 0.67). The app showed inter-examiner reliability ranging from fair to moderate for the same measurements (ICC 0.35 to 0.61). Significant differences were observed between the values recorded by the two instruments for all measurements performed (p <0.001). A strong correlation was observed between measurements in the supine and side lying positions with the goniometer and a smartphone clinometer app (r> 0.85). The application presented excellent reliability levels as well as demonstrated a high correlation with the goniometer. However, the assessment of IR lying down position should be avoided. (AU)

A goniometria é muito usada para medir a amplitude de movimento (ADM), mas requer habilidade e treinamento. Nesse sentido, os aplicativos para smartphones aparecem como uma alternativa. O objetivo foi avaliar a confiabilidade e a validade das medidas de rotação do ombro usando um aplicativo clinômetro de smartphone. Este estudo foi provado pelo Comitê de Ética da Universidade de Pernambuco. Participaram do estudo trinta e seis (36) adolescentes e adultos jovens, saudáveis e fisicamente ativos. Na intervenção, cada voluntário realizou rotação externa (RE) e interna (RI) do ombro nas posições em supino e decúbito lateral. A ADM de rotação do ombro foi medida por um goniômetro e um aplicativo. RE e RI foram medidas em dois dias por dois avaliadores. A confiabilidade foi determinada usando coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI), erro padrão de medição (EPM) e mudança mínima detectável (MMD). A validade foi avaliada usando os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson. Ambos os dispositivos apresentaram excelentes níveis de confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores na maioria das avaliações. No entanto, o goniômetro apresentou confiabilidade interexaminadores moderada na medição da rotação interna realizada na posição deitada (ICC 0,61 a 0,67). O aplicativo mostrou confiabilidade interexaminadores variando de ruim a moderada para as mesmas medidas (ICC 0,35 a 0,61). Diferenças significativas foram observadas entre os valores registrados pelos dois instrumentos para todas as medidas realizadas (p <0,001). Uma forte correlação foi observada entre as medidas nas posições supina e deitada de lado com o goniômetro e o aplicativo clinômetro para smartphone (r> 0,85). O aplicativo apresentou excelentes níveis de confiabilidade, bem como demonstrou uma alta correlação com o goniômetro. No entanto, a avaliação da RI na posição deitada deve ser evitada. (AU)

Efeito de diferentes intensidades do exercício antagonista no desempenho de repetições dos agonistas em séries pareadas / Effect of different intensities of antagonist exercise on agonist repetitions performance in paired series

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o efeito agudo de diferentes intensidades em séries pareadas agonistas e antagonistas sobre o desempenho de repetições máximas. Participaram de estudo, 12 homens recreacionalmente treinados (idade: 25.83 ± 3.43 anos; peso: 76.33 ± 5.58 kg; altura 1.72 ± 0.04 metros; IMC: 25.95 ± 1.34 kg/m²). Os procedimentos foram separados em cinco sessões: o primeiro encontro constou de anamnese, medidas antropométricas e teste de 10 repetições máximas (RM) nos exercícios rosca bíceps supinada com barra (RB) e tríceps no pulley (TP). Nos demais encontros, os participantes executaram o máximo de repetições no RB com 80% da carga de 10RM após realizarem, de maneira aleatória e em dias separados, um dos 4 protocolos de diferentes intensidades na musculatura antagonista (TP): Protocolo controle (PC), 10 repetições com 40% de 10RM (P40), 10 repetições com 60% de 10RM (P60) e 10 repetições com 80% de 10RM (P80). Para a análise estatística foi realizada uma ANOVA de medidas repetidas e o nível de significância adotado foi de p < 0.05. Os resultados demonstraram que maiores intensidades (P60 = 15.83 ± 0.94 repetições e P80 = 16.42 ± 0.79 repetições) possibilitaram um aumento significativo (p < 0.05) no desempenho de repetições quando comparado ao PC (14.83 ± 0.72 repetições). Além disso, P80 foi também superior ao P40 (15.25 ± 0.97 repetições, p = 0.00), mostrando existir uma dosagem mínima (60% de 10RM) para a melhora de desempenho no método pareado agonista e antagonista. (AU)

The aim of the present study was to verify the acute effect of different intensities of paired agonist and antagonist series on the performance of maximum repetitions. Twelve recreational trained men participated in the study (age: 25.83 ± 3.43 years; weigth: 76.33 ± 5.58 kg; height 1.72 ± 0.04 meters; IMC: 25.95 ± 1.34 kg/m²). The experimental procedure took place over five sessions: the first consisted of anamnesis, anthropometric measurements and a test of 10 maximum repetitions (RM) in the barbell curved supine (RB) and triceps pulley (TP) exercises. nother meetings, the participants performed maximum repetitions in the RB with 80% of the 10RM load after performing, in random order and on separate days, one of the 4 protocols of different intensities in the antagonist musculature (TP): Control protocol (PC), 10 repetitions with 40% of 10RM (P40), 10 repetitions with 60% of 10RM (P60) and 10 repetitions with 80% of 10RM (P80). For the statistical analysis, an ANOVA was performed and the level of significance adopted was p <0.05. The results showed that higher intensities (P60 = 15.83 ± 0.94 repetitions e P80 = 16.42 ± 0.79 repetitions) enabled a significant increase in repetition performance when compared to CP (14.83 ± 0.72 repetitions). In addition, P80 was also superior to P40 (15.25 ± 0.97 repetitions, p = 0.00), showing that there is a minimum dosage (60% of 10RM) to improve performance in the paired agonist and antagonist method. (AU)

Avaliação do Apego em Adultos: estudo de revisão integrativa de escalas / Evaluation of attchment in adult: scales and psychometric properties / Evaluación del apego in adultos: Escalas y propriedades psicométricas

O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão literatura sobre medidas de apego publicadas no período de 2014 a 2019. Foi realizado levantamento de informações relativas ao número de itens, fatores, forma de resposta, dados de confiabilidade, principais métodos de investigação da estrutura interna. As bases de dados utilizadas foram: BIREME, PubMed, PsycNET, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SAGE, Springer e Redalyc. Dos 1384 artigos foram analisados 10 que corresponderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os fatores os instrumentos apresentaram variações de 1 a 5 fatores e diferentes métodos de análise. Uma lacuna importante encontrada, foi a ausência de um instrumento de apego brasileiro (AU).

This study aims to present a literature review on attachment measures published from 2014 to 2019. Information was collected on the number of items, factors, response form, reliability data, main methods of investigation of the internal structure. The databases used were: BIREME, PubMed, PsycNET, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SAGE, Springer and Redalyc. Of the 1384 articles, 10 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. The factors of the instruments varied from 1 to 5 factors and different methods of analysis. An important gap found was the absence of a Brazilian attachment instrument (AU).

Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión de la literatura sobre las medidas de apego publicadas de 2014 a 2019. Se recopiló información sobre el número de ítems, factores, formulario de respuesta, datos de confiabilidad, principales métodos de investigación de la estructura interna. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron: BIREME, PubMed, PsycNET, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SAGE, Springer y Redalyc. De los 1384 artículos, se analizaron 10 que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los factores de los instrumentos variaron de 1 a 5 factores y diferentes métodos de análisis. Una brecha importante encontrada fue la ausencia de un instrumento de apego brasileño (AU).

Efecto del comportamiento del peso materno en el peso del neonato / Effect of the behavior of maternal weight on the weight of the newborn. Introduction

La alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en las mujeres en edad fértil hace necesario indagar por el impacto que este factor y la ganancia ponderal excesiva en la gestación generan sobre el peso al nacer del neonato. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto del comportamiento del peso materno en dos grupos, gestantes con recién nacido macrosómico y normopeso. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo de medidas repetidas, para comparar la ganancia ponderal en siete momentos de la gestación en dos grupos de gestantes, cuarenta y ocho con recién nacido macrosómico vs cuarenta y ocho normopeso. El estudio se realizó en una institución de segundo nivel de Antioquia-Colombia, a partir de las historias clínicas del control prenatal de los último cinco años. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos, para el peso de los siete momentos del periodo gestacional (p <0,001). El peso gestacional materno, contribuyó a la varianza del peso del neonato, especialmente en el grupo de gestantes con recién nacido macrosómico. Conclusión: La ganancia ponderal materna impacta el peso al nacer, es decir que, a mayor peso gestacional materno, mayor fue el peso del recién nacido(AU)

The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of a childbearing age makes it necessary to investigate the impact that this factor and an excessive weight gain in pregnancy have on the weight at birth of the newborn. Objective: To evaluate the effect of maternal weight behavior in two groups, pregnant with a macrosomic newborn and a normal weight. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study of repeated measures, to compare the weight gain at seven moments of the gestation in two groups of pregnant women, forty-eight with macrosomic newborn vs. forty-eight with a normal weight. The study was carried out in a second-level institution in Antioquia-Colombia, based on the medical records of the prenatal control of the last five years. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between groups for the weight of the seven moments of the gestational period (p <0.001). Maternal gestational weight contributed to the variance of the newborn's weight, especially in the group of pregnant women with a macrosomic newborn. Conclusion: Maternal weight gain impacts birth weight, which means, the higher the maternal gestational weight, the higher the newborn's weight(AU)