Design and synthesis of non-fullerene acceptors based on a quinoxalineimide moiety as the central building block for organic solar cells.

ABSTRACT

Two new non-fullerene acceptors, namely QIP-4F and QIP-4Cl, containing a novel imide-functionalized quinoxaline (QI) moiety fused with a thienylthiophene unit as the central building block, and fluorinated or chlorinated 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile as end-capping groups, were designed and synthesized, respectively. An optimized device based on P2F-EHpQIP-4Cl presented a power conversion efficiency of 13.3%, with an impressively high open-circuit voltage of 0.94 V. These results demonstrate the great potential of QI-containing fused units as central building blocks for high-performance acceptors.