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Predictive immunohistochemical features for tumour response to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer.
Shinto, E; Omata, J; Sikina, A; Sekizawa, A; Kajiwara, Y; Hayashi, K; Hashiguchi, Y; Hase, K; Ueno, H.
Affiliation
  • Shinto E; Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
  • Omata J; Department of Surgery, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Sikina A; Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
  • Sekizawa A; Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
  • Kajiwara Y; Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
  • Hayashi K; Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
  • Hashiguchi Y; Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Hase K; Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
  • Ueno H; Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
BJS Open ; 4(2): 301-309, 2020 04.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32026629
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Reduced expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 133 and cyclo-oxygenase (COX) 2, and increased density of CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, are associated with a favourable tumour response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This study aimed to evaluate these markers in relation to tumour response after preoperative CRT in two rectal cancer cohorts.

METHODS:

Patients with low rectal cancer who underwent radical resection and preoperative short-term CRT in 2001-2007 (retrospective cohort) and long-term CRT in 2011-2017 (prospective cohort) were analysed. Pretreatment biopsies were stained immunohistochemically using antibodies to determine CD133 and COX-2 expression, and increased CD8+ density. Outcome measures were tumour regression grade (TRG), tumour downstaging and survival.

RESULTS:

For 95 patients in the retrospective cohort, the incidence of TRG 3-4 was 67 per cent when two or three immunohistochemistry (IHC) features were present, but only 20 per cent when there were fewer features (P < 0·001). The incidence of tumour downstaging was higher in patients with at least two IHC features (43 versus 22 per cent with fewer features; P = 0·029). The 49 patients in the prospective cohort had similar rates to those in the retrospective cohort (TRG 3-4 76 per cent for two or more IHC features versus 25 per cent with fewer features, P < 0·001; tumour downstaging 57 versus 25 per cent respectively, P = 0·022). Local recurrence-free survival rates in patients with more or fewer IHC features were similar in the retrospective and prospective cohort (P = 0·058 and P = 0·387 respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Assessment of CD133, COX-2 and CD8 could be useful in predicting a good response to preoperative CRT in patients with lower rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. Further studies are needed to validate the results in larger cohorts and investigate a survival benefit.
RESUMEN
ANTECEDENTES La expresión reducida de CD133 and COX-2, y un aumento en la densidad de los linfocitos infiltrantes del tumor CD8+ se han asociado recientemente con una respuesta favorable del tumor a la quimiorradioterapia preoperatoria (preoperative chemoradiotherapy, CRT). Este estudio evaluó estos marcadores respecto a la respuesta del tumor tras CRT preoperatoria en dos cohortes de cáncer colorrectal.

MÉTODOS:

Se analizaron pacientes con cáncer de recto bajo sometidos a resección radical y CRT preoperatoria de corta duración entre 2001-2007 (cohorte retrospectiva) y CRT de larga duración entre 2011-2017 (cohorte prospectiva). Se realizó tinción inmunohistoquímica (immunohistochemical, IHC) con anticuerpos para CD133, COX-2 y CD8 en las biopsias previas al tratamiento. Las características de interés incluyeron la disminución en las expresiones de CD133 y COX-2, y la densidad aumentada de CD8+. Las variables de interés fueron los grados de regresión tumoral (tumour regression grades, TRG) de acuerdo con Rödel, la reducción del estadio tumoral y las supervivencias.

RESULTADOS:

La cohorte retrospectiva incluyó 95 pacientes. En este subgrupo, la incidencia de TRGs 3-4 fue del 66,7% en pacientes con dos o tres características de la IHC, mientras que solo fue del 20,0% en pacientes con ninguna o con una característica (P < 0,001). Además, la incidencia de disminución del estadio tumoral fue más alta en pacientes que mostraban al menos dos características IHC (43,3%) que en los controles (21,5%; P = 0,029). En la cohorte prospectiva se incluyeron 49 pacientes y la incidencia de estos hallazgos fue similar (TRG 3-4, 76,2% en ≥ 2 características IHC versus 25,0% en los controles, P < 0,001; disminución del estadio tumoral, 57,1% en ≥ 2 características IHC versus 25,0% en los controles, P = 0,022). La supervivencia libre de recidiva local fue similar en las cohortes retrospectiva y prospectiva, cuando se compararon subgrupos de acuerdo con las características IHC (P = 0,058 y 0,387, respectivamente)

CONCLUSIÓN:

Este estudio sugiere que la evaluación de CD133, COX-2 y CD8 podría ser útil para la predicción de una buena respuesta a la CRT preoperatoria en pacientes con cáncer de recto bajo sometidos a tratamiento neoadyuvante. Se necesitan estudios adicionales para validar los resultados en amplias cohortes e investigar el beneficio en la supervivencia.
Subject(s)

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Rectal Neoplasms / Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant Type of study: Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: En Journal: BJS Open Year: 2020 Document type: Article Affiliation country:

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Rectal Neoplasms / Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant Type of study: Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: En Journal: BJS Open Year: 2020 Document type: Article Affiliation country:
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