Precipitating and perpetuating factors of rheumatoid arthritis immunopathology: linking the triad of genetic predisposition, environmental risk factors and autoimmunity to disease pathogenesis.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol
; 25(4): 447-68, 2011 Aug.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22137917
ABSTRACT
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered to occur when genetic and environmental factors interact to trigger immunopathological changes and consequently an inflammatory arthritis. Over the last few decades, epidemiological and genetic studies have identified a large number of risk factors for RA development, the most prominent of which comprise cigarette smoking and the shared epitope alleles. These risks appear to differ substantially between anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACPA)-positive and ACPA-negative disease. In this article, we will summarise the risk factors for RA development that have currently been identified, outlining the specific gene-environment and gene-gene interactions that may occur to precipitate and perpetuate autoimmunity and RA. We will also focus on how this knowledge of risk factors for RA may be implemented in the future to identify individuals at a high risk of disease development in whom preventative strategies may be undertaken.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
/
Autoimmunity
/
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
/
Environmental Exposure
/
Gene-Environment Interaction
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol
Journal subject:
REUMATOLOGIA
Year:
2011
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: