Thrombotic microangiopathy as first manifestation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case report and review of the literature.
J Med Case Rep
; 10: 152, 2016 Jun 07.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27266265
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
We present the case of a patient with acute human immunodeficiency virus infection and a thrombotic microangiopathy as the first clinical manifestation, a presentation that has not, to the best of our knowledge, been previously reported. CASE PRESENTATION A 35-year-old Bolivian man presented with epistaxis and thrombocytopenia. We found microangiopathic anemia, lymphopenia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, progressive acute renal failure, negative direct antiglobulin test, and normal activity of ADAMTS13. An human immunodeficiency virus ELISA test was negative, with an human immunodeficiency virus viral load of 10,000,000 RNA copies/mL. Antiretroviral therapy and three sessions of therapeutic plasma exchange were able to control thrombotic microangiopathy.CONCLUSIONS:
Hematologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection are frequent. However, the debut of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection with thrombotic microangiopathy is a rare event. A high index of suspicion and early treatment is required.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
HIV Infections
/
Thrombotic Microangiopathies
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
America do sul
/
Bolivia
Language:
En
Journal:
J Med Case Rep
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: