Biofortified ß-carotene rice improves vitamin A intake and reduces the prevalence of inadequacy among women and young children in a simulated analysis in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 104(3): 769-75, 2016 Sep.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27510534
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Vitamin A deficiency continues to be a major public health problem affecting developing countries where people eat mostly rice as a staple food. In Asia, rice provides up to 80% of the total daily energy intake.OBJECTIVE:
We used existing data sets from Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines, where dietary intakes have been quantified at the individual level to 1) determine the rice and vitamin A intake in nonpregnant, nonlactating women of reproductive age and in nonbreastfed children 1-3 y old and 2) simulate the amount of change that could be achieved in the prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamin A if rice biofortified with ß-carotene were consumed instead of the rice consumed at present.DESIGN:
We considered a range of 4-20 parts per million (ppm) of ß-carotene content and 10-70% substitution levels for the biofortified rice. Software was used to estimate usual rice and vitamin A intake for the simulation analyses.RESULTS:
In an analysis by country, the substitution of biofortified rice for white rice in the optimistic scenario (20 ppm and 70% substitution) decreased the prevalence of vitamin A inadequacy from baseline 78% in women and 71% in children in Bangladesh. In Indonesia and the Philippines, the prevalence of inadequacy fell by 55-60% in women and dropped by nearly 30% in children from baseline.CONCLUSIONS:
The results of the simulation analysis were striking in that even low substitution levels and modest increases in the ß-carotene of rice produced a meaningful decrease in the prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamin A. Increasing the substitution levels had a greater impact than increasing the ß-carotene content by >12 ppm.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Oryza
/
Vitamin A Deficiency
/
Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
/
Beta Carotene
/
Diet
/
Biofortification
/
Models, Biological
Type of study:
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
Am J Clin Nutr
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article