Comparative Evaluation of the Remineralization Potential of Monofluorophosphate, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate on Demineralized Enamel Lesions: An In Vitro Study.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of the study is to compare the remineralization potential of monofluorophosphate, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and calcium sodium phosphosilicate on demineralized enamel lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Enamel sections from 30 sound human premolar crowns were prepared and sectioned into quadrants. Early enamel lesions were created in each sample by immersion in a demineralizing solution for 72 hours. Of the four sections, the first quadrant (A) was not given any surface treatment, the second quadrant (B) was treated with monofluorophosphate dentifrice, the third (C) was treated with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and the fourth (D) was treated with calcium sodium phosphosilicate while being subjected to a five-day pH cycling protocol. The sections were further cross-sectioned to expose the lesion depth and were then viewed under the confocal laser scanning microscope after staining with 0.1 mM rhodamine B dye for 24 hours. The two parameters evaluated were the cross-sectional demineralized lesion area and total fluorescence. RESULTS: Amongst the dentifrices tested, the lowest values for lesion area and total fluorescence were recorded by calcium sodium phosphosilicate (3874.1 µ2 and 107282.6, respectively), followed by casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (5776.6 µ2 and 129470.8) and then by monofluorophosphate dentifrice (7371.2 µ2 and 233765.9) in increasing order. The highest values for lesion area and total fluorescence were recorded by the no treatment group (16449.2 µ2 and 759743.1). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant variations (p<0.01) between the groups and Scheffe multiple comparisons confirmed the significance (p<0.01) of intergroup variations. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that, among the three agents tested, calcium sodium phosphosilicate is the most effective remineralizing agent followed by casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate. Monofluorophosphate is the least effective remineralizing agent when tested under the conditions mentioned in this study.