Anaerobic Bacterial Fermentation Products Increase Tuberculosis Risk in Antiretroviral-Drug-Treated HIV Patients.
Cell Host Microbe
; 21(4): 530-537.e4, 2017 Apr 12.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28366509
ABSTRACT
Despite the immune-reconstitution with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-infected individuals remain highly susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) and have an enrichment of oral anaerobes in the lung. Products of bacterial anaerobic metabolism, like butyrate and other short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), induce regulatory T cells (Tregs). We tested whether SCFAs contribute to poor TB control in a longitudinal cohort of ART-treated HIV-infected South Africans. Increase in serum SCFAs was associated with increased TB susceptibility. SCFAs inhibited IFN-γ and IL-17A production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-infected ART-treated individuals in response to M. tuberculosis antigen stimulation. Pulmonary SCFAs correlated with increased oral anaerobes, such as Prevotella in the lung, and with M. tuberculosis antigen-induced Tregs. Metabolites from anaerobic bacterial fermentation may, therefore, increase TB susceptibility by suppressing IFN-γ and IL-17A production during the cellular immune response to M. tuberculosis.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Bacteria, Anaerobic
/
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
/
HIV Infections
/
Disease Susceptibility
/
Fatty Acids, Volatile
/
Immunologic Factors
/
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
En
Journal:
Cell Host Microbe
Journal subject:
MICROBIOLOGIA
Year:
2017
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: