A global antiB cell strategy combining obinutuzumab and daratumumab in severe pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
Pediatr Nephrol
; 36(5): 1175-1182, 2021 05.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33118048
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) is, in most patients, a chronic disease with 80% experiencing at least one relapse after first flare. B cell depletion using rituximab is effective in preventing relapse in steroid-dependent (SDNS) patients but fails to maintain long-term remission following B cell recovery, possibly due to development of autoreactive long-lived plasma cells. We investigated sequential combination of antiCD20 antibody targeting all B cell subsets, and antiCD38 antibody with high plasma cell cytotoxicity in patients with uncontrolled SDNS after failure of one or several attempts at B cell depletion.METHODS:
Fourteen patients with median disease duration 7.8 years received 1000 mg/1.73 m2 obinutuzumab followed by 1000 mg/1.73 m2 daratumumab 2 weeks later. Oral immunosuppression was discontinued within 6 weeks, and biological monitoring performed monthly until B cell recovery.RESULTS:
Median age at treatment was 11.0 [IQR 10.4-14.4] years. B cell depletion was achieved in all patients, and B cell reconstitution occurred in all at median 9.5 months after obinutuzumab injection. After median follow-up 20.3 months (IQR 11.5-22.6), 5/14 patients relapsed including 4 within 100 days following B cell repletion. Relapse-free survival was 60% at 24 months from obinutuzumab infusion. Mild infusion reactions were reported in 3/14 patients during obinutuzumab and 4/14 during daratumumab infusions. Mild transient neutropenia (500-1000/mm3) occurred in 2/14 patients. Intravenous immunoglobulins were given to 12/14 patients due to hypogammaglobulinemia. Low IgA and IgM levels were noted in 8 and 14 patients, respectively. No severe infection was reported.CONCLUSION:
Global antiB cell strategy combining obinutuzumab and daratumumab induces prolonged peripheral B cell depletion and remission in children with difficult-to-treat SDNS.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
B-Lymphocytes
/
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
/
Antibodies, Monoclonal
/
Nephrotic Syndrome
Limits:
Child
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Pediatr Nephrol
Journal subject:
NEFROLOGIA
/
PEDIATRIA
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: